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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chiasmus
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Rhetorical Figure
ABBA ABCCBA Usually used by Cicero to achieve antithesis Silence, ye troubled Waves, and thou Deep, peace. --John Milton |
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Anaphora
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The repretition of a single word (usually the first)
Ex: I started to dress like a Jamaican, I started to listen to Jamaican music, I started to have kids I don't know about... --Russel Peters |
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Anticipation
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Use of certain words or phrases to raise the audience's expectation of particular grammatical constructions
Ex: ab eis--->artibus<----quibus aetas puerilis ad humanitatem informari solet eis is ablative, from that we know the next word artibus is albative, and quibus too, the next word it looks like words have to be connected to be an anticipation |
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Antithesis
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The juxtaposition of contrasting terms or grammatical units for rhetorical effect
Ex: Not that I love Caesar less, but that I love Rome more. |
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Apposition
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A noun describing another noun, usually set off by a comma
Apud praetorem populi Romani, lectissimum virum. Lectissimum virum is the apposition |
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Aprodosis
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The result of the if statement
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Asyndeton
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Several clauses position together without any conjunction
I came, I saw, I conquered. --Julius Caesar |
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Bipartite Construction
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Any construction that consists of two parts. The cases of the leading words are the same.
Ex: Ille corporis motu tantum amorem sibi conciliarat a nobis omnibus; nos animorum incredibilis motus celeritatemque ingeniorum neglegemus? The two parts are separated by a semicolon. Ille corporis and nos animorum are of the same case, and they are the leading words of the two sentences. Therefore the entire sentence uses the bipartite construction |
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Bracketing (Hyperbation)
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The insertion of a word or a phrase between two elements of a grammatical construction that syntactically should stand together
Ratio aliqua ab optimarum artium studiis ac disciplina profecta Ratio and profecta should go together, but the middle text is inserted |
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Comparandum
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The second part of the if statement
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connecting relative pronoun
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A relative pronoun that stands a t the beginning of a new sentence and serves to connect it to the one preceding in which its antecedent lies
Arichias...venit Heracleam. Quae cum esset civitas quae is the connecting relative |
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Exordium
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Introduction of a judicial speech
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Expolitio
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The elaboration of a theme previously introduced
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Hendiadys
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use of conjunction for something that should be expressed with a modified noun
rainy and mondays >> rainy mondays |
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Hypotaxis
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The subordinate clause started with a subordinate pronoun
ex: I will go when I am ready when I am ready is the hyoptaxis |
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Hysteron Proteron
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The reversal of natural order of ideas
"to slip and fall" >> "to fall and slip" |
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Litotes
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double negative
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narratio
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the part of judicial speech where the orator presents the facts of the case
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Occupatio
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anticipates an opponent's objection and refutes it
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Parallelism
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Symmetrical arrangement of a series of related words, phrases or clauses
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Periodicity
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A trademark of Ciceroniam rhetorical style, it invovles the suspension until final position of a word that is syntactically necessary
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Peroratio
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closing argument of the orator, making final appeal by summarizing all the themes he talked about
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Prolepsis
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The use of a word in the clause preceding the one where it should naturally appear
ex: si quid est in me ingeni, iudices, quod sentio quam sit exiguum. If there is in me any talent, judges, I sense how little it is. "it" is the prolepsis or is it? Some dictionary says it is flashforward |
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Refutatio
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The part of a judicial speech containing a rebuttal, or counter argument, to the opposition's case
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Syncopation
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The omission of a letter or a syllable from the middle of a word
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Synecdoche
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Part for the whole
ex: bread winner bread is the part of food |
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tricolon
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A list of three things
Seem to impress people |
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Tripartite construction
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Any construction consisting of three parts, ranging from words and phrases, to clauses and sentences. Cicero's favorite rhetorical devices
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Variatio
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Devication from structural expectation for the sake of avoiding predictable symmetry or repetition
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Zeugma
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A rhetorical device through which a single verb governs two or more objects in different ways
Ex: "he held his breath and the door for his wife." |
