Muscles For Func Anatomy 2, Test 1

Front 1

SCM

Back 1

sternal head
o: manubrium sterni

clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle

i: mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

n: spinal accessory nerve

a: bilateral - flex neck
unilateral - lateral flexion same side, rotate head opposite side w/ chin up

Front 2

occipitalis

Back 2

wrinkles skin over occipital bone

Front 3

corrugator supercili

Back 3

draw eyebrows medial and down

frowning and suffering

Front 4

procerus

Back 4

draw medial angle of eyebrows downward

make transverse wrinkles over bridge of nose

a pro looks you in between the eyes

Front 5

compressor nares

Back 5

compress anterior nasal aperture

Front 6

dilator nares

Back 6

dilate anterior nasal aperture

Front 7

levator labii superioris

Back 7

raise upper lip and forward

Front 8

zygomatic major

Back 8

draw angle of mouth upward and lateral

smiling

Front 9

caninus

Back 9

raise angle of mouth

make nasolabial furrow

Front 10

zygomaticus minor

Back 10

elevate upper lip

make nasolabial furrow (along w/ caninus)

Front 11

depressor labii inferioris

Back 11

draw lower lip down and lateral

chewing

Front 12

platysma

Back 12

retract and depress corner of mouth

tense skin of anterior neck

n: facial nerve CN VII

Front 13

orbicularis oris

Back 13

close lips

apply lips to alveolar arch

purse lips - whistle and suck

Front 14

triangularis

Back 14

depress corner of mouth

sadness

Front 15

orbicularis oculi

Back 15

close eye lid

compress lacrimal gland

Front 16

masseter

Back 16

o: zygomatic arch

i: coronoid process of mandible, angle of mandible, ramus of mandible

n: mandibular division of trigeminal nerve CN V

a: elevation (close jaw), mandible side to side (grinding, chewing), protracts the mandible

Front 17

depressor septi

Back 17

helps widen anterior nasal aperture during deep inspiration

Front 18

thyrohyoid

Back 18

depress hyoid bone

elevate thyroid cartilage
(brings them together)
n: ansa cervicalis C1-5

Front 19

scalenus anterior

Back 19

o: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae, anterior tubercles

i: scalene tubercle of 1st rib

n: ventral rami of lower cervical nerves

a: elevate 1st rib, lateral flexion same side, slight rotation opposite side

Front 20

scalenus medius

Back 20

o: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercles)

i: first rib

n: ventral rami of lower cervical nerves

a: raise first rib, lateral flexion of neck same side, slight rotation opposite side

Front 21

scalenus posterior

Back 21

o: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercles)

i: second rib

n: ventral rami of lower cervical nerves

a: raise second rib, lateral flexion of neck same side, slight rotation opposite side.

Front 22

anterior belly of digastric

a:
n:

Back 22

a: bring hyoid bone up and forward

assist in opening jaws

n: trigeminal nerve

around this muscle is mylohyoid

the digastric muscles both assist in opening jaws

Front 23

posterior belly of digastric

a:
n:

Back 23

a: bring hyoid bone up and posteriorly

assist in opening jaw

n: facial nerve CN VII

Front 24

mylohyoid

a:
n:

Back 24

a: raise hyoid bone

raise tongue during
swallowing/speaking

raise floor of mouth

n: trigeminal nerve CN V

Front 25

frontalis

Back 25

raise eyebrows in surprise

transverse wrinkles on forehead when frowning

Front 26

mentalis

Back 26

raise and protrude lower lip (pouting)

wrinkle skin of chin

Front 27

buccinator

Back 27

compress cheeks

hold food in place when chewing, blow out air

Front 28

risorius

Back 28

retract angle of mouth

Front 29

temporalis

Back 29

o: temporal fossa

i: ramus of mandible, coronoid process of mandible

n: mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

a: elevation (close jaw), retract mandible, side-to-side movement of mandible

Front 30

omohyoid

Back 30

depress and retract hyoid bone after swallowing/speaking

n: ansa cervicalis C1-5

Front 31

sternothyroid

Back 31

draw thyroid cartilage down after swallowing/speaking

n: ansa cervicalis C1-5

Front 32

sternohyoid

Back 32

draw hyoid bone inferiorly after swallowing/speaking

n: ansa cervicalis C1-5

Front 33

muscles of expiration

Back 33

internal intercostals
transversus thoracic
rectus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
subcostals
QL
transverse abdominis

Front 34

muscles of inspiration

Back 34

SCM
scalenes
diaphragm
serratus anterior
levator costorum
external intercostals

Front 35

levator costorum

Back 35

o: transverse process C7-T11

i: rib below, close to tubercle

n: dorsal rami of thoracic spinal nerves

a: raise ribs increasing thoracic cavity. muscle of inspiration

Front 36

subcostals

Back 36

o: internal surface of lower ribs near angle of the rib

i: internal surface of rib below, crossing one or two intercostal spaces

n: intercostal nerves

a: draw adjacent ribs together. w/ last rib fixed by QL, subcostals lower ribs decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity. Helps w/ forced expiration.

Front 37

internal intercostals

Back 37

o: costal groove

i: cranial border of rib below

n: intercostal nerves

a: depress ribs, keeping the intercostal spaces rigid during expiration

Front 38

transversus thoracic

Back 38

o: posterior surface of xiphoid process and lower sternum

i: posterior surface of costal cartilages of ribs 2-6

n: intercostal nerves

a: draw ventral portion of ribs down, decreasing the thoracic cavity. helps w/ forced expiration (along w/ subcostals)

Front 39

external intercostals

Back 39

o: caudal (bottom) border of a rib

i: cranial (top) border of the rib below

n: intercostal nerves

a: raise ribs increasing volume of thoracic cavity, help diaphragm w/ inspiration

Front 40

diaphragm

Back 40

sternal portion
o: xiphoid process posterior aspect

costal portion
o: inner surface of lower 6 ribs at costal margin

lumbar portion
o: arcuate ligaments and lumbar vertebrae by 2 crura

i: central tendon

n: phrenic nerve C3-5

a: draw central tendon down, lift lower ribs, which increase volume and decrease pressure inside thoracic cavity. therefore there is decreased volume and increased pressure in the abdominal cavity. the R dome of diaphragm is higher b/c the liver is below it. therefore the course of the left phrenic nerve is longer b/c the left dome is lower.

Front 41

TMJ
classification
type
ligaments
nerve supply
blood supply

Back 41

diarthrodial
modified hinge (condylar)
lateral TM ligament - tense as mouth is opened, aids in preventing TMJ dislocation
articular disc made of fibrocartilage
nerve supply - mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
blood supply - superficial temporal and maxillary arteries

Front 42

levator palpebre superior

Back 42

a: raise eyelids

n: CN III occulomotor

Front 43

inferior oblique

Back 43

n: occulomotor CN III

a: elevate eye, abduct, laterally rotate

Front 44

superior oblique

Back 44

n: CN IV

a: depress, abduct, medially rotate

Front 45

lateral rectus

Back 45

n: CN VI

a: out-abduct

Front 46

medial rectus

Back 46

n: CN III occulomotor

a: in - adduct

Front 47

inferior rectus

Back 47

n: CN III occulomotor

a: down and in

Front 48

superior rectus

Back 48

n: CN III occulomotor nerve

a: up and in

Front 49

lateral pterygoid

Back 49

o: sphenoid bone

i: neck of mandible, articular disc, capsule of TMJ

n: mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

a: open jaw (depression), protrude jaw, side-to-side movement

Front 50

medial pterygoid

Back 50

o: sphenoid bone (both pterygoids origin on sphenoid bone)

i: medial surface of mandible, near angle

n: mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

a: close jaw(elevation), protract jaw (both pterygoids protract jaw), side-to-side movement (both side to side movement)

Front 51

longus capitis and colli

Back 51

o: bodies and transverse processes of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

i: inferior surface of occipital bone and atlas

n: ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves

a: flex head, slight rotation of head and neck to opposite side