Micro-Enterics4

Front 1

Diseases caused by the Enterobacteriaceae

Back 1

Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia

Front 2

Salmonella

Back 2

Gram negative bacilli, lactose negative
motile, H2S gas production

Front 3

Which bacteria has 2400 serotypes

Back 3

Salmonella

Front 4

______is the “major” species of salmonella

Back 4

S. choleraesuis

Front 5

organism that causes enteric fever:

Back 5

S. typhi

Front 6

S. typhimurium-

Back 6

less pathegenic

Front 7

Salmonella infection due to _______ of bacteria (contaminated food/water)

Back 7

ingestion

Front 8

Salmonella gets to small intestines where it enters ______ and then to basolateral surface

Back 8

M cells

Front 9

______ often ingest salmonella however it is
protected from host responses

Back 9

macrophages

Front 10

Salmonella alters host cells:
changes actin to allow for ______________ prevents lysosomal enzymes of macrophage from degrading bacteria

Back 10

“bacteria-mediated endocytosis”

Front 11

Salmonella is ______ by macrophages to:
liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow

Back 11

disseminated

Front 12

inflammatory cytokines secreted by activated macrophages and ______ symptoms likely due to host response against pathogen

Back 12

systemic

Front 13

______ often ingest salmonella however it is
protected from host responses

Back 13

macrophages

Front 14

Salmonella infections can be split into _______ & ________

Back 14

non-typhoid and typhoid

Front 15

Enteric (typhoid) fever is a systemic disease caused by ___________

Back 15

S. typhi or S. paratyphi

Front 16

You get Enteric (typhoid) fever from ________

Back 16

ingesting contaminated food

Front 17

pt who has recently returned from Africa reports a fever for 10 days which has gradually increased he also reports headache, myalgia, malaise. On PE he has rose spots (raised rash on front of chest)
at around 21 days he develops diarrhea. He developes hepato & splenomegly. Eventually he develops intestinal hemmhorraging that leads to his death
what is the dx

Back 17

Enteric (typhoid) fever

Front 18

diarrhea in enteric fever is due to ________

Back 18

inflammatory reaction in Peyer’s patches/GALT (= necrosis)

Front 19

what are some things that may predispose you to becoming a chronic carrier of salmonella

Back 19

you are infected and recover but you still have the organism in you're stool. Women and elderly are more likely to be carriers.

Front 20

in salmonella infxn of the ________ can supply bacteria to intestines

Back 20

gallbladder

Front 21

Diagnosis and treatment of typhoid fever

Back 21

positive diagnosis can be accomplished from stool, urine, or bone marrow culture
stool culture is often negative in 60-70% early in infection

Front 22

some strains of S. typhi have been shown to be __________. check for antibiotic susceptibility

Back 22

MDR (multidrug resistant)

Front 23

________ is characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea (many causes)

Back 23

acute gastritis

Front 24

Gastroenteritis is often caused by ________

Back 24

Salmonella

Front 25

symptoms of Gastroenteritis often present within ______ after ingestion and lasts _____. It is usually self limiting

Back 25

8-24hr
2-3 days.

Front 26

outbreaks of salmonella in U.S are usually due to (2)

Back 26

1) attributed to chicken eggs
2)exposure to pets

Front 27

Salmonellosis diagnosis and treatment

Back 27

stool culture
(sent to public health departments for phage typing)

Front 28

causes acute infectious inflammatory colitis (colon infection)
a/k/a – bacillary dysentery

Back 28

Shigella

Front 29

Shigella

Back 29

Gram negative rod (bacillus), non-motile
lactose negative
H2S negative

Front 30

Shigella: S. dysenteriae (Group A)

Back 30

most pathogenic

Front 31

Shigella: S. sonnei (Group D)

Back 31

most common cause of shigellosis in industrial world
mildest

Front 32

Shigella infection happens via ______ transmission from infected humans

Back 32

fecal-oral

Front 33

Shigella is ________ (need only ~200 cells to produce disease)

Back 33

highly communicable

Front 34

pt presents w/ abdominal cramps, diarrhea, fever, bloody stools
Labs show large numbers of WBC in stool
There is inflammatory damage to intestinal epithelium.
What is the dx?

Back 34

Shigella

Front 35

how do you dx Shigella?

Back 35

standard microbiological testing (selective/differential media: MacConkey followed by SS or Hektoen-enteric, etc)

Front 36

Shigella is invasive into _____ and macrophages of Peyer’s patch. This allows for replication of the bacteria and production of virulence proteins

Back 36

M cells

Front 37

Shigella causes ____ secretion and ______of macrophages

Back 37

IL-1b
apoptosis

Front 38

Shigella's ________ cause “ruffling” of epithelial cells
allows for endocytosis of the bacteria

Back 38

virulence proteins

Front 39

Shigella virulence proteins actin rearrangement allows for _________

Back 39

cell-to-cell spread

Front 40

S. dysenteriae produces _______(similar to EHEC)
destruction of intestinal epithelium (and spread of the bacteria)

Back 40

shiga toxin

Front 41

Yersinia

Back 41

Gram negative, pleomorphic rods

Front 42

. enterocolitica (and Y. pseudotuberculosis) causes _______

Back 42

acute enterocolitis

Front 43

associated with ingestion of contaminated food/milk (can grow at lower temperatures, 4°C)
with a blood transfusion septicemia

Back 43

Y. enterocolitica (and Y. pseudotuberculosis)

Front 44

45 year old woman with
persistent diarrhea has mucosal ulcerations
(terminal ileum)
What is the dx?

Back 44

Y. enterocolitica