Musculoskeletal System

Front 1

What are bone’s two primary minerals that are embedded in collagen and confer hardness and rigidity to bone.

Back 1

Calcium and phosphate

Front 2

Collagen

Back 2

Bone’s main protein, imparts flexibility to bone

Front 3

Osteocytes

Back 3

Mature bone cells

Front 4

Osteoblasts

Back 4

Bone forming cells

Front 5

Osteoclasts

Back 5

Bone resorbing cells

Front 6

Compact bone

Back 6

A layer of bone tissue that covers most of the bones

Front 7

Spongy bone

Back 7

Another type of bone tissue, contains many bone marrow-filled spaces. Found at the ends of long bones and is thebsite of blood cell formation

Front 8

Medullary cavity

Back 8

A hollow cavity that is found in long bones in the arms and legs. Filled with yellow bone marrow primarily consisting of fat

Front 9

Ossification

Back 9

A process in which new bone forms at the growth plate, pushing the ends of the bone apart from each other until full growth is achieved, during this process cartilage turns into bone

Front 10

Periosteum

Back 10

A highly vascular layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers the surface of bones. Contains cells that are capable of forming new bone tissue and serves as a site of attachment for tendons

Front 11

1.

Back 11

Proximal epiphysis

Front 12

2.

Back 12

Spongy bone

Front 13

3.

Back 13

Compact bone

Front 14

4.

Back 14

Medullary cavity

Front 15

5.

Back 15

Periosteum

Front 16

6.

Back 16

Endosteum

Front 17

7.

Back 17

Nutrient foramen

Front 18

8.

Back 18

Nutrient vessel

Front 19

9.

Back 19

Epiphyseal plate (growth plate)

Front 20

10.

Back 20

Distal epiphysis

Front 21

11.

Back 21

Diaphysis

Front 22

9.

Back 22

Epiphyseal plate (growth plate)

Front 23

Synoviale membrane

Back 23

Is lined with the inner surface of the joint capsule, secretes synoviale fluid

Front 24

Synovial fluid

Back 24

Lubricates the joints, secretes by synovial membrane

Front 25

Bursae

Back 25

Sacs of synovial fluid, situated near some joints to reduce friction during movement

Front 26

Where is skeletal or voluntary muscle found in

Back 26

Muscles that are firmly attached to bones by tendons

Front 27

Tendons

Back 27

Flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

Front 28

1.

Back 28

Spongy bone

Front 29

2.

Back 29

Articulating bone

Front 30

3.

Back 30

Joint capsule

Front 31

4.

Back 31

Cartilage

Front 32

Cartilage

Back 32

Connective tissue. A firm tissue but is softer and more flexible than bone

Front 33

5.

Back 33

Synovial fluid

Front 34

6.

Back 34

Ligament

Front 35

7.

Back 35

Synovial membrane

Front 36

8.

Back 36

Articulating bone

Front 37

Osteomyelitis

Back 37

Uncommon bacterial infection of the bone. Occurs principally following bone trauma or in diabetics

Front 38

Tuberculosis

Back 38

Associated with untreated pulmonary tuberculosis. Occurs when bacteria spread from the lungs to the bones

Front 39

Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis

Back 39

Rheumatoid factors(protein produces by immune system that can attack healthy tissue in body) form antibody complexes in the synovial fluid. This attracts neutrophils into the joint and cause inflammation

Front 40

Osteoporosis

Back 40

Porous bone that is abnormally fragile and susceptible to fracture

Front 41

Rickets

Back 41

A rare disease of infancy or early childhood in which the bones do not properly ossify, or harden

Front 42

Osteomalacia

Back 42

Softening or decalcification of bones in adults

Front 43

Scoliosis

Back 43

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Front 44

Kyphosis

Back 44

Exaggerated posterior curve of the thoracic spine

Front 45

Lordosis

Back 45

Inward curvature of the lumbar vertebrae

Front 46

Osteogenic sarcoma

Back 46

A type of bone cancer, arises in the bony tissue itself and frequently affects the ends of long bones, especially the knee

Front 47

Arthritis

Back 47

Inflammation of a joint. Persistent joint pain and stiffness

Front 48

Rheumatoid arthritis

Back 48

Chronic autoimmune disease. Systemic inflammatory disease that affects several joints and thebsurround muscles.

Front 49

Rheumatoid factors

Back 49

Form antibody complexes in the synovial fluid. This then attracts neutrophils into the joints and cause rheumatoid arthritis

Front 50

Ankylosis

Back 50

Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones

Front 51

Strain

Back 51

Result from a tearing of a muscle and/or its tendon

Front 52

Muscular dystrophy

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A group of muscle diseases that results in increasing weakening and breakdown of skeletal muscles

Front 53

Dystrophin

Back 53

A cytoskeletal protein

Front 54

Myasthenia gravis

Back 54

Disorder of the myoneural junction in which nerves fail to transmit an impulse for contraction to the muscle

Front 55

Rhabdyosarcoma

Back 55

Malignant rumor of skeletal muscle

Front 56

Osteoarthritis

Back 56

Most common form of arthritis

Front 57

Spurs

Back 57

A sharp irregular bony surface structure that develop along bone edges

Front 58

Gout

Back 58

A form of arthritis. Affects the joints of the feet.

Front 59

Septic arthritis

Back 59

Develops as a result of bacterial infection of a joint

Front 60

Bursitis

Back 60

Inflammation of bursae

Front 61

Bursae

Back 61

Small, synovial fluid-filled sacs located near the joints that cushion and reduce friction during movement

Front 62

Herniated discs

Back 62

Ruptured of the cartilaginous pads between the bony bodies of adjacent vertebrae

Front 63

Dislocation

Back 63

Dislocation

Hint 63

Displacement of bones from their normal position in a joint

Front 64

Sprains

Back 64

Result from wrenching or twisting of a joint