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184 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Root |
Foundation or subject of the term |
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Suffix |
An ending that gives essential meaning to the term A word part placed at the end of a word. It describes something the root is doing or something that is happening to the root. |
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Prefix |
Added to the beginning of a term when needed to further modify the root |
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Why is medical language necessary? (3 answers) |
1. allows health care professionals to be clear. 2. allows health care professionals to comfort patients 3. allows health care professionals to communicate quickly |
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Medical language allows health care professionals to be clear because: |
We live in a multicultural society with a variety of languages and medical language is a way of speaking the same way about the same thing despite your native language |
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Medical language allows health care professionals to communicate quickly because: |
It is a quick way to speak to other health care professionals without taking the time to describe symptoms or examine findings. |
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Medical language allows health care professionals to comfort patients because: (3 answers) |
1. It communicates a sense that the heath care professionals are in control of the situation 2. It lets patients know that the health care professionals are not caught off guard by the symptoms at hand. 3. It lets the patients know that the heath care professionals know what is going on. |
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What two languages is medical language primarily made up from? |
Greek and Latin |
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eponyms |
word formed by including the name of the person who discovered or invented whatever is being described |
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acronyms |
a word made up of the first letters of each of the words that make up a phrase |
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modern language words |
tend to come from whatever language happens to be the most commonly spoken by the majority of health care professionals |
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Hippocratic Oath |
The foundation of modern medical ethical codes. It is named after and was possibly composed by Hippocrates, who is the father of Western Medicine (460BC - 370BC) |
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Where was the foundation of Western Medicine? |
Greece and Rome |
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What was the global language of the scientific revolution |
Latin |
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Scientific Method |
A set of techniques developed during the scientific revolution that uses observation and experimentation for developing, testing, and proving or disproving hypothesis |
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Why does medical language use Greek and Latin? (3 answers) |
1. The foundations of Western medicine were in Greece and Rome 2. Latin was the global language of the scientific revolution 3. Dead languages don't change |
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ultima |
the last syllable |
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penult |
second to last syllable |
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antepenult |
third to last syllable |
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three syllable rule |
Usually, for the sake of emphasis, the only syllables you need to focus on are the last three syllables. So starting at the end of the word, count back three syllables. |
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arthr/o (AR-throh) |
joint (arthroscope, arthritis) |
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cardio/o (Kar-dee-oh) |
heart (cardiology, pericardium) |
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enter/o (EN-ter-oh) |
small intestine (enteropathy, dysentery) |
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gastro/o (GAS-tro) |
stomach (gastrointestinal, gastritis) |
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hepat/o (he-PAH-toh) |
liver (hepatology, hepatitis) |
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neur/o (NUR-oh) |
nerve (neurology, neuralgia) |
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hem/o (HEE-moh) |
blood (hemorrhage) |
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hemat/o (heh-MAH-toh) |
blood (hematoma) |
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my/o (MAI-oh) |
muscle (myocardial, myalgia) |
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muscul/o (MUS-kyoo-loh) |
muscle (musculoskeletal, muscular) |
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angi/o (AN-gee-oh) |
vessel (most commonly refers to blood vessel, but can also refer to other types of vessels as well) (angioplasty, angiectomy) |
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vas/o (VAS-oh) |
vessel (most commonly refers to blood vessel, but can also refer to other types of vessels as well)
(vasospasm, vasectomy) |
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vascul/o (VAS-kyoo-loh) |
vessel (most commonly refers to blood vessel, but can also refer to other types of vessels as well)
(vasculopathy, vasculitis) |
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derm/o (DER-moh) |
skin (dermoscopy, dermis) |
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dermat/o (der-MAT-oh) |
skin (dermatology, dermis) |
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cutane/o (kyoo-TAY-nee-oh) |
skin (subcutaneous) |
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pneum/o (NOO-mah) |
lung (pneumatomy) |
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pneumon/o (noo-MAW-noh) |
lung (pneumonia, pneumonitis) |
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pulmon/o (PUL-maw-noh) |
lung (pulmonologist, cardiopulmonary) |
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gen/o (JIN-oh) |
creation, cause (pathogenic) |
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hydr/o (HAI-droh) |
water (hydrophobia, dehydration) |
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morph/o (MOR-foh) |
change (morphology) |
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myc/o (MAI-koh) |
fungus (dermatomycosis) |
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necr/o (NEK-roh) |
death (necrosis) |
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orth/o (OR-thoh) |
straight (orthodontist) |
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path/o (PAH-thoh) |
suffering, disease (pathology) |
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phag/o (FAY-goh) |
eat (aphagia) |
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plas/o (PLAS-oh) |
formation (hyperplasia) |
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ph/o (PAI-oh) |
pus (pyorrhea, pyemia) |
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scler/o (SKLEH-roh) |
hard (scleroderma) |
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sten/o (STIH-noh) |
narrowing (stenosis) |
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troph/o (TROH-foh) |
nourishment, development (trophology, hypertrophy) |
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xen/o (ZEE-noh) |
foreign (xenograft) |
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-ac (ak) |
pertaining to (cardiac) |
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-al (al) |
pertaining to (skeletal) |
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-ar (ar) |
pertaining to (muscular) |
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-ary (ar-ee) |
pertaining to (pulmonary) |
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-eal (ee-al) |
pertaining to (esophageal) |
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-ic (ik) |
pertaining to (medic) |
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-tic (tik) |
pertaining to (neurotic) |
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-ous (us) |
pertaining to (subcutaneous) |
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-ia (ee-ah) |
condition (pneumonia) |
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-ism (iz-um) |
condition (autism) |
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-ium (ee-um) |
tissue, structure (pericardium) |
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-y (ee) |
condition, procedure (hypertrophy) |
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What does a diminutive suffix do? |
When added to a root, they transform a term's meaning to a smaller version of the root in English. |
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-icle (ik-el) |
small (ventricle) |
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-ole (ohl) |
small (arteriole) |
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-ule (yool) |
small (pustule) |
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-ula (yoo-lah) |
small (uvula) |
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-iatrics (ee-AH-triks) |
medical science (pediatrics) |
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-iatry (AI-ah-tree) |
medical science (psychiatry) |
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-iatrist (EE-ah-trist) |
specialist in medicine of (psychiatrist) |
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-ist (ist) |
specialist (dentist) |
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-logist (loh-jist) |
specialist in the study of (psychologist) |
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-logy (loh-jee) |
study of (psychology) |
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-algia (AL-jah) |
pain (myalgia) |
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-dynia (DAI-nee-ah) |
pain (gastrodynia) |
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-cele (SEEL) |
hernia (hydrocele) |
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hernia |
a bulging of tissue into a n area where it doesn't belong |
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-emia (EE-mee-ah) |
blood condition (leukemia) |
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-iasis (AI-ah-sis) |
presence of (lithiasis) |
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-itis (AI-tis) |
inflammation (arthritis) |
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-lysis (lih-sis) |
loosen, break down (hemolysis) |
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-malacia (mah-LAY-shah) |
abnormal softening (osteomalacia) |
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-megaly (MEH-gah-lee) |
enlargement (hepatomegaly) |
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-oid (OYD) |
resembling (keloid) |
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-oma (OH-mah) |
tumor (melanoma) |
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-osis (OH-sis) |
condition (thrombosis) |
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-pathy (pah-thee) |
disease (myopathy) |
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-penia (PEE-nee-ah) |
deficiency (leukopenia) |
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-ptosis (puh-TOH-sis) |
drooping (nephroptosis) |
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-rrhagia (RAY-jee-ah) |
excessive flow (menorrhagia) |
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-rrhage (RIJ) |
excessive flow (hemorrhage) |
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-rrhea (REE-ah) |
flow (diarrhea) |
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-rrhexis (REK-sis) |
rupture (metrorrhexis) |
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-spasm (SPAZ-um) |
involuntary contraction (myospasm) |
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test |
a procedure done to gain more information in order to diagnose a problem. |
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treatment |
a process done after a diagnosis to fix a problem |
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-centesis (sin-TEE-sis) |
puncture (amniocentesis) |
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-gram (gram) |
written record (cardiogram) |
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-graph (graf) |
instrument used to produce a record (cardiograph) |
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-graphy (grah-fee) |
writing procedure (cardiography) |
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-meter (mee-ter) |
instrument used to measure (cephalometer) |
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-metry (meh-tree) |
process of measuring (cephalometry) |
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-scope (skohp) |
instrument used to look (arthroscope) |
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-scopy (skoh-pee) |
process of looking (arthroscopy) |
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-desis (DEE-sis) |
binding, fixation (arthrodesis) |
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-ectomy (EK-toh-mee) |
removal (vasectomy) |
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-pexy (PEK-see) |
surgical fixation (retinopexy) |
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-plasty (PLAS-tee) |
reconstruction (rhinoplasty) |
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-rrhaphy (rah-fee) |
suture (herniorrhaphy) |
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-stomy (stoh-mee) |
creation of an opening (colostomy) |
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-tomy (toh-mee) |
incision (dermotomy) |
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a- (ay) |
not (aphasia) |
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an- (an) |
not (anemia) |
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anti- (AN-tee) |
against (antibiotics) |
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contra- (KON-trah) |
against (contraceptive) |
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de- (dee) |
down, away from (dehydration) |
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ante- (an-tee) |
before (antepartum) |
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pre- (pree) |
before (precondition) |
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pro- (proh) |
before, on behalf of (probiotic) |
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brady- (brah-dih) |
slow (bradycardia) |
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tachy- (tak-ih) |
fast (tachycardia) |
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post- (pohst) |
after (postpartum) |
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re- (ree) |
again (rehabilitation) |
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ab- (ab) |
away (abduct) |
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ad- (ad) |
toward (adrenaline) |
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circum- (sir-kum) |
around (circumcision) |
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peri- (per-ee) |
around (pericardium) |
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dia- (dai-ah) |
through (diagnostic) |
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trans- (tranz) |
through (translate) |
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e- (eh) |
out (evoke) |
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ec- (ek) |
out (ectopic) |
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ex- (eks) |
out (exhale) |
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ecto- (ek-toh) |
outside (ectoderm) |
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exo- (ek-soh) |
outside (exoskeleton) |
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extra- (eks-trah) |
outside |
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en- (en) |
in, inside (enema) |
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endo- (en-doh) |
in, inside (endocrine) |
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intra- (in-trah) |
in, inside (intravenous) |
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epi- (eh-pee) |
upon (epididymus) |
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sub- (sub) |
beneath (subcutaneous) |
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inter- (in-ter) |
between (intercostal) |
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bi- (bai) |
two (bilateral) |
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hemi- (heh-mee) |
half (hemiplegia) |
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semi- (seh-mee) |
half (semilunar) |
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hyper- (hai-per) |
over (hyperthermia) |
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hypo- (hai-poh) |
under (hypothermia) |
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macro- (mak-roh) |
large (macrotia) |
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micro- (mai-kroh) |
small (microdontia) |
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mono- (maw-noh) |
one (monocyte) |
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uni- (yoo-nee) |
one (unisex) |
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oligo- (aw-lih-goh) |
few (oligomenorrhea) |
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pan- (pan) |
all (pancytopenia) |
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poly- (pawlee) |
many (polygraph) |
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multi- (mul-tee) |
many (multicellular) |
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con- (kon) |
with, together (congestion) |
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syn- (sin) |
with, together (syndrome) |
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sym- (sim) |
with, together (symmetry) |
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dys- (dis) |
bad (dysentery) |
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eu- (yoo) |
good (euphoria) |
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splenomegaly splen/o/-megaly |
enlargement of the spleen |
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hepatosplenomegaly hepat/o/splen/o/-megaly |
enlargement of the liver and spleen |
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gastroenterology gastr/o/enter/o/-logy |
study of the stomach and intestine |
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myalgia my/-algia |
muscle pain |
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splenectomy splen/-ectomy |
surgical removal of the spleen |
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carditis cardi/-itis |
inflammation of the heart |
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angiectomy (an-jee-EK-toh-mee) |
surgical removal of a vessel angi / ectomy vessel / removal |
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arthritis (ar-THRAI-tis) |
inflammation of the joint arthr / itis joint / inflammation |
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cardiology (kar-dee-AW-loh-jee) |
study of the heart cardio / logy heart / study of |
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hepatitis (heh-pah-TAI-tis) |
inflammation of the liver hapat / itis liver / inflammation |
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myalgia (mal-AL-jah) |
pain of muscle my / algia muscle / pain |
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osteotomy (AWS-tee-AW-toh-mee) |
incision into a bone osteo / tomy bone / incision |
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angiosclerosis (AN-jee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis) |
hardening of a blood vessel anglo / scler / osis vessel / hard / condition |
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cardiopulmonary (KAR-dee-oh-PUL-mon-AR-ee) |
pertaining to the heart and lungs cardio / pulmon / ary heart / lung / pertaining to |
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dermatomycosis (der-MAH-toh-mai-KOH-sis) |
skin condition caused by fungus dermato / myc / osis skin / fungus / condition |
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dysentery (dis-en-TER-ee) |
bad intestine condition (another name for severe diarrhea) dys / enter / y bad / intestine / condition |
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hepatosplenomegaly (heh-PAH-toh-SPLEH-noh-MEH-gah-lee) |
enlargement of the liver and sleen hepato / spleno /megaly liver / spleen / enlargement |
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hyperplasia (hai-per-PLAY-zhah) |
overformation condition hyper / plas / ia over / formation / condition |
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hypoglycemia (hai-poh-glai-SEE-mee-ah) |
condition characterized by low sugar in the blood (low blood sugar) hypo / glyc / emia under / sugar / blood condition |
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osteocarcinoma (AW-stee-oh-KAR-sih-NOH-mah) |
bone cancer tumor osteo / carcin / oma bone / cancer / tumor |
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osteomyelitis (AW-stee-oh-MAI-eh-LAI-tis) |
inflammation of the bone marrow osteo / myel / itis bone / marrow / inflammation |
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pericardium (peh-ree-KAR-dee-um) |
tissue around the heart peri / card / ium around / heart / tissue |
