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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microbial Growth
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-binary fission
-growth cycle -environmental effects on microbial growth |
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Generation Time (Doubling Time)
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the time required for one cell to divide into two cells (one generation)
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Process of Binary Fission
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-cell elongation
-septum formation -completion of septum; formation of walls; cell separation |
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Divisome
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responsible for the synthesis of new cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall material
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FtsI
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needed for peptidoglycan synthesis and its activity is blocked penicillin
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Fts Proteins
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-key to the processes of cell division & chromosome replication
-interact to form a division apparatus in the cell called the divisome |
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80 MIN
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time it takes for a cell to undergo binary fission
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Min
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these proteins facilitate FtsZ location of the cell midpoint
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MreB Proteins
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forms a simple cytoskeleton in cells of bacteria and defines the shape of the cell
-coccoid cells lack this type of gene |
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New Cell Wall
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synthesized during bacterial growth by inserting new glycan units into preexisting wall material
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Autolysin
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activity creates small openings in the cell wall; new peptidoglycan is synthesized
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Bactoprenol
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transports peptidoglycan precursors across the cytoplasmic membrane
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Transpeptidation
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-reaction that leads to the final crossing of two peptidoglycan chains
-inhibited by the antibiotic penicillin -synthesis of new cell wall stops and the continued action of autolysins leads to cell lysis -occurs on the outside of cytoplasmic membrane, where ATP is unavailable |
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Plate Counts (Cell Counts)
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measure only the living, reproducing populations
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Petroff-Hausser Counting Chamber
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method not suitable for counting suspensions of low density or motile cells
-total cell counts measure the total number of cells in a populations |
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Formation of Biofilms
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-attachment: adhesion of a few cells to a suitable solid surface
-colonization: intercellular communication, growth & polysaccharide formation -development: more growth & polysaccharide |
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Continuous Culture Device (Chemostat)
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population density is controlled by the concentration of limiting nutrient in the reservoir; and the growth rate is controlled by the flow rate
-high dilution rate: cells can't grow fast enough and are washed out |
