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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which bilirubin is likely seen in dark urine?
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Conjugated bilirubin
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What type of bilirubin is elevated in blood if disease is hepato-biliary?
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Both conjugated and unconjugated are elevated
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Which type of bilirubin is elevated in blood if disease is cholestatic?
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Conjugated bilirubin
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Is splenomegaly seen in SS sickle cell disease?
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No, because spleen is autoinfarcted early in life
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What do liver transaminases look like on a LFT during hepatitis?
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Elevated
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What do liver transaminases look like on a LFT during cirrhosis?
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Normal
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What are the signs and symptoms of hepatitis? (2)
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- Tender, enlarged liver
- Portal HTN |
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What are the signs and symptoms of cirrhosis? (3)
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- Elevated PT, bilirubin, low platelets
- Non-tender liver - Portal HTN |
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What are the top 3 symptoms of hepatitis?
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- Dark urine
- Fatigue/malaise - Loss of appetite |
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What occurs if bone marrow cannot make red cells?
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Spleen and liver take over (and thus enlarge)
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Which sickle cell disease can give a big spleen?
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SC sickle cell anemia
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Between a spleen and kidney, which moves with inspiration?
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Spleen
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What defines hepatomegaly?
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Liver is >12 cm at midclavicular line
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What causes palmar erythema?
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Inability of cirrhotic liver to metabolize estrogen properly
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What causes hyperventilation in cirrhosis?
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Primary respiratory alkalosis due to high progesterone
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Why does asterixis and encephalopathy occur due to cirrhosis?
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Hyper-ammonated amino acids serve as false NTs
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What is asterixis?
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Hand held out and dorsiflexed, with pressure, patient loses tone and hand falls repeatedly as a flapping tremor
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Which vasculitis is associated with Hepatitis C?
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Mixed cryoglobulinemia
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What is the normal range for AST?
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13-30
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What is the normal range for ALT?
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10-28
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What is true of the ratio of AST:ALT in regards to alcoholic cirrhosis?
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The higher the AST/ALT ratio, the more likely the causation is alcohol
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What is the maximal value of AST for alcoholic cirrhosis?
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Always <500 IU/L
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What is the normal range for alkaline phosphatase?
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30-100
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In what cells is ALK present?
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Bile duct cells
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What composes the liver function test?
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- Bilirubin
- Albumin - Prothrombin time |
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What is the normal value of bilirubin?
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<1.0 (all indirect)
<0.1 direct |
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What is the normal range of albumin?
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3.5-5.0
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What is the normal range for prothrombin time (INR)?
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11.5 - 13.0 secs
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What is the best lab value for determining fulminant hepatic failure?
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INR
(if it progressively rising, pt is getting worse) |
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Which bilirubin is high in Gilbert Disease?
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unconjugated bilirubin
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What would malaria reveal in LFTs?
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High bilirubin but no change in AST/ALT
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How long does it take for acetaminophen overdose to present?
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Several days
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What does alpha-fetoprotein test for?
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Hepatic carcinoma
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