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160 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Micronesia
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A collection of islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term meaning "tiny islands" is derived from Greek
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Polynesia
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a collection of islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term is derived from Greek and means "many islands"
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Melanesia
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a collection of islands in the pacific ocean. The term is derived from Greek, meaning "black islands", a reference to the darker skin pigmentation of the majority of the population
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Tok Pisin
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an indigenous language of papau new guinea. a combination of pidgin english and melanesian
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garamut
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a slit drum from papaua new guinea
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kundu
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an hourglass-shaped drum from papua new guinea
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susap
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a mouth harp from papua new guinea
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lamellophone
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a type of idiophone that uses vibrating lamellae or strips of material, usually metal to produce sound
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kilu
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a small drum from hawaii, usually made from a coconut shell with a fish skin face
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hula pahu
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hawaiian dance songs using drum accompaniment
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pahu
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a single headed cylindirical membranophone from hawaii that stands vertically on a carved footed base
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mele
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poetic texts used in hawaiian drum dance chant
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portamento
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a smooth, uninterrupted glide from one pitch to another
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vibrato
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a wavering tone, regular fluctuation of pitch or density
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hola mai pele
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a film that shows hawaiian dances that respect and worship the gods, they believe in and respect nature and the natural way of things, and find god-like qualities in onesself
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pele
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in hawaiian mythology, pele is the goddess of fire, lightning, dance, volcanoes, and violence
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hi'iaka
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she was the patron goddess of hawaii and the hula dancers
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lohi'au
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a hawaiian mythical god
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antilles
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the islands of the caribbean, excluding the bahamas
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mummer
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a type of street actor, usually in english-derived performances staged during the Christmas season
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vodou
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an animalistic belief system found primarily in haiti
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rara
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processions of singers and players who go from one sacred spot to another during the period between carnival and the onset of Easter
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loa
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deity, the psirits of the voodoo religion practiced in haiti
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shango
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a yoruba name for the god of thunder and lightning in the West African pantheon. consequently, also the name for a west African-derived religion found primarily in trinidad
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ogun
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a vodou god, the god of iron
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legba
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a vodou god, the guardian of crossroads and barriers
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sycretism
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a process that combines the ideas and beliefs of different religions to make them seem the same or similar
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calypso
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a popular music form form trinidad characterized by improvised lyrics on topical and broadly humorous subject matter
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conga
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a tall, barrel shaped, singled headed drum used often in latin american music
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carnival
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a Pre-lent festival celebrated primarily in Europe and the Caribbean., known as mardi Gras in the united states
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pan
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a musical instrument from trinidad made out of a steel oil drum
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tamboo bamboo
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a type of ensemble developed after drums were banned in trinidad, which used cane and bamboo tubes that were beaten with sticks and stamped on the ground
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pan yard
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where steel bands in trinidad assemble to practice
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maracas
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a pair of small caribbean gourt rattles with interior beads
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santeria
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a belief system combining animism and syncretized roman catholicism found primarily in cuba and the united states
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orus
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a rhythmic pattern associated with an orisha in the santeria religious tradition
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reggae
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a popular music form from jamaica that is characterized by a rhythmic emphasis on the offbeat and by politically and socially conscious lyrics
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dub / dancehall
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recorded music that emphasizes the bass and rhythm tracks so that a dj can talk over the music through a microphone
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yellowman
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an albino jamaican reggae and dancehall DJ was popular in Jamaica in the 1980s
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bob marley
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is considered the most important of reggaes many starts, especially for the quality of his lyrics and his articulation of fundamental Rastafarian concepts
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haile selassie
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an Ethiopian emperor considered by jamaican rastafarians to be a black reincarnation of jesus christ
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rastafarianism
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a relgious cult centered in jamaica which purports that the second coming of jesus christ has already occurred in the form of haile selassie, an Ethiopian king
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jah
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the word for god in rastafarianism
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claves
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a pair of hand held wooden bars used as a percussion instrument in many african and latin american music traditions, also a rhythm pattern in salsa music
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guaracha
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a latin american ballroom dances, as well as a song type, emphasizing call and response vocal organization
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celia cruz
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cuban salsa singer, wrote la guarcha and was one of the most successful salsa performers of the 20th century. she was renowned internationally as the queen of salsa
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polyrhythm
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a term meaning "multiple rhythms" the organizational basis for most sub saharan african music traditions. it is the simultaneous sounding of rhythms that articulate different senses of meter
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maraca / shekere
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a gourd rattle from ghana with external beaded netting
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donno
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a double headed hourglass variable pressure drum played with a hooked stick that is capable of producing more than one pitch
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palm wine guitar
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a popular music style from sub saharan africa known for its association with folk musicians who frequently played for drinks, including palm wine
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highlife
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a broad label applied to a variety of urban popular music traditions throughout western africa, especially in ghana
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akan drumming
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musicians create complex polyrhythms difficult to perform because each individual must interlock his particular pattern very precisely with the other musicians patterns
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pygmies
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a generic term applied to a diverse population of forest dwellers in central africa
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the forest people of central africa
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the "nicer" term for the pygmies of central africa
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herbie hancock (watermelon man)
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the guy who said "its all africa man" and gave no credit. was a very famous jazz musician
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madonna sanctuary
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a song that was an adaptation of watermelon man by herbie hancock
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balafon
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a xylophone from west africa, often played by oral historians. is both percussive and melodic
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mbalax
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a popular music genre in senegal today, is a blend of the countrys traditional griot percussion and praise singing
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griot
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the french term for a wandering minstrel, often used to describe the west African jali
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jali
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the term for a mandinka poet / praise singer and oral historian
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kora
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a harp lute or bridge harp played by a jali during his poetic recitaiton
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oral tradition
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carried out by the jali / griot. information is passed down by speech in oral traditions
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birimintingo
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a free rhythm improvisation
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kumbengo
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a short ostinato pattern which recurs in many narrative sectons
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Yossou N' Dour
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a senegalese singer, percussionist , helped develop the popular music of senegal, known as Mbalax
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vladimir vysotsky
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an iconic soviet and russian singer, songwriter, poet, and actor
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igor moiseyev
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widely acclaimed as the greatest 20th century choreographer of character dance
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vasiliy andreyev
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father of the balalaika, contributed to its reemergence
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tovarish stalin
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a song by vladimir vysotsky
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samizdat
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was a key form of dissident activity across the soviet bloc in which individuals reproduced censored publications by hand and passed the documents from reader to reader
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music on bones
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in russia, people used to write music on x-ray paper, thus "music on bones"
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chastushki
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a category of songs form russia considered "playful"
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balalaika
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a triangle shaped, fretted, plucked lute from russia
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prima balaiaka
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the highest pitch balaiaka
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ulutation
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the performing of a single pitch repeatedly with glottal stops
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glottal stop
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a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. in english the feature is represented for example by the hyphen uh-oh
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philip kutev
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a bulguarian composer, he is widely considered "the father of bulgarian choir and folk music"
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pravo horo
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a type of bulgarian folk dance
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les mystere des voix bulgares
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bulgarian female vocal choir, is forceful with an unusual tone quality, open threated yet pinched
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bagpipes
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a reed aerophone consisting of an airbag, chanter (melody pipe), and drone pipes
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chanter
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the melody pipe found on various bagpipes
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bellows
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an apparatus for producing a strong current of air, used with the irish bagpipes, as well as the pump organ and other aerophones
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gaida
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bagpipes from bulgaria
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highland pipes
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bagpipes from scotland
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a phiob-mhor / war pipes
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an instrument that in modern practice is identical to the great highland bagpipes. "war-pipes" is an english term, in Gaelic they are reffered to as pib mhor
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uilleann pipes
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bagpipes form ireland, called uilleann (meaning elbow) because the performers uses an elbow to pump the bellows
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pibroch
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a form of scottish bagpipe music with an elaborate theme and variations structure
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pub sessions
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refers to playing music and / or singing in the relaxed social setting of a local pub, in which the music is intermingled with the consumption of ale. performers sing and play traditional songs and tunes form the irish, english, and scottish traditions
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sukuri
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a type of ensemble form peru, consisting of siku performers with accompanying drummers
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siku
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panpipes common among indigenous populations form peru throughout the andes
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bombos / surdu
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a large drum used in sikuri performances from peru as well as samba music from brazil
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strophic
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a song form in which the music repeats with each new poetic verse
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viheula
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a small, fretted pucked lute from mexico, similar to a guitar but with a convex resonator
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mariachi
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an entertainment music associated with festivals and celebratory events in mexico
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totem
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an animal, plant, or other natural object used as the emblem of a group or individual, and strongly associated with an ancestral relationship
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guitarron
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a large fretted plucked lute from mexico, similar to a guitar but with with a convex resonator
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takak-nhiok naming ritual
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this ritual occurs in five stages over a period of give years, each stage enables the initiates to gain new knowledge
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huehuetl
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a big cylindrical drum with legs
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teponaztli
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a tongued log drum
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son
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an afro-cuban music genre from latin america. secular small ensemble chordophones, fast rhythm, triple meters, short poems
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son jaracho
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consists of fast syllabic singing, call and response, the arpa, jarana, and requinto. African infleunced
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arpa
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harp
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jarana
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a small double coursed 8 string rhythmic guitar
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requinto
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4 string guittar
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la bamba
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220 years old, written by a former slave. nupital dance
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son jalisciense
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from jalisco, original mariachi ensemble (2 violins, vihuela, jarana, arpa), strophic structure, metric shift
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hemiola
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a metrical pattern in which two bars in simple triple time are articulately as if they were three bars in simple duple times
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gaspar vargas
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founder of el mariachi varags de tecalitlar
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canciones
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romanticas (3 performers, 2 guittars) ballad style
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katajjaq
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an inuit throat singing style from northern quebec, canada
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jingle dress dance
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often performed at a native american pow wow. the dress includes several rows of metal cones to create a jingling sound as the dancer moves, the dancer dances in a pattern, her feet never cross, nor does she dance backwards or turn in a complete circle
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fancy dance
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a native american style of dance, can be seen at many powwows across the nation
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powwow
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a pan tribal american indian event celebrating native american identity and culture, generally also open to non native americans
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native american drum
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a large double sided frame drum
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native american flute
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the flute is distinctive for its "bird", "block" or "saddle" ornament which is tied firmly over the sound hole
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vocables
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words considered only with regards to sound, not in terms of meaning
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R. Carlos Nakai
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a native american flutist
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ballad
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a song that tells a story, usually performed by a solo voice (but representing different speakers) and commonly associated with music from the Appalachian region of the United States
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murder ballads
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a sub-genre of the traditional ballad form, the lyrics of which form a narrative song presenting a story using a series of recognizable formulas, structures, and language forms. in this case of a murder
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wanring ballads
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a ballad that "warns" about the importance of living a virtuous life
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social control
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ballads were the function for social control
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Carolina chocolate drops
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an old time string band from North Carolina, the group is one of the few remaining african american string bands
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appalachia
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a geographic region of the Eastern United States along the appalachian mountains which extend from new england to the southeast in georgia
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francis james child
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he brought british ballads to the attention of British and american scholars. he published a 5 volume collection
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cecil j sharp
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an english folksong collector, revealed the ballad tradition and was especially responsible for this surge in collecting them. this brought the new and little known field of folklore to prominence
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singing school
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a tradition of teaching four part harmonies techniques, found in rural areas throughout the united states
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shape notes
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a music notation system from the united states that uses differently shaped "note" heads to indicate pitch
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the sacred harp
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the most popular collection of shape note songs
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fuging tune
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a category of shape-note song, in which individual voices enter one after the other. from Italian (to chase)
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bluegrass
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a style of american folk music characterized by virtuosic instrumental performance and the so called "high lonesome" vocal style, in which a harmony pitch is sung above the main melody
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mandolin
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a high ranged fretted lute commonly used in bluegrass music from the untied states
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high lonesome
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a high tenor harmony part over a baritone vocal melody, accompanied by a variety of string insturments
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bill monroe
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a blue grass artist who played the mandolin, wrote a song that focussed on the hardships of married life from the womans perspective
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blue note
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a pitch not standard to the euro-american tradition, believed to derive form the west African tuning systems
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hymn
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a "humanly composed" religious verse set to music
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fisk jubilee singers
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a group from tenessee who toured to raise money for their struggling university. they made Negro spirituals famous
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hammond B3 organ
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the hammond b-3 organ is the most well known. in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, the distinctive sound of the B-3 organ was widely used in progressive rock bands and blue rock groups
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mahalia jackson
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an African American gospel singer, Mahalia jackson become one of the most influential gospel sings in the world and is the first queen of gospel music
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blues
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a secular folk vocal tradition originating withing the african american community in the southern united states with lyrics commenting on life (especially suffering)
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emic
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a term borrowed from linguistics and used by anthropologists and ethnomusicoligsts to describe the perspective of a cultural insider
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etic
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a term borrowed from linguistics, used by anthropologists and ethnomusicoligsts to describe the perspective of a cultural outsider
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santur
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a hammered zither form the Persian classical tradition. often cited as the origin of hammered zithers found throughout Asia, Northern Africa, Europe, and the Western Hemisphere
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baglama
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a round bodied lute from turkey
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zurna
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a double reed aerophone from turkey and greece
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Dr. Ki mantle hood
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an american ethnomusicoligst (he specialized in studying gamelon music from indonesia) he pioneered a new approach to teh study of music, and the creation at UCLA of the first American university program devoted to ethnomusicology
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bimusicality
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an approach to ethnomusicology, created by Dr. Ki Mantle Hood, that when people learn about an instrument, they should also learn how to play it
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alan merriam
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an ethnomusicoligist who wrote the book "the anthropology of music", his model suggested that music should be studied on three analytic levels: conceptualizations about music, behavior in relation to music, and the sound of music
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armchair ethnomusicology
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a style of ethnomusicology work, where research is based on recordings made by others
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indigenization
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the process of forcing local cultures to adopt another
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classical
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denotes a revered model or the epitome of a style of type, it may also suggest connection with or influence from styles of ancient Greece and Rome
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folk
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may denote music that is created and performed by people of modest means, such music is usually simpler in process. folk music usually requires less rehearsal to be performed, and is learned through observation, recordings, and informal instruction
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popular
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music that is widely disseminated by various types of media and supported by a broad base of relatively casual consumers
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fieldwork
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the first hand study of music in its original context, a technique derived form anthropology
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semiotics
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the study of "signs" and systems of signs, including music
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ethnocentrism
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the unconscious assumption that owns own cultural background is "normal," while that of others is "strange" or "exotic"
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folklore
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the study of orally transmitted folk knowledge and culture
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gerhard kubik
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an ethnomusicologist who studied Africa by going there every year
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kwela
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a happy street music from souther Africa with jazzy underpinnings and a distinctive skiffle-like beat. brought south african music to international prominence in the 1950s
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fracnes densmore
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an ethnomusicoligst who helped preserve the music of Native Americas. she also learned and taught it, and made recordings of actual native Americans music
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john blacking
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an ethnomusicoligst who was known for his early and energetic advocacy of anthropological perspectives in the study of music
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