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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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You are seeing a patient in the emergency department who you suspect is having an acute MI. What would you expect to see on her ECG?
Shortened QRS complex Inverted T waves Absent U waves Depressed P waves |
Answer: B
During an acute MI, there will be inverted or peaked upright T waves on ECG. Other signs include elevating cardiac enzymes and white blood cells, though these signs would not be observed until the following day. |
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4. Which of the following is NOT an example of a HAART regimen of HIV medications?
Efavirenz along with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) Indinavir along with two NRTIs Nelfinavir along with two NRTIs Two NRTIs |
4. Answer: D
HAART drug regimens for HIV involve 3 different HIV drugs, which tend to be more effective than a single drug regimen. Choice D, only 2 NRTIs, is not a HAART regimen. In addition to the drug protocols listed in the question (choices A through C), ritonavir and indinavir along with 2 NRTIs, ritonavir and lopinavir along with 2 NRTIs, and ritonavir and saquinavir along with 2 NRTIs are all other examples of HAART drug protocols. |
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3. In patients taking valproic acid for seizure disorder, serum levels should be maintained at:
50 to 100 mcg/mL 20 to 80 mcg/mL 10 to 20 mcg/mL 4 to 12 mcg/mL |
3. Answer: A
The therapeutic serum levels for valproic acid is between 50 and 100 mcg/mL. Clonazepam therapeutic serum levels are between 20 and 80 ng/mL. Carbamazepine should be maintained at serum levels of 4 to 12 mcg/mL, and phenytoin should be maintained at serum levels of 10 to 20 mcg/mL. |
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2. Losartan works by
preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II blocking beta receptors in the heart to slow the heart rate blocking alpha receptors in the heart to lessen contractility of the heart removing fluid from the circulatory system through the urine |
2. Answer: A
Losartan is an ACE inhibitor and works by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, to lower blood pressure. In addition, it is an effective vasoconstrictor. Beta-blockers and alpha-blockers block beta and alpha receptors, respectively. Diuretics remove excess fluid from the circulatory system through the urine |
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1. What is autogenic training?
Using imagery to deal with a stressful situation Biofeedback training Meditation Repeating certain phrases over and over again to promote positive thinking |
1. Answer: D
Repeating certain positive phrases over and over again to promote positive thinking is known as autogenic training. Imagery is thinking about beautiful or happy places or things to encourage relaxation. Sitting quietly and focusing on your breathing or on clearing your mind is known as meditation. Biofeedback trains users to recognize small physical changes that indicate stress or discomfort so that they can intervene early and alleviate their symptoms. |
