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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CT mechanism
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Computer reconstructed cross sectional images from X-ray
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CT indications
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Trauma, skull fracture, acute stroke, spinal trauma
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CT types
(7) |
1. Spiral CT - angiography and perfusion
2. Brain scans in upper regions 3. Temporal bone CT - hearing loss 4. Spine CT - trauma, pain 5. Skull CT 6. Face CT - 3D reconstruction 7. MIP - maximal intensity projection 3D slice of angiogram |
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When to use CT?
(7) |
1. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
2. Acute trauma 3. Acute infarction 4. Calcification 5. Bone lesions 6. Spinal stenosis 7. Anoxic injury in a neonate |
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MRI mechanism
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Computer reconstructed cross section of NMR data from H+ nuclei in fat and H20 molecules
- Most often combined with contrast (Gd-DTPA)- |
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MRI indications
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Stroke, infections, tumors, meningeal processes, congenital and cord lesions
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MRI types
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T1 scan (bone light, fluid dark)
T2 scan (bone dark, fluid light) FLAIR scan (lesions/abnormalities show up light) Spine MRI (sagittal) MR angiography - very detailed for stenosis or tumor MR spectroscopy - hydrogen spectrum of brain tissues for NT's and composition Functional MRI - pre-surgery to determine location of brain functional regions |
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MRI contradictions
(8) |
1. Metal foreign object
2. Metal cerebral aneurysm clip 3. Cardiac pacemaker 4. Cochlear implants 5. Critical illness 6. Uncooperative patients 7. Neural stimulator wire 8. Pregnancy ???? |
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When to use MRI
(8) |
1. Tumor
2. Hematoma 3. Infarction 4. Hydrocephalous 5. CN lesions 6. Brain scan near bone 7. Spinal cord lesions 8. Anywhere else not for CT |
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Plain films
(mechanism/indication) |
Mechanism - X-rays flashed onto intensifying screen to expose radiation film
Indication - few - spine, skull trauma, bone lesions |
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Myelography
(mechanism/indication) |
Mechanism - contrast injected into the subarachnoid space to see nerves/roots
Indication - few - spinal stenosis, trauma, tumor, infection |
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Arteriography
(mechanism/indication) |
Mechanism - inject contrast into artery while recording data on serial PF's or TV
Indications - few - mainly used in small vessels for specific arterial areas |
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PET
(mechanism/indication) |
Mechanism - radiotracers with positron emitters given and measured via a 3D imaging system. 18-F-deoxyglucose is broken down faster in more metabolically active cells to emit a signal.
Indications - stroke, epilepsy, tumors, dementia |
