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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Real numbers
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All numbers on the number line. This includes (but is not limited to) positives and negatives, integers and rational numbers, square roots, cube roots , π (pi), etc. Real numbers are indicated by either or .
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Irrational numbers
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Real numbers that are not rational. Irrational numbers include numbers such as , , , π, e, etc.
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Whole numbers
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The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.
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Coefficient
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The number multiplied times a product of variables or powers of variables in a term. For example, 123 is the coefficient in the term 123x3y.
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Reflexive property
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The property that a = a. One of the equivalence properties of equality.
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Transitive property of Equality
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The following property: If a = b and b = c, then a = c. One of the equivalence properties of equality.
Note: This is a property of equality and inequalities. One must be cautious, however, when attempting to develop arguments using the transitive property in other settings. Here is an example of an unsound application of the transitive property: "Team A defeated team B, and team B defeated team C. Therefore, team A will defeat team C." |
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Associative property
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Any operation ⊕ for which (a⊕b)⊕c = a⊕(b⊕c) for all values of a, b, and c. Addition and multiplication are both associative. Subtraction and division are not. For example, (3 + 4) + 5 = 3 + (4 + 5) but (3 – 4) – 5 ≠ 3 – (4 – 5).
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Term
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Parts of an expression or series separated by + or – signs, or the parts of a sequence separated by commas.
Expression Terms 5a3 – 2xy + 3 5a3, 2xy, and 3 p, 2q, a2, and b |
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Additive inverse property
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The formal name for the property of equality that allows one to add the same quantity to both sides of an equation. This, along with the multiplicative property of equality, is one of the most commonly used properties for solving equations.
Property: If a = b then a + c = b + c. Example: x – 5 = 7 (x – 5) + 5 = 7 + 5 x = 12 |
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Function
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A relation for which each element of the domain corresponds to exactly one element of the range. For example, is a function because each number x in the domain has only one possible square root. On the other hand, is not a function because there are two possible values for any positive value of x.
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