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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Law of Conservation of Mass (Antoine Lavosier)
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The total mass remains constant during a chemical reaction.
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Law of Definite Proportions (Joseph Proust)
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All samples of a cmpounds have the same composition, or all samples have the same proportions, by mass, of the elements present.
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Law of Multiple Proportions (John Dalton)
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In two or more compunds of the same two elements, the masses of one element that combine witha fixes mass of the second elment are in the ratio of small numbers.
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Dalton's Atomic Theory to explain Laws
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1. Matter is compposed of atoms; tiny, indivisible particles. 2. All atoms of a given element are the same. 3. Atoms of one element differ froma toms of other elements. 4. Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements unite in fixed proportions. 5. A chemical reaction involves rearrangement of atoms. No atoms are created, destroyed, or broken apart.
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Subatomic Particles
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Protons, Neutrons (located in the nucleous), and Electrons (oribting around the nucleus in shells)
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AMU
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(u) = 112 the mass of a C-12 atom. 1 u = 1.66054 X 10^-24g
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Atoms are electrically neutral. What does this mean?
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The number of protons equals the number of electrons
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Isotopes
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atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
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Atomic Mass
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Represented by Z - the number of protons in the nucleus of a given atom of a given element.
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Mass Number
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Represented b A - an integral number that is the sum of the numbers of portons and neutrons in an atom.
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How do you know the number of neutrons?
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A - Z
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How are symbols written?
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E is element, A on top and Z on bottom (next to E)
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What gives us the identification of the element?
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The Atomic Number (Z)
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Metals
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Elements left of the zig-zag line in the periodic table
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Non-metals
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To the right of the line, including noble gases.
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Metalloids
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Elements that touch the zig-zag line, except Aluminum
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