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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What dose is Aspirin? |
300mg |
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What do you need to check when Aspirin protocol is followed? |
Whether they took Aspirin, whether it was enteric coated and whether it was chewed/swallowed |
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What are the indications for Aspirin? |
Myocardial Ischaemia |
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What are the contraindications for Aspirin? |
None |
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What are the relative contraindications for Aspirin? |
Asthma or CORD, causing bronchospasm and pregnancy, can be associated with premature delivery. |
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What is the mechanism of action for Aspirin? |
It inhibits the enzyme cyclo oxygenate which results in anti pyretic, anti inflammatory, anti platelet and analgesic properties. Given for anti platelet properties and it lasts for the life of the platelet which are reproduced each day at 10% of total. |
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What is the dose of Entonox and the chemical make up? |
50% nitrous oxide, 50% oxygen and PRN. |
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What are the contraindications for Entonox? |
Unable to obey commands, suspected pneumothorax, suspected bowel obstruction, or has been scuba diving in past 24 hours. |
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What are the relative contraindications for Entonox? |
Repeated use/chronic pain syndrome |
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What is the mechanism of action for Entonox? |
Causes analgesia by effects on the central nervous system. It is thought that Entonox suppresses spinal impulses and may suppress supra spinal pathways. Also thought to have an effect on GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) which inhibits nerve cells causing drowsiness and sleepiness. |
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What are the common adverse effects of Entonox? |
Sedation, euphoria, nausea, metallic taste, auditory disturbances |
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What is the duration and onset of effect of Entonox? |
2-5 minutes |
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What are the indications for GTN? |
Myocardial Ischaemia and cardiogenic pulmonary oedema |
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What are the contraindications for GTN? |
Systolic BP less than 100, HR less than 40 or greater than 130. |
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What are the relative contraindications for GTN? |
Small or frail Inferior STEMI Poor perfusion Dysrhythmia is present Drug has been taken for erectile dysfunction in last 24 hours Known aortic stenosis |
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What is the mechanism of action for GTN? |
It reduces preload and after load. This is done by venous dilation which encourages peripheral pooling of blood which reduces venous return and pre load. Arterial dilation which reduces peripheral resistance and after load by reducing the amount of force required to eject blood from the left ventricle. Also a small amount of dilation of coronary arteries increasing blood supply to myocardium. |
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What are the pharmokinetics of GTN? |
GTN is metabolised into glycerol nitrate metabolites and inorganic nitrate it is then excreted via urine |
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What is the duration of effect for GTN? |
Usually 10-30 minutes however blood pressure effects can last longer |
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What are the common adverse effects of GTN? |
Hypotension, headache, flushing, tachycardia, light headedness |
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What are some of the interactions with GTN? |
Anyone taking a beta blocker or any anti hypertensives will experience greater effects. |
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What dose is glucagon? |
1mg |
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What is the mechanism of action of glucagon? |
It increases the amount of glucose in the blood by stimulating glycogenolysis which causes stored glycogen to be broken down into glucose predominantly in the liver. |
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What are some examples of when glucagon may not work? |
Patient has undertaken strenuous exercise, has not eaten in 12 hours or is suffering from chronic or alcohol induced hypoglycaemia. |
