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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is sterilization?
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The removal or destruction of all microbes, including viruses and endospores.
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What is aseptic
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describes an environment or procedure that is free of contamination by pathogens
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What is disinfection?
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The use of physical or chemical agents, including UV's, heat, alcohol and bleach to inhibit or destroy microoranisms, especially pathogens
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Which term does not gaurantee that all pathogens are eliminated?
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Disinfection, not sterilization
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When a chemical is used on skin or other tissue, what is the process called?
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Antisepsis
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What term referes to removing of microbes from a surface by scrubbing?
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Degerming
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What is the term that refers to the process of disinfecting places and utensils used by the public to reduce the number of pathogenic microbes to meet accepted public health standards?
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Sanitization
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What is the term that refers to the use of heat to kill pathogens and reduce the numner of spoilage microorganisms in foot and beverages?
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pastuerization
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what are the two major types of microbial control?
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Sterilization and disinfection
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what is the difference between static and cidal inhibition?
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Cidal destroy permanently.
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What is micobial death?
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The permanent loss of reproductive ability under ideal environmental conditions
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Microbial death rate is ___________ over time for any particular microorganism.
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Constant
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What are the two ways antimicrobial agents work?
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Altering the cell walls or membranes AND those that interrup cellualr metabolism and reproduction (alter proteins and nucleic acids)
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What are the 3 factors to consider in selecting a microbial control method?
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1. The nature of the sites to be treated
2. The degree of susceptibility of the microbes involved 3. The environmental conditions that pertain |
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What are the 3 most resistant forms of microbes?
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Endospores, mycobacterium, cysts of protozoa
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What are the 3 methods to measure the efficacy of antimicrobial agents?
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1. Phenol coefficient
2. Use-dilution test 3. In-use test |
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What does a phenol coefficient greater than 1.0 indicate?
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The agent is more effective than phenol, and the larger the ratio the greater the effectiveness.
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What are the 5 physical methods of microbial control
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exposure to extreme heat and cold, dessication, filtration, osmotic pressure and radiation.
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Thermal death point
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is the lowest temperature that kills all cells in a broth in 10 mins
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Thermal death time
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the time it takes to completely sterilize a particular volume of liquid at a set temperature
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