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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microorganisms require large quantities of this nutrient for use in cell structure.
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macronutrient. Microorganisms that require small quantities of this nutrient for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure are trace elements.
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An organic nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the organisms and must be provided is called a....
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growth factor
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An important mineral ion of the cytochrome pigments of cellular respiration is.....
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iron
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An important mineral ion that is a component of chloroplasts and stabilizer of membranes and ribosomes is...
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magnesium
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The term phototroph refers to an organism that...
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gets energy from sunlight
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The term autotroph refers to an organism that...
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uses CO2 for its carbon source
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The term heterotroph refers to an organism that
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must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs.
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The term chemotroph refers to an organism that...
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gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds
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The methanogens, producers of methane gas, require environments that....
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are anerobic with H2 gas and CO2.
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Organisms that feed on dead organisms for nutrients are called...
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saprobes
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The type of photosynthesis that does not produce oxygen...
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occurs in purple and green sulfur bacteria
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Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high to an area of low concentration. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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What is active transport?
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It is the movement of substances from lower to higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier and cell expenditure of energy.
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What is facilitated diffusion?
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It is the movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure.
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The use of energy by a cell to enclose a substance in its membrane by forming a vacuole and engulfing it is called endocytosis. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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Give an example of an organism that would find hypotonic conditions most detrimental.
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protozoa
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Endocytosis requires the cell to use ATP. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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Contractile vacuoles are...
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used to expel excess water from cells
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A psychrophile will grow below 37C. TRUE?FALSE
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TRUE
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A microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature of 37C, but can survive short exposure to high temperatures is calleda....
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thermoduric
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An organism that grows slowly in the cold but has an optimum growth temperature of 32C is called a...
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facultative psychrophile
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What is a thermophile?
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It is an organism with a temperature growth range of 45C to 60C.
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List 4 organisms that could find a location in or on body tissues suitable for growth...
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mesophiles/facultative anaerobes/capnophiles
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A microorganism that does not have catalase or superoxide dismutase would find it difficult to live in an environment with...
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oxygen
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What is a microaerophile?
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An organism that requires a small amount of O2 but wont grow at normal atmospheric level
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A halophile grows best in...
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salt lakes
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The E. coli that normally live in the human large intestines and produce vitamin K that the body uses would be best termed a ________ relationship.
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mutualistic
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The term interval from parent cell to 2 new daughter cells is called the....
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generation time
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The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which the rate of multiplication equals the rate of cell death is the....
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stationary phase
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What is the lag phase?
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It is the phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing.
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Archaea as a group are not pathogens. This is because...
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Mammalian hosts do not meet their environmental requirements.
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Calcium is required by bacteria because...
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it stabilizes the cell wall
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Growth factors cannot be synthesized by the organism. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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bacteriochlorophyll...
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is found in purple sulfur bacteria
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Aerobic respiration is an example of...
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chemoheterotrophy
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Nutrient absorption is mediated by the...
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cell membrane
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Halobacteria regulate osmotic pressure by...
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absorbing salt from the environment
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Facilitated diffusion is limited by...
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carrier proteins in the membrane
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Mesophiles are human pathogenic organisms. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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An organism that uses CO2 for its carbon needs would be called a...
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photoautotroph
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The toxic superoxide ion is converted to harmless O2 by two enzymes;_______and________.
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catalase/superoxide dismutase
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Phosphorous is a major element needed by microorganisms. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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Lithoautotrophs use inorganic nutrients for carbon and energy sources. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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In a commensal relationship, the commensal benefits but the cohabitant is neither harmed nor benefitted. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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A closed culture system is used to determine a population growth curve. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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The degree of turbidity in a culture correlates to the amount of cell growth. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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