.net Framework 70-536

Front 1

System.SByte

Back 1

Bytes:1 Range:-128 to 127

Front 2

System.Byte

Back 2

Bytes:1 Range: 0 to 255

Front 3

System.Int16

Back 3

Bytes:2 Range: -32768 to 32767
Used for Interoperation and other specialized uses (short)

Front 4

short

Back 4

Bytes:2 Range: -32768 to 32767
Used for Interoperation and other specialized uses (System.Int16)

Front 5

System.Int32

Back 5

Bytes:4 Range:-2147483648 to 2147483647

Used for Whole numbers and counters (int)

Front 6

int

Back 6

Bytes:4 Range:-2147483648 to 2147483647

Used for Whole numbers and counters (System.Int32)

Front 7

What are valid key lengths for the RijindaelManaged symmetric cryptography class?

Back 7

128 through 256 bits in 32-bit increments.

Front 8

What are valid key lengths for the DES symmetric cryptography class?

Back 8

56 bits

Front 9

What are valid key lengths for the TripleDES symmetric cryptography class?

Back 9

156 bits which only 112 bits are effectively used for encryption.

Front 10

How do you retrieve a list of supported code pages?

Back 10

EncodingInfo[] ei = Encoding.GetEncodings();
foreach(EncodingInfo e in ei)
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}, {2}", e.CodePage, e.Name, e.DisplayName);

Front 11

AssemblyAlgorithmIdAttribute

Back 11

Used to specify which hash algorithm to use when reading file hashes in the assembly mainifest.

[assembly: AssemblyAlgorithmId(AssemblyHashAlgorithm.MD5)]

Front 12

AssemblyCompanyAttribute

Back 12

Used to specify the company that produced the assembly.

[assembly: AssemblyCompany("Proseware, Inc.")]

Front 13

AssemblyConfigurationAttribute

Back 13

Used to specify which configuration is used for the assembly such as "DEBUG" or "RELEASE".

[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("DEBUG")]

Front 14

AssemblyCopyrightAttribute

Back 14

Used to specify the copyright information for the assembly.

[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright @Proseware, Inc. 2006")]

Front 15

AssemblyInformationalVersionAttribute

Back 15

Used to specify a version that is used just for informational purpose. Runtime never uses it.

Front 16

AssemblyKeyFileAttribute

Back 16

Used to specify the path to a key file to use to sign (or strongly name) this assembly.

[assembly: AssemblyKeyFile("../key.snk")]

Front 17

AssemblyTitleAttribute

Back 17

Used to specify a title for this assembly in the manifest.

[assembly: AssemblyTitle("Proseware.Framework.DataLayer")]

Front 18

AssemblyTrademarkAttribute

Back 18

Used to specify any trademark information about this assembly.

[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("Proseware@")]

Front 19

AssemblyVersionAttribute

Back 19

Used to specify the version of the assembly. The assembly version is made up of four elements followed by a period.

<major version>.<minor version>.<build number>.<revision>

The build number and revision number can be replaced with an asterisk for an autogenerated number. You cannot use an asterisk for build if revision does not have one.

[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.2.*.*")]

Front 20

Example of Getting All Assembly Attributes

Back 20

Assembly a = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

object[] attrs = a.GetCustomAttributes(false);
foreach (Attribute attr in attrs)
{
Console.WriteLine("Attribute: {0}", attr.GetType().Name);
}

Front 21

Example of Retrieving one assembly attribute.

Back 21

Assembly a = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Type attrType = typeof(AssemblyDescriptionAttribute);
object[] version Attrs = a.GetCustomAttributes(attrType, false);
if (versionAttrs.Length > 0)
{
AssemblyDescriptionAttribute desc = (AssemblyDescriptionAttribute)versionAttrs[0];
}

Front 22

How do you determine whether your assembly has a particular CAS permission?

Back 22

Don't use demand. Use System.Security.SecurityManager.IsGranted method.

FileIOPermission filePermissions = new FileIOPermission(FileIOPermissionAccess.Read, @"c:\Windows\);
if (SecurityManager.IsGranted(filePermissions) == true)
//
else
//

Front 23

Do you need to check whether the directory exists prior to using Directory.CreateDirectory("")?

Back 23

No, it is unnecessary to test whether a directory already exists before creating it.

Front 24

What is IMembershipCondition?

Back 24

Defines the test to determine whether a code assembly is a member of a code group.

Front 25

System.UInt32

Back 25

Bytes: 4 Range:0 to 4294967295

Positive whole numbers and counters (uint)

Front 26

uint

Back 26

Bytes: 4 Range:0 to 4294967295

Positive whole numbers and counters (System.UInt32)

Front 27

System.Int64

Back 27

Bytes: 8 Range: -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807

Large whole numbers (long)

Front 28

long

Back 28

Bytes: 8 Range: -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807

Large whole numbers (System.Int64)

Front 29

System.Single

Back 29

Bytes:4 -3.402823E+38 to 3.402823E+38

Floating point numbers (float)

Front 30

float

Back 30

Bytes:4 -3.402823E+38 to 3.402823E+38

Floating point numbers (System.Single)

Front 31

System.Double

Back 31

Bytes: 8 -1.79769313486232E+308 to 1.79769313486232E+308

Precise or large floating point numbers.

Front 32

System.Decimal

Back 32

Bytes: 16 -79228162514264337593543950335 to 79228162514264337593543950335 Financial and scientific clacuations requiring great precision.

Front 33

Nullable

Back 33

Value Type

Nullable<bool> b = null;
bool ? b = null;

HasValue and Value.

Front 34

What are the simplest stream classes?

Back 34

StreamWriter and StreamReader

Front 35

Example of writing to a text file using StreamWriter.

Back 35

StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("text.txt");
sw.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
sw.Close();

Front 36

Example of reading from a text file using StreamReader.

Back 36

StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("text.txt");
Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd());
sr.Close();

Front 37

Example of creating a generic type.

Back 37

class Gen<T, U>
{
public T t;
public U u;
public Gen(T _t, U _u)
{
t = _t;
u=_u;
}}

Front 38

What can you rely that any type will have because it inherits from System.Object?

Back 38

ToString, GetType, and Equals.

Front 39

Example of consuming a Generic Type.

Back 39

Gen<double, int> gb = new Gen<double, int>(10.125, 2005);

Front 40

Four types of generic constraints

Back 40

Interface, Base Class, Constructor(parameterless), Reference or Value Type.

Front 41

Example of applying a constraing to a Generic.

Back 41

class CompGen<T> where T : IComparable
{

}

Front 42

How do you raise an event?

Back 42

Create a delegate:
public delegate void MyEventHandler(object sender, EventArgs e);

Create an event member:
public event MyEventHandler MyEvent;

Invoke the delegate within a method when you need to raise the event:
EventArgs e = new EventArgs();
if (MyEvent != null)
{
MyEvent(this, e);
}

Front 43

What is type forwarding?

Back 43

Allows you to move a type from one assembly into another assembly.

[assembly:TypeForwardedTo(typeof(DestLib.TypeA))]

Front 44

What is widening conversion?

Back 44

When destination type can accomodate all possible values from the source type.

int i =1;
doubld d = 1.0001;
d=i;

Front 45

What is narrowing conversion?

Back 45

If the range or precision of the source type exceeds that of the destination type.

Front 46

System.Convert

Back 46

Converts between types that implement the System.IConvertible interface.

Front 47

type.ToString, type.Parse

Back 47

Converts between string and base types; throws exception if the conversion is not possible.

Front 48

type.TryParse, type.TryParseExact

Back 48

Converts from a string to a base type; returns false if the conversion is not possible.

Front 49

What is boxing?

Back 49

Converts a value type to a reference type.

int i=123;
object o = (object) i;

Front 50

What is unboxing

Back 50

Converts a reference type to a value type.

object o = 123;
int i = (int) o;

Front 51

How do you define conversions for your own types?

Back 51

1. Define conversion operators to simplify narrowing and widening conversions between numeric types.
2. Override ToString to provide conversion to strings, and override Parse to provide conversion from strings.
3. Implement System.IConvertible to enable conversion through System.Convert.
4. Implement a TypeConverter class to enable design-time conversion for use in the Visual Studio Properties.

Front 52

Example of defining conversion operators.

Back 52

struct TypeA
{
public int Value;
public static implicit operator TypeA(int arg)
{
TypeA res = new TypeA();
res.Value = arg;
return res;
}
public static explicit operator int(TypeA arg)
{
return arg.Value;
}

Front 53

If there is no valid conversion between two types what should you do when implementing IConvertible?

Back 53

Throw an InvalidCastException

Front 54

ThreadState.Aborted Enum

Back 54

The thread has stopped.

Front 55

ThreadState.AbortRequested Enum

Back 55

The thread has been requested to abort, but the abort is still pending and has not received the ThreadAbortException

Front 56

ThreadState.Background Enum

Back 56

The thread is running as a background thread

Front 57

ThreadState.Running Enum

Back 57

The thread has started.

Front 58

ThreadState.Stopped Enum

Back 58

The thread has stopped.

Front 59

ThreadState.StopRequested Enum

Back 59

The thread is being requested to stop. For internal use only.

Front 60

ThreadState.Suspended Enum

Back 60

The thread has been suspended. Supported for backward compatibility but deprecated.

Front 61

ThreadState.SuspendedRequested Enum

Back 61

The thread has been requested to suspend. Supported for backward compatibility but deprecated.

Front 62

ThreadState.Unstarted Enum

Back 62

The Thread has been created, but the Thread.Start method has not been called.

Front 63

ThreadState.WaitSleepJoin Enum

Back 63

The thread is blocked as a call to Monitor.Wait, Thread.Sleep, or Thread.Join.

Front 64

What are the SslProtocols Enumerations?

Back 64

Default - specifies that either SSL 3.0 or Transport Layer Security (TLS) are acceptable for secure communications,
None - No SSL protocol is specified,
Ssl2 - been superceded by Tls,
Ssl3 - been superceded by Tls,
Tls - Specifies the TLS 1.0 security protocol.

Front 65

What is the most secure connection protocol supported by .Net Framework version 2.0 and its clients?

Back 65

TLS

Front 66

Thread constructors

Back 66

Thread(ParameterizedThreadStart), Thread(ThreadStart),
Thread(ParameterizedThreadStart, Int32) - this is max stack size of thread, and Thread(ThreadStart, Int32)

Front 67

FullTrust

Back 67

Gives code unrestricted access to all protected resources. Skips security checks.

Front 68

SkipVerification

Back 68

Grants rights to bypass the verification.

Front 69

Execution

Back 69

Permits Execution

Front 70

Nothing

Back 70

Denies all resources, including right to execute.

Front 71

LocalIntranet

Back 71

Read Username Environment Variable, File Dialog is unrestrictive, Can use Isolated Storage, Reflection Emit, Code Execution, UI Permission unrestricted, DNS granted, default printing, Event Log instrument.

Front 72

Internet

Back 72

Open File Dialog, use Isolated Storage, Code Execution, UI - windowing and clipboard, Safe Printing

Front 73

Everything

Back 73

All Access

Front 74

SecurityAction.RequestMinimum

Back 74

Used for declarative security. Requires a permission for your assembly to run. If your assembly lacks the specified CAS permission, the runtime throws a System.Security.Policy.PolicyException.

Front 75

SecurityAction.RequestOptional

Back 75

Refuses all permissions not listed in a SecruityAction.RequestOptional or SecurityAction.RequestMinimum declaration. Defining permissions with this action ensures that your application will have no more permissions than those you have declared. If your assembly lacks the requested CAS permission, the runtime does not throw an excpetion so use combination of RequestOptional and RequestMinimum.

Front 76

SecurityAction.RequestRefuse

Back 76

Reduces the permissions assigned to your app. Use this type of declaration to ensure that your app does not have access to critical resources. This does not cause the runtime to throw an exception.

Front 77

You need to write text to a file. What it the most efficient way to use the TextWriter class?

Back 77

FileStream fs = new FileStream("Hi.dat", FileMode.Create);
TextWriter tw = new StreamWriter(fs);
tw.Write("Hello, World");
tw.Close();
fs.Close();

TextWriter class does not have a constructor. Instead you should create it using StreamWriter contructor and pass in a FileStream.

Front 78

Windows Services - LocalService

Back 78

Runs in the context of an account that acts as a nonprivileged user on the local computer, and presents anonymous credentials to any remote server. Use to minimize security risks.

Front 79

Windows Services - NetworkService

Back 79

Enables the service to authenticate to another computer on the network. This authentication is not required for anonymous connections, such as most connections to a Web server.

Front 80

Windows Services - LocalSystem

Back 80

The service runs with almost unlimited privileges and presents the computer's credentials to any remote server.

Front 81

Windows Services - User

Back 81

Default. Causes the system to prompt for a valid user name and password when the service is installed.

Front 82

FileSystemInfo Class

Back 82

Provides the basic functionality for all informational file system classes.

Front 83

FileInfo Class

Back 83

Provides the basic functionality to access and manipulate a single file in the file system.

Front 84

FileInfo Properties

Back 84

Directory - Gets DirectoryInfo object that represents the directory that this file is stored within;
DirectoryName, IsReadOnly, and Length.

Front 85

FileInfo Methods

Back 85

AppendText - Creates a new StreamWriter that will allow appending text to a file;
CopyTo - Makes a copy of the file in a new location;
Create - Creates a file based on the current file information;
CreateText - Creates a new StreamWriter and a new file for writing text.
MoveTo - Moves a file to a new location;
Open - Opens the file with specified prvileges;
OpenRead - Opens file with read-only access.
OpenText - Opens the file and returns a StreamReader to allow reading of text within the file.
OpenWrite - Opens the file with write-only access.
Replace - Replaces a file with the file that is described in the current FileInfo object.

Front 86

Example of copying a file using FileInfo.

Back 86

FileInfo ourFile = new FileInfo(@c"c:\boot.ini");

ourFile.CopyTo(@"c:\boot.bak");

Front 87

DirectoryInfo Class

Back 87

Provides the basic functionality to access and manipulate a single directory in the file system.

Front 88

DirectoryInfo Properties

Back 88

Parent - Gets the DirectoryInfo object for the parent directory.
Root - Gets the root part of the directory's path as a DirectoryInfo object.

Front 89

DirectoryInfo Methods

Back 89

Create - Creates the directory described in the current DirectoryInfo object,
CreateSubdirectory, GetDirectories - Retrieves an array of DirectoryInfo objects, GetFiles - Retrieves an array of FileInfo objects, GetFileSystemInfos - Retrieves an array of FileSystemInfo objects that represent both files and subdirectories in the current directory, MoveTo - Moves the current directory to a new location.

Front 90

Example of Enumerating Files in a Directory using DirectoryInfo.

Back 90

DirectoryInfo ourDir = new DirectoryInfo(@"c:\windows");
foreach(FileInfo file in ourDir.GetFiles())
{
Consoloe.WriteLine("File: {0}", file.Name);
}

Front 91

DriveInfo Class

Back 91

Models a drive and provides methods and properties to query for drive information.

Front 92

DriveInfo properties

Back 92

AvailableFreeSpace, DriveFormat, DriveType - DriveType enumeration, IsReady, Name, RootDirectory - Gets DirectoryInfo object that represents the root directory of the drive, TotalFreeSpace, TotalSize and VolumeLabel (only can be set on drives that are not readonly).

Front 93

DriveInfo methods

Back 93

GetDrives - static method that returns all the drives on the current system.

Front 94

Example of enumerating drives

Back 94

DriveInfo[] drives = DriveInfo.GetDrives();

foreach(DriveInfo drive in drives)
{
}

Front 95

Path Class

Back 95

Provides methods for manipulating a file system path.

Front 96

Path methods (important)

Back 96

All static methods. ChangeExtension, Combine - combines two compatible path strings, GetTempFileName - Generates a temporary file in the file system and returns the full path to the tile.

Front 97

FileSystemWatcher Properties

Back 97

EnableRaisingEvents, Filter - file filter to determine which files to watch, IncludeSubdirectories, NotifyFilter, Path.

Front 98

FileSystemWatcher Method

Back 98

WaitForChanged - Synchronous method for watching a directory for changes and returning a structure that contains all the changes.

Front 99

FileSystemWatcher Events

Back 99

Changed, Created, Deleted, Error and Renamed.

Front 100

Stream Methods

Back 100

Close, Flush, Read - performs sequential read of a specified number of bytes from the current position, ReadByte, Seek, SetLength, Write, WriteByte.

Front 101

Example of dumping contents of a stream to the console.

Back 101

static void DumpStream(Stream theStream)
{
theStream.Position = 0;
while(theStream.Position != theStream.Length)
{Console.WriteLine("{0:x2}", theStream.ReadByte());
}

Front 102

Example of appending information to a stream.

Back 102

static void AppendToStream(Stream the Stream, byte[] data)
{
theStream.Position = theStream.Length;
theStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
}

Front 103

File.AppendAllText

Back 103

Appends a specified string into an existing file, alternatively creating the file if it does not exist.

Front 104

File.AppendText

Back 104

Opens a file (or creates a new file if one does not exist) and returns a StreamWriter that is prepared to allow text to be appended to the file

Front 105

File.Copy

Back 105

Copies a file to a new file. The new file must not exist for the Copy to be successful.

Front 106

File.Create

Back 106

Creats a new file and returns a FileStream object.

Front 107

File.CreateText

Back 107

Creates or opens a file and returns a StreamWriter object that is ready to have text written to it.

Front 108

File.Move

Back 108

Moves a file from one place to another.

Front 109

File.Open

Back 109

Opens an existing file and returns a FileStream object.

Front 110

File.OpenRead

Back 110

Opens an existing file and returns a read-only FileStream object.

Front 111

File.OpenText

Back 111

Opens an existing file and returns a StreamReader object.

Front 112

File.OpenWrite

Back 112

Opens an existing file for writing and returns a StreamWriter object.

Front 113

FileAccess Enumeration Members

Back 113

Read - ReadOnly, Write - WriteOnly no read, ReadWrite - full access to file.

Front 114

FileMode Enumeration Members

Back 114

Append, Create - creates a new file (if the file already exists it is overwritten), CreateNew - Creates a new file (if file already exists an exception is thrown), Open - opens existing file (if file does not exist an exception is thrown), OpenOrCreate - Opens an existing file (If file does not exist, it creates a new file), Truncate.

Front 115

FileStream Methods other than inherited methods from stream.

Back 115

Lock - Prevents other processes from changing all or part of the file; Unlock.

Front 116

StreamReader class

Back 116

Provides the basic functionality to read data from a Stream derived class.

Front 117

StreamReader properties

Back 117

BaseStream - Gets the underlying stream that the reader is writing into, CurrentEncoding, EndOfStream - Determines whether the reader has encounterd the end of the stream.

Front 118

StreamReader methods

Back 118

Close, Peek, Read, ReadBlock, ReadLine, ReadToEnd.

Front 119

Example of Opening a file.

Back 119

FileStream theFile = File.Open(@"c:\boot.ini", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);

Front 120

Example of reading a file using FileStream and StreamReader.

Back 120

FileStream theFile = File.Open(@"c:\boot.ini", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);

StreamReader rdr = new StreamReader(theFile);
Console.Write(rdr.ReadToEnd());
rdr.Close();
theFile.Close();

Front 121

Example of reading a file using StreamReader and a static method from File.

Back 121

StreamReader rdr = File.OpenText(@"c:\boot.ini");
Console.Write(rdr.ReadToEnd());
rdr.Close();

Front 122

StreamWriter properties

Back 122

AutoFlush - Gets or sets an indicator that shows whether every call to the Write method should flush changes to the underlying stream., BaseStream, Encoding, NewLine - Line terminator string.

Front 123

StreamWriter methods

Back 123

Close, Write, WriteLine

Front 124

Example of opening a file for writing.

Back 124

FileStream theFile = File.Create(@"c:\somefile.txt");

Front 125

Writing to a file using FileStream and StreamWriter.

Back 125

FileStream theFile = File.Create(@"c:\somefile.txt");
StreamWriter writer = new StreamWrither(theFile);
writer.WriteLine("Hello");
writer.Close();
theFile.Close();

Front 126

Writing to a file using StreamWriter and static method of File.

Back 126

StreamWriter writer - File.CreateText(@"c:\somefile.txt");
writer.WriteLine("Hello");
writer.Close();

Front 127

StringReader and StringWriter

Back 127

Write to and read from in-memory strings.

Front 128

BinaryReader and BinaryWriter

Back 128

Write and read binary data from streams

Front 129

Example of using BinaryWriter.

Back 129

FileStream newFile = File.Create(@"c:\somefile.bin");
BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(newFile);
writer.write("hello");
writer.Close();

Front 130

MemoryStream properties not inherited from Stream

Back 130

Capacity - Gets/Sets the number of bytes allocated for the stream.

Front 131

MemoryStream methods

Back 131

GetBuffer - Retrieves the array of unsigned bytes that were used to create the stream. ToArray - Writes the entire stream to an array of bytes. WriteTo - Writes the memoryStream to another stream

Front 132

Example of using MemoryStream

Back 132

MemoryStream memStrm = new MemoryStream();

StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(memStrm);
writer.WriteLine("Hello");

Front 133

When might you use a memory stream?

Back 133

To limit the time a file is open for writing (because it locks the file).

Front 134

Example of using MemoryStream to limit the time a file is open for writing.

Back 134

MemoryStream memStrm = new MemoryStream();

StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(memStrm);
writer.WriteLine("Hello");
writer.Flush();
FileStream theFile = File.Create(@"c:\inmemory.txt");
memStrm.WriteTo(theFile);
writer.Close();
theFile.Close();
memStrm.Close();

Front 135

BufferedStream class

Back 135

Provides the basic functionality to wrap streams to improve performance by buffering reads and writes through the stream.

Front 136

Example of using BufferedStream

Back 136

FileStream newFile = File.Create(@"c:\test.txt");
BufferedStream buffered = new BufferedStream(newFile);
StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(buffered);
writer.WriteLine("Some data");
writer.Close();

Front 137

Example of compressing data with a compression stream

Back 137

FileStream sourceFile = File.OpenRead(inFilename);
FileStream destFile = File.Create(outFilename);
GZipStream compStream = new GZipStream(destFile, CompressionMode.Compress);

int theByte = sourceFile.ReadByte();
while (theByte != -1)
{
compStream.WriteByte((byte)theByte);
theByte = sourceFile.ReadByte();
}

Front 138

IsolatedStorageFile Class

Back 138

Provides basic functionality to create files and folders in isolated storage.

Front 139

IsolatedStorageFile methods (static)

Back 139

All are static. GetMachineStoreForApplication, GetMachineStoreForAssembly, GetMachineStoreForDomain, GetStore - Retrieves stores whose scope is based on the IsolatedStorageScope numberator, GetUserStoreForApplication, GetUserStoreForAssembly, GetUserStoreForDomain.

Front 140

IsolatedStorageFile methods (not static)

Back 140

Close, CreateDirectory, DeleteDirectory, DeleteFile, GetDirectoryNames, GetFileNames, Remove.

Front 141

Example of creating a Store for Isolated Storage.

Back 141

IsolatedStorageFile machineStorage = IsolatedStorageFile.GetMachineStoreForAssembly();

Front 142

IsolatedStorageFileStream class

Back 142

Encapsulates a stream that is used to read, write and create files in isolated storage. This class derives from the FileStream class.

Front 143

Example of writing to IsolatedStorage.

Back 143

IsolatedStorageFile userStore = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForAssembly();
IsolatedStorageFileStream userStream = new IsolatedStorageFileStream("UserSettings.set", FileMode.Create, userStore);

StreamWriter userWriter = new StreamWriter(userStream);
userWriter.WriteLine("User Prefs");
userWriter.Close();

Front 144

How to determine if a file exists in Isolated Storage.

Back 144

IsolatedStorageFile userStore = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForAssembly();

string[] files = userStore.GetFileNames("UserSettings.set");
if (files.Length == 0)
{
}
else...

Front 145

You need complete control over how serialized data is formatted. What interface should you use?

Back 145

IFormatter

Front 146

You are writing an application that requires the user to open a second app named "Application.exe", make a configuration change, and then close the app. You want to automatically launch the application for the user,and then wait undefinitely until the user closes the application. How would you code this?

Back 146

Process p = new Process();
p.StartInfo.FileName = "Application.exe";
p.Start();
p.WaitForExit();

Front 147

You are writing a multithreaded application, and multiple threads need to read and write the same file. At times, a thread will need to read from the file, and then immediately write to the file. What it the most efficient way to handle this is the thread?

Back 147

Create a ReaderWriterLock object and call ReaderWriterLock.AcquireReadLock.
Perform the reads.
Call ReaderWriterLock.UpgradeToWriterLock and perform the writes.

Front 148

IComparer interface

Back 148

Implement Compare method that returns an integer. < 0 left-hand object is less than the right-hand object. o = equal and > 0 left-hand object is more than right hand object.

Front 149

What should you use to iterate through a dictionary?

Back 149

DictionaryEntry

Front 150

What do you need to do to generate your own HashCode for a HashTable?

Back 150

Override GetHashCode, Overrid Equals.

Front 151

IEqualityComparer Interface

Back 151

Hashtable class supports a constructor that can accept an instance of the IEqualityComparer interface as an argument. Supports two methods GetHashCode and Equals.

Front 152

CollectionUtils.CreateCaseInsensitiveHashtable() and CollectionUtils.CreateCaseInsensitiveSortedList()

Back 152

Creates case insensitive hashtable or sortedlist respecitively.

Front 153

How do you modify MS Widnows access control security for a named mutex?

Back 153

Create an instance of the Mutex class. Create and instance of the MutexSecurity class using Mutex.GetAccessControl(). Add access rules to the MutexSecurityClass. Call Mutex.SetAccessControl()

Front 154

What identifies both the user's current domain and login name?

Back 154

WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent()

Front 155

Example of Serializing an object using BinaryFormatter.

Back 155

FileStream fs = new FileStrieam("SerializedData.Data", FileMode.Create);
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
bf.Serialize(fs, System.DateTime.Now);
fs.Close();

Front 156

Example of Deserializing an object using BinaryFormatter.

Back 156

FileStream fs = new FileStream("SerializedDate.Data", FileMode.Open);
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
DateTime previousTime = new DateTime();
previousTime = (DateTime) bf.Deserialize(fs);
fs.Close();

Front 157

Explain the inner workings of deserialization.

Back 157

While deserializing if an object references another object, the Formatter queries the ObjectManager to determine whether the referenced object has already been deserialized, or whether it has not been deserialized. If it has not been deserialized the Formatter registers a fixup with the ObjectManager. It finalizes the object referece after the referenced object has been deserialized.

Front 158

How can you serialize and deserialize custom classes?

Back 158

By adding the Serializable attribute to the class.

Front 159

IDeserializationCallback interface

Back 159

OnDeserialization method, runtime calls method after deserialization is complete

Front 160

Example of using XML to Serialize an object.

Back 160

FileStream fs = new FileStream("SerializedDate.XML", FileMode.Create);
XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(DateTime));
xs.Serialize(fs, System.dateTime.Now);
fs.Close();

Front 161

Example of using XML to Deserialize an object.

Back 161

FileStream fs = new FileStream("SerializedDate.XML", FileMode.Open);
XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(DateTime));
DateTime previousTime = (DateTime)xs.Deserialize(fs);
fs.Close();

Front 162

How do you create classes that can be serialized by using XML Serialization?

Back 162

1. Specify the class as public.
2. Specify all members that must be serialized as public.
3. Create a parameterless constructor.

Note: classes do not have to have the Serializable attribute.

Front 163

How do you take complete control over XML serialization?

Back 163

Implement IXmlSerializable interface and override the ReadXml and WriteXml methods to control the XmlReader and XmlWriter classes.

Front 164

How do you override the serialization built into the .Net Framework?

Back 164

By implementing ISerializable interface and applying the Serializable attribute to the class.

Front 165

What does implementing ISerializable involve?

Back 165

Implementing the GetObjectData method and a special constructor that is used when the object is deserialized.

Front 166

For a method to respond to an ISerializable event what requirements must it meet?

Back 166

1. Accept a StreamingContext object as a parameter.
2. Return void
3. Have the attribute that matches the event you want to intercept.

Front 167

Give an example of how to create an object that responds to serialization events.

Back 167

[Serializable]
class ShoppingCartItem
{
public Int32 productId;
public decimal price;
public Int32 quantity;
public decimal total;
[OnSerializing]
void CalculateTotal(StreaminContext sc)
{total = price * quantity;
}
[OnDeserialized]
void CheckTotal(StreamingContext sc)
{
if(total==0){CaluclateTotal(sc);}}}

Front 168

Events are supported by which Formatters?

Back 168

BinaryFormatter. Soap and custom formatters you are limited to the IDeserializationCallback interface.

Front 169

What is StreamingContext?

Back 169

Provides information about the destination of a serialized object.

Front 170

How do you create a custom formatter?

Back 170

Implement the IFormatter or IGenericFormatter interface.

Front 171

Thread Methods

Back 171

Abort - Raises a ThreadAbortException on the thread to indicate that the thread should be aborted.
Interrupt - Raises a ThreadInterruptedException when a tread is in a blocked state (ThreadState.WaitSleepJoin). If the thread never blocks, the interruption never happens; Join - blocks the calling thread until the thread terminates. Start - Sets a thread to be scheduled for executions

Front 172

Static Thread Properties

Back 172

CurrentContext - Gets the current ThreadContext object related to the current thread; CurrentPrincipal - Gets/Sets the user associated with the current thread. CurrentThread - Gets the current running thread.

Front 173

Example of creating a Thread

Back 173

ThreadStart operation = new ThreadStart(SimpleWork);
Thread theThread = new Thread(operation);
theThread.Start();

Front 174

How do you make your application wait for a thread to complete?

Back 174

myThread.Join();

Front 175

What should the method look like when you use ParameterizedThreadStart?

Back 175

method must have a single parameter of type object and return nothing

Front 176

Interlocked Methods

Back 176

All are static. Add - Adds two integers as an atomic operation. Can be used for subtraction by adding a negative integer.
Decrement - Subtracts one from a value as an atomic operation. Exchange - Swaps two values as an atomic operatio. Increment - Adds one to a value as an atomic operation. Read - Reads a 64-bit number as an atomic operation. Required for 32-bit systems because 64-bit numbers are represented as two pieces of information.

Front 177

What is the main problem with the Interlocked class?

Back 177

Only works with a small set of .NET Types. Can only be used for single operations (?).

Front 178

Why would you use a synchronization lock?

Back 178

To lock more than one piece of code.

Front 179

How do you increment a performance counter?

Back 179

PerformanceCounter hitCounter = new PerformanceCounter("ApplicationPerformance", "HitCounter");
hitCounter.ReadOnly = false;
hitCounter.Increment();

Front 180

What method should you use to generate a hash value for the dataArray object?

Back 180

hash.ComputeHash(dataArray);

Front 181

Which compression method should you use for compressing without cyclic redundancy?

Back 181

DeflateStream

Front 182

What is the third parameter o the DeflateStream or GZipStream constructor?

Back 182

Boolean representing whether or not to keep the stream open.

Front 183

You need to display the file names of all libraries referenced by the current process. How do you do this?

Back 183

foreach (ProcessModule library in Process.GetCurrentProcess().Modules)
Console.WriteLine(library.FileName);

Front 184

Example of adding two threads to the tread pool and waiting for one to complete before processing the other.

Back 184

WaitCallback cbRetrieve = new WaitCallback( RetrieveDat);
WaitCallback cbProcess = new WaitCallback( ProcessData);
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(cbRetrieve);
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(cbProcess);

Front 185

Example of encoding a UTF-32 encoded string into an ASCII-encode byte array.

Back 185

public byte[] ASCIIEncode(string regionalData){
ASCIIEncoding aEncode = new ASCIIEncoding();
return aEncode.GetBytes(regionalData);
}

Front 186

You wnat to create a custom event log on the server ApplicationServer. What code would you use to create a custom event log on ApplicationServer?

Back 186

EventSourceCreationData sourceData = new EventSourceCreationData("Application1", "Profile");
sourceData.MachineName = "ApplicationServer";
EventLog.CreateEventSource( sourceData);

Front 187

How do you launch an application with command line arguments?

Back 187

Process myProcess = new Process();
myProcess.StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo ("App.exe");
myProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = "sample.txt";
myProcess.Start();

Front 188

Your application needs to load a very large file and performance is a must when deserializing what method should you use?

Back 188

UnsafeDeserialize

Front 189

What 3 classes should you use to create a secure data stream?

Back 189

TcpClient, SslStream and X509Certificate

TcpClient clientCon = new TcpClient(serverName, 443);
SslStream clientStream = new SslStream (clientCon.GetStream());
X509CertificateCollection certificate = new S509CertificateCollection();
certificate.Add(new X509Certificate(certFilePath));
clientStream.AuthenticateAsCleint("server", certificate, SslProtocols.Default,true);

Front 190

Example of synchronization lock.

Back 190

public void UpdateCount()
{
lock (this)
{
_count = _count + 1;
if ((count % 2 ==0)
{
_eventCount = _eventCount +1;
}}}

Front 191

What does the synchronization lock require?

Back 191

That you use an object.

Front 192

What should you use instead of synchronization locks if you need more control?

Back 192

Montior Class

Front 193

What is the synchronization locks underneath the covers?

Back 193

Use the Monitor Classes.

Front 194

Monitor Class Methods

Back 194

Static Methods. Enter - Creates an exclusive lock on a specified object. Exit - Releases an exclusive lock on a specified object. TryEnter - Attempts to create an exclusive lock on a specified object; optionally supports a timeout value on acquiring the lock. Wait - Releases an exclusive locak, and blocks the current thread until it can re-acquire the lock.

Front 195

Example of using Monitor class.

Back 195

public void UpdateCount()
{
Monitor.Enter(this);
try
{
_count = _count +1;
if (Counrt % 2 == 0)
{
_evenCount = _evenCount +1;
}
}
finally
{Monitor.Exit(this);
}}

Front 196

What can you do to avoid deadlocking?

Back 196

Use Monitor.TryEnter with timeouts, reduce the amount of code you have loced to reduce the time that a resource is locked.

Front 197

What is a ReaderWriterLock?

Back 197

Allows multiple readers to access the data at the same time, but only a single writer can get a lock on the data. All readers must release their locks before a writer can get a lock on the data.

Front 198

ReaderWriterLock Properties

Back 198

IsReaderLockHeld, IsWriterLockHeld

Front 199

ReaderWriterLock Methods

Back 199

AcquireReaderLock - Gets a reader lock within a specified time. If a lock cannot be granted within the timeout period, and application exception is thrown. AcquireWriterLock - Gets a writer lock within a specified time. If a lock cannot be granted within the timeout period, an application exception is thrown. DowngradeFromWriterLock, ReleaseReaderLock, ReleaseWriterLock, UpgradeToWriterLock.

Front 200

Example of using a reader lock.

Back 200

ReaderWriterLock rwLock = new ReaderWriterLock();
int counter = 0;
try
{
rwLock.AcquireReaderLock(100);
try
{
Console.WriteLine(counter);
}
finally
{
rwLock.ReleaseReaderLock();
}
}
catch(ApplicationException)
{
}

Front 201

Example of using a writer lock.

Back 201

ReaderWriterLock rwLock = new ReaderWriterLock();
int counter = 0;
try
{
rwLock.AcquireWriterLock(1000);
try
{
Interlocked.Increment(ref counter);
}
finally
{
rwLock.ReleaseWriterLock();
}
}
catch(ApplicationException)
{}

Front 202

Example of Upgrading a reader lock to a writer lock.

Back 202

try
{
LockCookie cookie = rwLock.UpgradeToWriterLock(1000);
counter++;
rwLock.DowngradeFromWriterLock(ref cookie);
}
catch(ApplicationException)
{}

Front 203

What are the three kernel objects that allow you to perform thread synchronization?

Back 203

Mutex, Semaphore and Event.

Front 204

What is a Mutex?

Back 204

Allows synchronization (like a lock) across AppDomain and process boundaries.

Front 205

What is a Semaphore?

Back 205

Used to throttle access to a resource to a set number of threads. Supports a certain number of valid slots at once. When the slots are filled, the reamining code will block until a slot is made available by another thread releasing the slot.

Front 206

What is an Event?

Back 206

Provides a way to notify multiple threads (across AppDomain and process boundaries) that some event has occured.

Front 207

What class do Mutex, Semaphore, AutoResetEvent and ManualResetEvent derive from?

Back 207

WaitHandle class

Front 208

WaitHandle Properties

Back 208

Handle - Gets orsets the kernel object's native system handle.

Front 209

WaitHandle Methods

Back 209

Close - Releases all resources used by the current kernel object.
WaitOne - Blocks the current thread until the kernel object is signaled.

Front 210

Example of using a Mutex.

Back 210

Mutex m = new Mutex();
if (m.WaitOne(1000, false))
{
try
{
//some work
}
finally
{
m.ReleaseMutex()
}
}
else
{
// react to not getting the resource
}

Front 211

Example of using a mutex across AppDomains.

Back 211

Mutext theMutex = null;
try
{
theMutex = Mutex.OpenExisting("MYMUTEX");
}
catch (WaitHandleCannotBeOpenedException)
{
}
if (theMutex == null)
{
theMutex = new Mutex(false, "MYMUTEX");
}

Front 212

Example of creating a new instance of the Semaphore class.

Back 212

Allows you the specify the current number of used slots and the number of maximum slots.

Semaphore theSemaphore = new Semaphore(0,10);

Front 213

Example of releasing a Semaphore.

Back 213

When you release a Semaphore you can specify how many slots you want to release.

theSemaphore.Release(5);

Front 214

What are the two states of events?

Back 214

On and Off

Front 215

What are the two types of events?

Back 215

auto reset and manual reset.

Front 216

What is an auto reset event?

Back 216

The first object waiting for the event turns it back to a non-signaled state.

Front 217

What is a manual reset event?

Back 217

Allows all threads that are waiting for it to become unblocked until something manually resets the vent to a nonsignaled state.

Front 218

What class do AutoResetEvent and ManualResetEvent inherit from?

Back 218

EventWaitHandle which itself inherits from the WaitHandle class.

Front 219

Example of creating new instance of both event classes.

Back 219

Allow you to specify the signal state of the event.

AutoResetEvent autoEvent = new AutoResetEvent(true);
ManualResetEvent manualEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);

Front 220

What are the two methods EventWaitHandle supports for working with events?

Back 220

Set = turns event on
Reset = turns event off

Front 221

What must you use instead of AutoResetEvent and ManualResetEvent when opening or creating a named event?

Back 221

EventWaitHandle

Front 222

Example of opening a named event.

Back 222

EventWaitHandle theEvent = null;
try
{
theEvent = EventWaitHandle.OpenExisting("THEEVENT");
}
catch(WaitHandleCannotBeOpenedeException) {}

if (theEvent = null)
{
theEvent = new EventWaitHandle(false, EventResetMode.AutoReset, "THEEVENT");
}

Front 223

Example of Wait-Until-Done model of APM.

Back 223

strm.Read(butter, 0, buffer.Length);
IAsyncResult result = strm.BeginRead(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, null, null);

//do some work here

int numBytes = strm.EndRead(result);

strm.Close();

Front 224

Example of Polling model of APM.

Back 224

IAsyncResult result = strm.BeginRead(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, null, null);

while (!result.IsCompleted)
{
//do some work here
Thread.Sleep(100);
}

int numBytes = strm.EndRead(result);

strm.Close();

Front 225

Example of Callback model of APM.

Back 225

IAsyncResult result = strm.BeginRead(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, new AsyncCallback(CompleteRead), strm);

static void CompleteRead(IAsyncResult result)
{
FileStream strm = (FileStream) result.AsyncState;

int numBytes = strm.EndRead(result);

strm.Close();

Front 226

When are exceptions thrown during APM

Back 226

During the EndXXX call.

Front 227

How do you handle Windows Forms Application Exception Handling for APM?

Back 227

Register for the ThreadException event on the Application class.

Application.ThreadException += new ThreadExceptionEventHandler(Application_ThreadException);
Application.Run(new Form1());

Front 228

Example of using Thread Pool to do work.

Back 228

WaitCallback workItem = new WaitCallback(WorkWithParameter);
if (!ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(workItem, "ThreadPooled"))
{
//Could not queue item.
}

WorkWithParameter = function name; "ThreadPooled" = parameter.

Front 229

When would you want to set the maximum threads in the treadpool and give example of doing so?

Back 229

When you have too many work items and you are reaching the maximum number of threads in the pool.
int threads;
int completionPorts;
ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out threads, out completionPorts);
ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads(threads + 10, compltionPorts+100);

Front 230

When would you want to set the minimum threads in the treadpool and give an example.

Back 230

When the startup costs of using the thread pool are expensive, increasing the minimum can improve performance.

int threads;
int completionPorts;

ThreadPool.GetMinThreads(out threads, out completionPorts);

ThreadPool.SetMinThreads(threads +10, completionPorts + 100);

Front 231

Typically, the ThreadPool limits the number of new threads to be created uring the running of a process to...

Back 231

two per second.

Front 232

What is the mechanism the thread pool uses to wait on WaitHandle handls and fire off callbacks to methods when the WaitHandles are signaled?

Back 232

ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject

Front 233

Example of using ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject

Back 233

Mutex mutex = new Mutex(true);

ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject(mutex, new WaitOrTimerCallback(MutexHasFired), null, Timeout.Infinite, true);
mutex.ReleaseMutex();


static void MutexHasFired(object state, bool timedOut)
{
if (timedOut)
{
}
else{}
}

Front 234

What is the SynchronizationContext class?

Back 234

Allows you to write code without knowing the threading model of the particular app.

Front 235

How do you use the SynchronizationContext class?

Back 235

Get an instance of the SynchronizationContext class by calling the static Current property of the SynchronizationContext class. Call either Send to block until executing thread is complete or Post which is more asynchronous. Depending on threading model and if async is supported or not different results can occur. If async is not supported then both methods will run the code and return after execution.

Front 236

Example of using SynchronizationContext and Send.

Back 236

SynchronizationContext ctx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
ctx.Send(RunMe, "Hi");

Front 237

Example of using SynchronizationContext and Post.

Back 237

SynchronizationContext ctx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
ctx.Post(RunMe, "Hi");

Front 238

How do you temporarily stop a Timer from firing?

Back 238

Call Timer.Change and set the time values to zero.

Front 239

AppDomainSetup Class

Back 239

Configuration Information for a new application domain.

Front 240

AppDomainSetup Property ApplicationBase

Back 240

Gest/Sets the name of the root directory conating the application. When the runtime needs to satisfy a type request, it probes for the assembly containing the type in the directory specified by the ApplicationBase property.

Front 241

Example of using AppDomainSetup when creating an AppDomain.

Back 241

AppDomainSetup ads = new AppDomainSetup();
ads.ApplicationBase = "file://" + System.Environment.CurrentDirectory;

AppDomain d = AppDomain.CreateDomain("New Domain", null, ads);

Front 242

Example of examining the properties for the current application domain.

Back 242

AppDomainSetup ads = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation;

Front 243

How do you implement a Windows Service?

Back 243

1. Modify the ServiceBase.ServiceName property. It is used by the OS to identify the service and can be used to programmatically identify the service.
2. Add code to the OnStart method to setup polling or monitoring. (Enable a timer)
3. Add code to the OnStop method.
4. Optionally override the OnPause, OnContinue and OnShutdown methods If you override these methods set the ServiceBase.CanPauseAndContinue or ServiceBase.CanShutdown to true.

Front 244

What classes does .Net provide for installing a Windows Service?

Back 244

ServiceInstaller and ServiceProcessInstaller.

Front 245

What is ServiceInstaller?

Back 245

Defines service description, display name, service name and start type.

Front 246

What is ServiceProcessInstaller

Back 246

Defines the service account settings (LocalService, NetworkService, LocalSystem, and User).

Front 247

How do you install a service manually?

Back 247

Run InstallUtil yourservice.exe.

Front 248

How do you uninstall your service manually?

Back 248

Run InstallUtil /u yourservice.exe.

Front 249

How do you control Window's Services from an assembly?

Back 249

Use the System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController class.

Front 250

Example of controling Window's Services from an assembly.

Back 250

ServiceController sc = new ServiceController("Server");
sc.Stop();
Thread.Sleep(2000);
sc.Start();

Front 251

ConfigurationUserLevel Enum

Back 251

None - Gets the System.Configuration.Configuration object that applies to all users.
PerUserRoaming - Gets the roaming System.Configuration.Configuration object that applies to the current user.
PerUserRoamingAndLocal - Gets the local System.Configuration.Configuration object that applies to the current user.

Front 252

What do you need to provide when you using one of the openmapped config methods?

Back 252

ExeConfigFileName

Front 253

Example of configuring supportedRuntime.

Back 253

<?xml version ="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v1.1.4322" />
</startup>
</configuration>

Front 254

Rules of supportedRuntime

Back 254

1. If the version of the Framework that the app was built with is present, that version will be used by the app.
2. If the version of the Framework that the app was built with isn't present and nothing is specified in the supportedRuntime version tag, the app will run under the lastest version of the Framework avail on the machine.
3. IIf the version of the Framework that the app was built with isn't present but the config file specifies a supportedRuntime tage will use it.

Front 255

What should you do when you are using a shared assembly and verifying that it works with multiple applications.

Back 255

Add environment path DEVPATH that points to assembly.
<configuration>
<runtime>
<developmentMode developerInstallation="true"/>
</runtime>
</configuration>

Front 256

How do you specify where a certain verson of an assembly is located by using the machine configuration file?

Back 256

<configuration>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="schemaname">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="myprogram"
publicKeyToken="xxxxxxxxx" culture="en-us" />
<codeBase version="x.0.0.0"
href="http://www.adatum.com/myprogram.dll"/>
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
</configuration>

Front 257

Whate are the three categories of cultures?

Back 257

Invariant Culture, Neutral Culture, and Specific Culture.

Front 258

What is an Invariant Culture?

Back 258

Culture-insensitive. Default culture when consistency is desired.

Front 259

What is a Neutral Culture

Back 259

A neutral culture is associated with a language but has no relationship to contries or regions (en) (fr) and (sp)

Front 260

What is a Specific Culture?

Back 260

Most precise, represented by a neutral culture a hyphen and then ta specific culture abbreviation.

Front 261

What are zh-CHS and zh-CHT?

Back 261

Neutral cultures and exception to the rule.

Front 262

How do you detect a user's curent culture information?

Back 262

CultureInfo usersCulture = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;

Front 263

CultureType Enumeration

Back 263

AllCultures, FrameworkCultures, InstalledWin32Cultures, NeutralCultures, ReplacementCultures (custom cultures created by the user that replace cultures shipped with the .Net Framework), SpecificCultures, UserCustomCulture, WindowsOnlyCultures.

Front 264

Example of getting cultures.

Back 264

foreach (CultureInfo usersCulture in CultureInfo.GetCultures(CultureTypes.SpecificCultures))
{}

Front 265

What two properties of the CultureInfo will work with RegionInfo?

Back 265

LCID and Name

Front 266

Example of RegionInfo

Back 266

CultureInfo usersCulture = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
RegionInfo demoRegion = new RegionInfo(usersCulture.Name);

Front 267

Example of using CompareInfo with a CultureInfo

Back 267

String firstString = "Cote";
String secondString = "cote";
CompareInfo demoInfo = new CultureInfo("fr-FR").CompareInfo;

demoInfo.Compare(firstString, secondString, CompareOptions.IgnoreCase)

Front 268

Who can register a custom culture on a PC?

Back 268

An administrator.

Front 269

What reference must be included in order to use CultureAndRegionInfoBuilder?

Back 269

sysglobl.dll

Front 270

CultureAndRegionModifiers Enumeration

Back 270

Neutral, None = a specific supplemental custom culture, Replacement = replaces an existing .Net Framework culture or Windows Locale.

Front 271

What is an assembly?

Back 271

a logical container for Assembly metadata, type metadata, code and resources.

Front 272

What is assembly metadata?

Back 272

Data that is defines the assembly, such as the name, version, strong name, and culture information. Also called the manifest.

Front 273

What is type metadata?

Back 273

All the info that describes what a type looks like, including the namespace and type names, the individual members of a type and their parameters.

Front 274

How do you get the modules returned from an assembly?

Back 274

Assembly a = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

Module[] mods = a.GetModules();
foreach (Module m in mods)
{}

Front 275

How can you get Type objects?

Back 275

From the Assembly Class, from the Module Class, From instances of Object, using the typeof keyword in C#.

Front 276

Example of Getting Types from Assembly object.

Back 276

Assembly a = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Type[] assemblytypes = a.GetTypes();

Front 277

What are all the derived classes of MemberInfo?

Back 277

ConstructorInfo, EventInfo, FieldInfo, LocalVariableInfo, MethodBase - Represents any member that can contain code is the base class for CustructorInfo and MethodInfo, MethodInfo, PropertyInfo, and Type.

Front 278

Example of checking a member type.

Back 278

if (member.MemberType ==MemberTypes.Property)
{
PropertyInfo prop = (PropertyInfo)member;

Front 279

What is the MethodBody class?

Back 279

Container that contains local variable and actual IL. Get a MethodBody by using the GetMethodBody call on a MethodBase instance.

MethodBody body = meth.GetMethodBody();

Front 280

BindingFlags Enumeration

Back 280

DeclaredOnly - Members directly declared on the specific type are included. Inherited members are ignored.
Default - No binding flags are used.
FlattenHierarchy - Declared and inherited members should be returned, but also returns protected members.
IgnoreCase - A case-insensitive matching of the member name should be used.
Instance - Members that are part of an instance of type will be included
NonPublic, Public, Static.

Front 281

Example of using BindingFlags.

Back 281

Type t = typeof(String);
BindingFlage flags = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance;

MemberInfo[] members = t.GetMembers(flags);

foreach(MemberInfo member in members){}

Front 282

Example of creating a Hashtable and adding a row writing the code dynamically.

Back 282

string path = @"c:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v2.0.50727\" + "mscorlib.dll";

Assembly theAssembly = Assembly.LoadFile(path);

Type hashType = theAssembly.GetType("System.Collections.Hashtable");

Type[] argumentTypes = Type.EmptyTypes;
ConstructorInfo ctor = hashType.GetConstructor(argumentTypes);

object newHash = ctor.Invoke(new object[] {});

MethodInfo meth = hashTypye.GetMethod("Add");
meth.Invoke(newHash, new object[] {"Hi", "Hello"});

PropertyInfo prop = hashType.GetProperty("Count");
int count = (int) prop.GetValue(newHash, null);

Front 283

How do you invoke a static member?

Back 283

writeLineMethod.Invoke(null, new object[](count.ToString()});

Pass in null.

Front 284

What are the shortcomings of COM Interop?

Back 284

Lack of support for static/shared members, COM types do not allow parameterized constructores, inheritance and portability.