Medsci 142- Respiratory

Front 1

Respiration

Back 1

exchange of gases.

Front 2

Ventilation

Back 2

movement in and out

Front 3

External respiration

Back 3

in lungs, O2 absorbed into blood/capillaries, CO2 excreted.

Front 4

Internal respiration

Back 4

gas exchange between blood in capillaries + tissue fluid.

Front 5

Cellular respiration

Back 5

gaining energy, in mitochondria

Front 6

Air entering lungs must be...

Back 6

warm, humidified, filtered

Front 7

Air in alveolar sacs

Back 7

100% humidified

clean- no bacteria

37'C

Front 8

Conducting zone

Back 8

no gas exchange!

bronchi + bronchioles.

Front 9

Respiratory zone

Back 9

gas exchange!

alveolar ducts + sacs

Front 10

Type 2 pneumocyte secretes

Back 10

surfactant

Front 11

Function of surfactant

Back 11

keep alveoli open, stops collapsing when exhaling.

Front 12

Function of cartilage

Back 12

keeps airways open.

Front 13

Function of mucus glands

Back 13

sticky + wet, trap bacteria/foreign bodies.

Front 14

Function of smooth muscle

Back 14

allows control of air flow.

Front 15

Amount of air in lungs at end of normal expiration

Back 15

functional residual capacity

Front 16

Air will enter lungs only if

Back 16

alveolar pressure is less than barometric pressure.

Front 17

Force on lungs (FL)

Back 17

causes them to collapse.

arises from elastic recoil + surface tension of wet alveoli.

Front 18

Force on rib-cage (FCW)

Back 18

causes it to spring outward.

arises from stretched tissues in sterno-costal and costo-vertebral joints.

Front 19

Emphysema

Back 19

elastic fibres are lost from alveolar walls.

results in increased lung compliance.

Front 20

Tidal volume

Back 20

total volume of air moving in and out lungs in a single breath.

Front 21

Compliance

Back 21

how readily the lung inflates

(change Volume/ change P)

Front 22

Conductance

Back 22

how much air can pass through vessel in 'x' time.

Front 23

Dead space (VD)

Back 23

volume of the conducting airways.

at rest= 150mL

Front 24

Respiratory distress syndrome

Back 24

lack of pulmonary surfactant.

difficulty inflating lungs.

sufficient pressure must be overcome - elastic recoil + surface tension.

Front 25

Asthma

Back 25

bronchiolar constriction.

decreased radius= increase resistance.

increased muscular effort

Front 26

Pulmonary edema

Back 26

increased diffusion distance.

"water on the lung"

decreased gas exchange.