Microbiology Ch. 28 Part 1 (Final Exam)

Front 1

specific microorganisms that, if present in a water supply, indicate that the water source might be contaminated with pathogens

Back 1

indicator organisms

Front 2

usually associated with the intestinal tract; their presence indicates fecal contamination of the water source

Back 2

indicator organisms

Front 3

the most widely used indicator organism

Back 3

coliforms

Front 4

all aerobic and facultative aerobic, gram-negative, nonspore-forming, lactose-fermenting bacteria

Back 4

coliforms

Front 5

presence of coliform organisms in a water sample indicates

Back 5

fecal contamination of that water, making that water unsafe

Front 6

the two most commonly used tests for coliforms in water samples

Back 6

most-probable-number (MPN) and membrane filter (MF) procedures

Front 7

coliform test that employs liquid culture medium in test tubes, in which samples of drinking water are added to the media.

Back 7

MPN. most probable number

Front 8

coliform test in which a minimum of 100ml water sample flows through a sterile membrane filter which removes the bacteria. the filter is then placed on the surface of a plate of EMB culture medium, which is selective for coliforms.

Back 8

MF. membrane filter

Front 9

procedures used to reduce microbial load in water supplies

Back 9

filtration and chlorination

Front 10

liquid effluent derived from domestic sewage or industrial sources that cannot be discarded in untreated form into lakes or stream due to public health, economic, and aesthetic considerations

Back 10

wastewater

Front 11

liquid effluent contaminated with human or animal fecal materials

Back 11

sewage

Front 12

the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by microorganisms for complete oxidation of organic and inorganic material in a water sample

Back 12

biochemical oxygen demand, (BOD)

Front 13

the efficiency of wastewater treatment can be expressed in terms of a reduction in the

Back 13

BOD, biochemical oxygen demand

Front 14

primary wastewater treatment consists of ___; the process involves running wastewater through a series of grates and screens that remove large objects, and then sit in a pool for until sediment drops to the bottom

Back 14

physical separation only

Front 15

involves a series of digestive and fermentative reactions carried out by a number of bacterial species

Back 15

anoxic secondary wastewater treatment

Front 16

the trickling filter and activated sludge methods are the two most common methods of

Back 16

aerobic secondary treatment

Front 17

expensive wastewater treatment method that is a physicochemical process employing precipitation, filtration, and chlorination procedures similar to those employed for drinking water purification

Back 17

tertiary treatment

Front 18

water treated by secondary methods are generally not ___, or safe for human consumption

Back 18

potable

Front 19

a measure of suspended particles

Back 19

turbidity

Front 20

untreated water

Back 20

raw water

Front 21

a large holding tank in drinking water purification where coagulation takes place

Back 21

coagulation basin/clarifier

Front 22

water purification process by which small particles aggregate into large masses;

Back 22

flocculation

Front 23

in the water purification process, after coagulation and flocculation, ____ takes place

Back 23

filtration

Front 24

pure, drinkable water is known as

Back 24

finished water

Front 25

disinfection step of water purification is accomplished with

Back 25

chlorination

Front 26

because chlorine gas is volatile, ____ is introduced, resulting in the stable chlorine-containing compound chloramine

Back 26

ammonia gas

Front 27

the formation of large insoluble particles from much smaller, colloidal particles by the addition of aluminum sulfate and anionic polymers

Back 27

coagulation

Front 28

the water treatment process after coagulation that uses gentle stirring to cause suspended particles to form larger aggregated masses

Back 28

flocculation, the aggregated masses are called flocs.

Front 29

water pipes, storage reservoirs, tanks, and other means used to deliver drinking water to consumers or store it before delivery

Back 29

distribution system