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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
433. Fever, headache, neck stiffness, and altered mental status; Kernig's/Brudzinski's sign, rash; CSF: WBC > 2000 or PMNs >1200; glucose < 34, protein > 220 CSF gram stain of the most likely pathogen of ABM in a 6 mos-6yr old (or adults > 50 years) should reveal CSF gram stain of the most likely pathogen of ABM in an older child or young adult should reveal
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Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) Gram-positive diplococci, Gram-negative diplococci |
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434. Most common cause of sepsis/meningitis in newborns/neonates?
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Streptococcus agalactiae
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435. Cause of fever, headache, photophobia, nausea/vomiting, rash, diarrhea, meningeal signs, in older children in the summer months; CSF with 10-<1,000 WBC typical, mostly monos, moderately elevated protein?
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Aseptic meningitis (enteroviruses)
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436. Cause of aseptic meningitis in men with exposure to rodents?
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Leptospira interrogans
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437. Cause of aseptic meningitis with hx of tick bite and erythema migrans?
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Borrelia burgdorferi
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438. Cause of aseptic meningitis with hx of sex with multiple partners; CSF PCR(+):
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HSV-2 > 1
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439. Cause of fever, headache, photophobia, meningismus, in pts w/ solid organ transplant, malignancy, corticosteroid use. CSF glucose < 2/3 serum glucose, elevated protein, WBC > 5 with PMNs
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Listeria monocyotgenes
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440. How does Listeria monocytogenes differ from other - hemolytic bacteria
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Gram-positive rods; tumbling motility
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441. Cause of chronic meningoencephalitis in a pt, who uses infliximab or native from endemic region; PE: papilledema. CXR (+). Lab: elevated monocytes on differential, low CSF glucose?
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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442. Test to confirm subacute mengoencephalitis in a, immunocompromised pt (CD4 <100); vesicular skin lesions [CSF profile: protein 30-150mg/dl, monos 10-100]?
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CSF India ink
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443. Cause of meningoencephalitis after a hx of respiratory illness after travel to SW USA?
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Coccidioides immitis
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444. Test to confirm CNS pathology with fever, cognitive deficits, focal neurologic signs, seizures; temporal lobe involvement on MRI. Lab: no papilledema, CT (no brain lesion)?
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CSF PCR (+)
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445. Cause of fever, cognitive deficits, focal neurologic signs, seizures, abnormal mental status with ataxia, hemi-paresis, in a pt w/ AIDS?
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JC virus > HHV-6
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446. Cause of fever, cognitive deficits, focal neurologic signs, seizures or abnormal mental status with ataxia in an adult during outdoor activity?
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West-Nile virus > SLE
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447. Hx of fever, cognitive deficits, focal neurologic signs,seizures, in a pt w/ AIDS (CD4 < 50). MRI: multifocal (ringenhancing) lesions in basal ganglia. Rule out?
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Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE)
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448. HIV-infected Pt with Toxoplasma encephalitis should receive (for life)
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pyrimethamine + leucovorin + sulfadiazine
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449. Folinic acid (leucovorin) prevents bone marrow suppressive effect of
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Pyrimethamine
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450. Cause of confusion, stiff neck, irritability over wks to months, in immunocompromised pts; CT/MRI = multifocal lesions in midbrain, brain stem, & cerebellum; wet mount CSF = motile macrophage-like organisms
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Acanthamoeba spp. (GAE)
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451. Cause of severe headache and other meningeal signs, fever, vomiting, and focal neurologic deficits, frequently progressing to coma, in a healthy boy (summer diving activity)?
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Naegleria fowleri (PAM)
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452. Cause of seizures, chronic headache, symptomatic hydrocephalus, in immigrants; pt. successfully responds to praziquantel + anti-convulsant drug?
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Taenia solium (neurocysticercosis)
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453. Pt from Africa had fever, lymphadenopathy, chancre, and pruritus weeks ago; now has headaches, somnolence, neuro Sns; slowly responds to pentamidine isothionate or suramin. TOW?
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Sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei
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454. Hx of rigidity, muscle spasm, and autonomic dysfunction Trismus due to masseter spasm in an infant w/ umbilical stump infection. Neurotoxin interferes w/
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GABA and glycine
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455. Hx of afebrile illness w/ diplopia, dysarthria, dysphoria, dysphagia, in a pt w/ IDU skin poppers with black tar heroin. Neurotoxin blocks the release of
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Acetylcholine
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456. Immediate treatment of a male infant w/ constipation, a weak cry, and drooling, hypotonea and cranial neuropathy, after ingestion of home-processed honey.
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Equine immune globulin (infant botulism)
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