Meiosis Cyfair Hallmark

Front 1

Name the phases of interphase.

Back 1

G1, S, and G2

Front 2

What happens during G1?

Back 2

The cell grows

Front 3

What happens during G2?

Back 3

Preparation for mitosis

Front 4

When does the replication of DNA occur in the cell cycle?

Back 4

S Phase of interphase

Front 5

What are the 2 phases of cell division?

Back 5

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Front 6

List the phases of Mitosis in their proper sequence.

Back 6

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

Front 7

List the phases of Cell Division in their proper sequence.

Back 7

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis

Front 8

What does this picture represent?

Back 8

The Cell Cycle

Front 9

What does section A represent in the diagram?

Back 9

G1 Phase of Interphase

Front 10

Section B is?

Back 10

S Phase in Interphase

Front 11

Section C is?

Back 11

G2 Phase in interphase

Front 12

Section D is what phase?

Back 12

M Phase or Cell Division

Front 13

What is happening in the picture above?

Back 13

This is called crossing-over, and results in new genetic combinations.

Front 14

homologous chromosomes

Back 14

The two sets of chromosomes (one set from mom, one set from dad)

Front 15

diploid

Back 15

Cells that contain both sets of homologous chromosomes.

Front 16

haploid

Back 16

gametes of sexually reproducing organisms that only contain a single set of chromosomes

Front 17

Meiosis

Back 17

A process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell to form 4 genetically different haploid cells.

Front 18

What are 3 ways you could describe the image above?

Back 18

1 tetrad
2 Chromosomes
4 Chromatids

Front 19

These two chromosomes are attached with what?

Back 19

Centromere

Front 20

A person who has cancer has lost the ability to control _______________________?

Back 20

Cell Division

Front 21

How does sexual reproduction increase diversity?

Back 21

The recombination of genes from both parents.

Front 22

Mitosis results in the formation of what kind of cells?

Back 22

2 identical cells
Body cells

Front 23

Meiosis results in the formation of what kind of cells?

Back 23

4 geneticaly different cells
Sex Cells (gametes)

Front 24

Define Genetics

Back 24

Branch of Science that explains HOW traits are inherited

Front 25

Heredity

Back 25

The study of traits that are transmitted from one generation to the next.

Front 26

Traits

Back 26

Characteristics that are inherited

Front 27

Genes

Back 27

Sections of chromosomes (DNA) which determine the traits that will be inherited.

Front 28

Law of Dominance

Back 28

One gene prevents the expression of the other

Front 29

Law of Segregation

Back 29

During meiosis, the pairs of genes separate so that each gamete receives only one gene for each trait.

Front 30

Dominant Gene

Back 30

Always expressed if present for a trait
Dominant Allele = Capital Letter (B)

Front 31

Recessive Gene

Back 31

Only expressed if two are present for a trait
Recessive Allele = lowercase letter (b)

Front 32

Genotype

Back 32

combination of the two alleles (genes)
Ex TT, Tt, tt, RR, Rr, rr

Front 33

Phenotype

Back 33

physical features; what they look like… based on the genotype
Ex. Tall, Short, Round, Wrinkled

Front 34

Homozygous

Back 34

2 of the same alleles for the same trait
Ex. TT, tt, RR, rr

Front 35

Heterozygous

Back 35

Each allele is different for the same trait
Ex. Tt, Rr

Front 36

What are punnett squares used to determine?

Back 36

Use to determine the PROBABILITY of the offspring’s genotypes
This does NOT determine how many offspring will be produced, or tell exactly what the offspring’s genotype and phenotype will look like… just a PROBABILITY!!!

Front 37

What is incomplete dominance?

Back 37

Produce offspring with a third phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits (pink) 

Front 38

How do you find surface area?

Back 38

Surface area = numer of surfaces x length x width

Front 39

How do you find Volume?

Back 39

Volume = Length x width x height

Front 40

How do you find the surface area to volume ratio?

Back 40

Surface area to volume ratio = surface area/volume

Front 41

Does each cell get larger?
OR
Do cells divide to create more cells?

Back 41

Cells divide to produce more cells

Front 42

How many cells begin and end for mitosis?

Back 42

1 begins and 2 identical diploid cells end

Front 43

How many cells begin and end for meiosis?

Back 43

1 begins and 4 genetically different gamete cells end

Front 44

Name 3 problems that occur if a cell is too big.

Back 44

Make more demands on its DNA (DNA overload)

Have more trouble moving materials (oxygen & water) in, and waste out

Use food & oxygen more quickly

Front 45

When does crossing over occur?

Back 45

Late in Prophase 1

Front 46

What is independent assortment?

What does it produce?

Back 46

each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random.

Genetically different cells

Front 47

Muscle and skin in one person have different or the same DNA?

Back 47

Same

Front 48

What happens during Prophase?

Back 48

chromatin condenses (becomes visible) into chromosomes, centrioles separate, spindles begin to form, nuclear envelope breaks down “Prepare”

Front 49

What happens during Metaphase?

Back 49

chromosomes line up in center “middle”, chromosomes connect to spindle fiber at centromere

Front 50

What happens during Anaphase?

Back 50

sister chromatids separate (spindle fibers pull apart) and move apart. “Away”

Front 51

What happens during Telophase?

Back 51

chromosomes gather at opposite ends. 2 nuclear envelopes form “Two cells”

Front 52

What happens during Cytokinesis?

Back 52

Cytoplasm pinches in half. Each daughter cell has identical set of chromosomes. In a plant cell, a cell plate forms to separate the 2 cells. Division ends.