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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Xenophobia |
Intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries. |
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Murder of Gordon Chase |
- Gordon chase was an african american barber
- cutting hair, got arrested mid-cut - the guy couldn't testify because he was a mulado. - after this incident, random guy came in and shot gordon chase. |
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Nativism |
The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants. |
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San Francisco Franchise League |
- African americans hired layers and had people sign petitions
- blacks got their rights by demanding it - repealled. |
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Juanita of Downieville |
- Mexican-American Woman who was lynched in Downieville, CA on july 5th, 1851. - Found guilty of murdering a man, Frederick Cannon, who attempted to assault her. - She is known to be the first and only woman to be lynched in CA. |
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Land Law of 1851 |
Required all Mexican land owners to validate their grans before a Land Claim Commission, placed a tremendous hardship on Mexican landholders, who had to hire lawyers to represent them against all comers, sometimes hundreds of squatter claimants. |
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Joaquin Murrieta |
- the Mexican "Robin Hood" - A famous figure in CA during the gold rush of the 1850's. - Either considered as an infamous bandit or a Mexican patriot. |
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Foreign Miners' Tax of 1850 |
- $20 per month tax on each foreigner engaged in mining. - A revolt resulted and it was repealed in 1851 - re-enacted in 1852 |
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Board of Land Commissioners |
- 3 American Judges - Prove to them that your title was legitimate (Land Grants) |
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An Act for the Govt. an Protection of Indians |
- Better to be known as an act for the enslavement and exploitation of the Indians. - Three Clauses: 1) Vagrancy Clause 2) Bail Out Clause 3)Apprentice Clause |
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Vagrancy Clause |
- If a Native American was wondering about in idlement, that they could be arrested for vagrancy. |
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Bail-Out Clause |
- If a N.A. had been arrested, he could be bailed out by a wealthy landowner. - Had no say in whether or not they'd be bailed out. - Not just for Vagrancy, but for crime. - Once bailed, they had to work for landowner until the bail had been paid off. - if 2 people wanted same indian, there was a bidding war. -Landowner supposed to give you food and clothing. - N.A. could not testify in court. |
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Apprentice Clause |
- If a N.A. mother felt that she could not take care of her children, she could turn them over to a white family and they would raise the children as apprentice's. - Boys would be Apprentices until 21, women until 18. - in 1863, they raised the ages, men until 30, woman til 25. |
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Theodore Judah |
- An American railroad and civil engineer who was a central figure in the original promotion, establishment, and design of the first transcontinental Railroad. - he found investors for the Central Pacific Railroad. - As Chief Engineer, he performed much of the land survey work to determine the best route for the railroad over the Sierra Nevada Mountains. |
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Collis P. Huntington |
- One of the Big Four of western railroading who built the Central Pacific Railroad as part of the first U.S. transcontinental railroad. - Father was a tinkerer & very poor - he was on his own at age 14 because he was thrown out. - Became and traveling salesman - Had his own store by age 21 - Huntington beach names after him. |
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Mark Hopkins |
- Treasurer of the Railroad - Most thin of the big 4 and also the most simple (didnt like to spend money) - Was the accountant - Meticulous eye for detail - Married a woman who spent a lot of his money, built a huge mantion at the top of knob hill, was destroyed in 1986 earthquake. |
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Charles Crocker |
- The biggest of the big 4, very heavy - "Jack of all Trades" pretty good at everything but not really good at anything. - In charge of actually building the railroad (Charles Crocker Construction company) - Nobody knows the profit that the construction company made, probably took in about twice as much money as they paid. - Art museum in SAC, Crocker art museum. |
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Leland Stanford |
- President of the railroad - Described as ponderously slow - Kind of pretentious - Wanted to be a lawyer and politician but dint want to go to law school - Stanford University (Named after his son Leland Stanford jr. University) |
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The Big Four |
- Colis P. Huntington - Charles Crocker - Mark Hopkins - Leland Stanford |
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Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 & 1864 |
- Began Federal government front of lands directly to corporations; before that act, the land grants were made to the states, for the benefit of corporations. - Support came in 2 ways: 1) through low interest loans 2) Gave them very large land grants - Largest landholder in CA - The US government ended up giving over 200,000,000 acres to railroads in the US. |
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"All the market will bear." |
- One of the reasons Huntington was one of the most hated men in CA |
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Foreign Miners Tax of 1852 |
- Enforced against the Chinese - $3 / Month - Much easier to collect because you would just go to the big companies and ask how many guys they had working for them and tell them how much they owe. |
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Workingman's Party of California |
- An american Labor organization led by Denis Kearney in the 1870's - Racist Organization - Captured the SF city council - Beginning in 1875 they started passing a series of harassment ordinances. |
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Dennis Kearney |
- A California labor leader of the late 19th century who was known for his nativist and racist views about Chinese immigrants. |
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Breathing Space Ordinance |
- Everyone living in an apartment had to have at least 500 cubic feet of breathing space - You couldn't have more than 1 or 2 people living in an apartment - from time to time the SFPD would go into china town and break into ppl's homes. - If there was more than 2 or 3 people in there they would arrest everyone in there and take them to jail. |
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Queue Ordinance |
- Important part of the Chinese culture - Their emperor had said that they dictated a hair style for peasants called the "Queue". - If any man was arrested and taken to the city jail his hair would be cut to an inch. (his "queue" would be chopped off) |
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Laundry Cart Ordinance |
- Everything was designed to nail the Chinese - Chinese often had laundry businesses - Most of the Chinese just carried their laundry by hand - If you don't not have a horse dawn cart, you would have to pay $5 a month or$60 a year (sort of like extra tax) |
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Pole Ordinance |
- Made it illegal to carry things on poles - Chinese would carry things on poles and baskets on each end. - The Chinese took this law to Supreme Court and the law got thrown out. |
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Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 |
- First law implemented to prevent a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the US. - Rallied te CA delegation and US congress - Banned all workers from China for 10 years. - If you were a merchant, you could still come, but if you were a worker who might compete with a white worker, you were banned. - Women and Children also banned - in 1892 they banned it for 10 more years. - 1902, made it a permanent ban on the Chinese to immigrate to US. This stayed in place until 1943 - middle of WW2. - in 1906 there was a big earthquake, City hall collapsed and all records were destroyed - Chinese came to US illegally and had families group up in "Bachelor Society" |
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Progressivism |
- Term applied to a variety of responses to the economic and social problems rapid industrialization introduced to America - Began as a social movement and grew into a political movement. - Goals were to correct obvious abuses of power, make the govt stronger, strengthen the state, clean up politics, rescue the poor. - progressives were really active in CA - 3 main categories: Economic laws, Politics Laws, Social Laws. |
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Muckracking |
- Bringing a problem to light - Investigative journalism - Most famous piece was written by Upton Sin Clair ( The Jungle) |
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Public Utilities Commission (PUC) |
- Progressives created this - The Railroad fought against the PUC - Public utility owned and operated by a municipal or local government under the oversight of one or more elected commissioners. It is not a regulatory body. |
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Initiative (Initiative, Referendum and Recall) |
- When voters get to make up their own laws - Any law you want - 5% of the people to sign a petition, then that law goes on the ballot. - Supposed to be constitutional - gets more people involved in democracy. |
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Referendum (Initiative, Referendum and Recall) |
- Recall for a law - Threat of a referendum causes govt. to back down and not pass a law - A general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision. |
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Recall (Initiative, Referendum and Recall) |
- 5% of people that vote to sign a petition to get rid of someone (governor) - if 51% choose to get rid, then he's out. |
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Prohibition |
- The act of prohibiting the manufacturing storage in barrels or bottles, transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcohol including alcoholic beverages. - Can also apply to periods in the histories of countries during which the prohibition of alcohol was enforced. |
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Sister Aimee McPherson |
- A canadian- american Los Angeles-based evangelist and media celebrate y in the 1920's and 1930's. - founded Foursquare Church. - Noted as a pioneer in the use of modern media, as she used radio to draw on the growing appeal of popular entertainment in North America |
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Companionate Marriage |
- a 1928 American Silent drama film directed by Erle C. Kenton and starring Betty Bronson, and released by First National Pictures. - The film is now considered lost. - a collaboration between the company of Asher Small Rogers and Sam Sax. It was banned by the NY State Censor. |
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Mary Pickford |
- A Canadian- American motion picture actress, writer, director and producer. - Co-founder of the film studio United Artists and one of the original 36 founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. |
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Douglas Fairbanks |
- An American Actor, Screenwriter, director, and producer. - Best known for his swashbuckling roles i silent films such as "The theif of bagdad, Robin Hood, and the Mark of Zorro" - Spent the early part of his career making comedies. - founding member of The Motion Picture Academy - Hosted the first Oscar's Ceremony in 1929. |
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California's Peculiar Institution |
Slavery |
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Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) |
- Members of which are commonly termed "Wobblies" is an international labor union that was founded in 1905. - Combines General Unionism with industrial unionism, being general union itself whose members are further organized within the industry of their employment. - Philosophy and tactics described as "Revolutionary industrial Unionism" with ties to both socialist and anarchist labor movements. |
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The Durst Brothers' Wheatland Hops Ranch Riot |
- An outburst of physical violence which took place on August 3rd, 1913, at the Durst Ranch in Wheatland CA, which was embroiled in a strike of agricultural workers. - the riot resulted in 4 deaths and numerous injuries and was subsequently blamed by authorities upon the Industrial Workers of the World. - Among the first major farm labor confrontations in CA and a Harbinger of further battles throughout the 20th Century. |
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Criminal Syndicalism Act of 1919 |
- A doctrine of Criminal Acts for political industrial, and social change. -These criminal acts include advocation, crime, sabotage, violence, and other unlawful methods of terrorism. |
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Distribution of Wealth |
- A comparison of the wealth of various members or groups in a society. - Differs from the income distribution in that it looks at the distribution of ownership of the assets in a society, rather than the current income of members of that society. |
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) |
- American Statesman and political leader who served as president in the US from 1933 to 1945. - known as the great communicator - democrat - Won a record 4 presidential elections and dominated his party for many years as a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the US during worldwide economic depression and total war. - would break down issues and problems so that everyone could understand. - tremendous speaker - Inaugurated march 4, 1933. - emergency baking bill. |
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The New Deal |
- A series of domestic programs enacted in the US between 1933 and 1938. - included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of president FDR. - programs were in response to the great depression and focused on the 3 r's. (Relief, Recovery, and Reform) |
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National Industrial Recovery Act. Sec. 7a. |
- protected collective bargaining rights for unions - proved contentious, but both chambers eventually passed the legislation. - FDR signed the bill into law on June 16, 1933. - 2 main sections: 1) devoted to industrial recovery, permitted to working standards, and regulated the price of certain refined petroleum products and their transportation. 2) established the Public Works Admin. , Outlined projects and funding opportunities, also provides funds for the act. |
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Collective Bargaining |
- A process of negotiation between employees and a group of employers aimed at agreements to regulate working salaries. - the interests of the employees are commonly presented by representatives of a trade union to which the employees belong. |
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Herbert Hoover |
- 31st president of the US. - professional mining engineer and was raised as a Quaker. - republican - served as head of the US Food Administration during the WWI. - Became internationally known for humanitarian relief efforts in War-time Belgium. |
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Fireside Chats |
- used to describe a series of 30 evening radio addresses given by US president FDR between 1933 and 1944 - Represents the first time in history that a chief executive communicated directly with a large number of citizens. - spoke about the promulgation of the Emergency Banking act, the recession, New deal initiatives, and the course of WWII. |
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Upton Sinclair |
- An american author who wrote nearly 100 books. - well known and popular in the first half of the 20th-century. - won Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1943. |
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E.P.I.C. |
- The End Poverty in CA Movement. - political campaign started in 1934 by famed socialist writer Upton Sinclair. - Formed the basis for Sinclair's campaign for Governor of CA in 1934. - Called for Massive Public Works Program, Sweeping tax reform, and Guaranteed pensions. - Gained major support with thousands joining End Poverty Leagues across the state. |
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International Longshoreman's Association |
- Labor Union representing longshore workers along the East Coast of the US, canada, Gulf coast, Great lakes, and puerto rico. - appx. 200 local affiliates in port cities in these areas. |
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Bloody Thursday |
- Labor organizers decided to have a big funeral for the 2 guys that were shot. - July 16th, 1934, all the workers in SF went on strike. - for 4 days the city of SF was shut down. - Agreed to federal arbitration - glorious moment for workers, scary for everyone else. |
