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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a unicellular organism? |
Plant or animal consisting of one cell. |
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Which type of plants and animals consist of many cells? |
Multicellular organisms. |
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What can stem cells do when they divide? |
Either produce more or undergo physical and chemical changes until their size, shape and chemical machinery are perfectly suited for a particular role in a specific tissue. |
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Why do stem cells differentiate? |
To make cells that are tailored for a specific function. |
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What is the function of a red blood cell and what specialised structural features does it have? |
Function: uptake and transport of oxygen to living cells. SSF: small, biconcave shape, large surface area and a rich supply of hAeMoGlObIn (a disgusting word). |
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White blood cell function and specialised structural feature? |
Function: destruction of invading microbes. Specialised Structural Feature: able to change shape and has sacs of microbe digesting enzymes. |
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Motor Neurone function and specialised structural feature? |
Function: transmittion of nerve impulses. Specialised Structural Feature: Has an axon - a long, insulated extension of the cytoplasm. |
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Sperm Cell function and specialised structural feature. |
Function: swim to egg and achieve fertilisation. Specialised Structural Feature: streamlined head with tail to swim. |
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Cheek Cell |
Function: protects mouth lining. Specialised Structural Feature: flat, irregular shape allowing cells to form a covering layer that's constantly replaced during wear and tear. |
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Plant Root Hair Cell function and specialised structural feature. |
Function: absorbs water and mineral salts. Specialised Structural Feature: long extension of an epidermal cell presenting a large, surface area in contact with soil solution. |
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Palisade Mesophyll Cell function and specialised structural feature. |
Function: primary region of light absorption and photosynthesis. Specialised Structural Feature: chloroplasts present, columnor shape allows densely packed green layer to be presented to light. |
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Xylem function and specialised structural feature. |
Function: is support and transports water up the plant. Specialised Structural Feature: hollow tube walls are strengthened by lignin. |
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Phloem function and specialised structural feature. |
Function: carries sugars from leaves to other cells and tissues. Specialised Structural Feature: have companion cells (control cell functions) and a sieve plate (allows sugars to be transported between cells). |
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What are tissues? |
A group of similar cells with similar functions working together. Eg. Phloem tissue is made of sieve tubes and companion cells. |
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What are organs? |
A group of different tissues working together to perform a function. Eg. The heart, composed of muscle, connective, nervous and fat tissue, pumps blood around the body. |
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What does systems mean? |
A group of related organs and tissues. Eg. Blood, heart, arteries, capillaries and veins make up the circulatory system. |
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Hierarchy of organisation? |
cell-->tissue-->organ-->system--> organism |
