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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does the Oculomotor Nucleus (CN III) reside?
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Superior Colliculus of Midbrain
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Where does the Trochlear Nucleus (CN IV) reside?
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Inferior Colliculus of Midbrain
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Edinger-Westphal Nucleus is found in which cranial nerve?
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Cranial Nerve III
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What are some components of the midbrain?
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Nuclei of CN III, IV, V
-Superior/Inferior Colliculus -Superior Medullary Vellum -Mesencephalic Nucleus of CN IV |
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What are the components of the Pons?
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Nuclei of CN V, VI, VII
-Motor Nucleus of CN V -Abducent Nucleus of CN VI -Superior Salivatory Nucleus of CN VII -Motor Facial Nucleus of CN VII -Principal Sensory Nucleus of CN V -Nucleus of Spinal Tract of CN V (subnucleus rostralis) |
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What are some of the components of the Medulla?
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CN V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII
-Inferior Salivatory Nucleus of CN IX -Nucleus ambigus of CN XI, CN X, CN IX -Hypoglossal Nucleus of CN XII -Dorsal Motor Nucleus of CN XII -Cochlear area of CN VIII -Vestibular area of CN VIII -Nucleus of Spinal tract of CN V -Nucleus of Solitary tract (used by CN VII, CN XI, and CN X) |
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Where is the Inferior Salivatory Nucleus found?
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Medulla
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Where is the Superior Salivatory Nucleus found?
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Pons
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Name the CN's that have BOTH motor and sensory innervations
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-Trigeminal (CN V)
-Facial (CN VII) -Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) -Vagus (CN X) |
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Name the CN's that have just SENSORY innervations
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-Olfactory (CN I)
-Optic (CN II) -Vestibulocochlear (VIII) |
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Name the CN's that have just MOTOR innervations
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-Oculomotor (CN III)
-Trochlear (CN IV) -Abducens (CN VI) -Accessory (CN XI) -Hypoglossal (CN XII) |
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Superior colliculi of the mid-midbrain contains what?
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-CN III
-Superior Colliculi of the mid-midbrain -Cerebral peduncles |
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Inferior colliculus of caudal midbrain contains what?
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-CN IV
-Cerebral peduncles |
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Mid pons contains what?
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-CN V
-4th Ventricle |
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Caudal pons contains what?
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-CN VII (nucleus of VII behind pons)
-CN VI -4th Ventricle |
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Rostral medulla contains what?
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-CN IX
-CN VIII -Olives -Pyramids -4th Ventricle -LCST |
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Middle medulla contains what?
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-CN X
-CN XII -Olives -Pyramids |
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Caudal medulla contains what?
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-Sensory and Motor for CN X
-Pyramidal decussation (cross at caudal medulla) |
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What is the function of CN I?
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Smell
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What is the function of CN II?
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Vision
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What is the function of CN III?
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LMN: innervates 4 extraocular muscles (sup, inf, medial rectus; inferior oblique), straited muscle of eyelid (levator palpebrae sup)
Parasym: Pupillary constriction (sphincter pup muscle), accomodation of lens (ciliary body muscle) for near vision |
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What is the function of CN IV?
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LMN: innervates one extraocular muscle (superior oblique muscle)
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What is the function of CN V?
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Sensory: from most of face, including skin, cornea, sinuses, most of oral cavity (teeth, anterior 2/3 of tongue, muscles of face, jaws (proprioception from TMJ joint))
LMN: muscles of mastication, plus tensor tympani, tensor palati, myolohyoid, anterior belly of digastric m |
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What is the clinical exam used for CN I?
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Various odors applied to each nostril
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What is the clinical exam used for CN II?
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Visual acuity, visual fields
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What is the clinical exam for CN III?
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Movements of eyes (medial and vertical) and of upper eyelid
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What is the clinical exam for CN IV?
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Downward movement of adducted eye
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What is the clinical exam for CN V?
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-Test sensation from face, light touch by cotton swab, 2 point tactile by caliper, pain by pinprick, hot and cold test tubes, corneal reflex by touching cornean, jaw jerk reflex by tapping chin (sensory)
-Jaw movements (LMN) |
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Typical dysfunction of CN I?
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Loss of smell (anosmia)
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Typical dysfunction of CN II?
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Loss of vision (anopia)
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Typical dysfunction of CN III?
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Double vision (diplopia), deviation of eye outward (lateral strabismus), drooping eyelid (ptosis) (LMN dysfxn)
Dilated fixed pupil (mydriasis), disruption of near vision, accomodation (PARASYM dysfcn) |
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Typical dysfunction of CN IV?
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Double vision (diplopia), difficulty walking downstairs, compensatory head tilt, leading to neck problems
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Typical dysfunction of CN V?
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Decreased sensitivity of numbness of face, brief attacks of severe pain (trigeminal neuralgia) (SENSORY dysfcn)
Weakness and washing of jaw muscles, assymetric chewing (LMN dysfcn) |
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Function of Abducens Nerve
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LMN: innervates one extraocular muscle (lateral rectus m)
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Pressure from the anterior direction of the spinal chord, such as herniation of disc, will show first symptoms where?
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Sacral nerves
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Fasiculus Gracilis
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Lower body ("graceful legs")
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Fasiculus Cuneatus
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Upper body
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Hypoglossal Nerve
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Purely motor
Nucleus of this nerve contains cell bodies of LMN who axons exit ventrally as a series of rootlets (b/w pyramids and olive) INN skeletal muscle of tons of tongue |
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Damage of hypoglossal nerve results in what?
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ipsilateral LMN paralysis of tongue. tongue when protruded deviates to side of injury
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Vagus Nerve
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Mixed nerve; nucleus ambigus contains cell bodies of LMN to skel muscle of soft palate, pharynx, larynx, and upper esophagus, efferent limb of gag reflex
Dorsal motor nucleus of this nerve: contains preganglionic parasymp fibers to viscera of neck, thorax, upper 2/3 of abdomen Nucleus solitarius: taste from epiglottis, interneurons for visceral reflexes Spinal tract and nucleus of V: general sensory from external ear, larynx, lower pharynx, and upper esophagus |
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Damage to vagus nerve results in what?
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ipsilateral paralysis of soft palate, pharynx, larynx, causing hoarsness of voice, difficulty swallowing, loss of gag reflex
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Syndromes of the middle third of the medulla
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Medial medullary syndrome,
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