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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What four tissue types are found in the body?
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Epithelial, connective. nervous, muscle
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What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
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"boundary between different environments" Epithelium is a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a cavity.
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Describe epithelial tissue using one word.
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covering
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What is the main function of connective tissue?
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The main function of connective tissue are binding and support, protection, insulation and transportation.
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Describe connective tissue using one word.
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support
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What is the main function of nervous tissue?
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Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system, which regulates and controls body functions.
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Describe nervous tissue using one word.
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control
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What is the main function of muscle tissue?
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Muscle tissue are highly cellular, well-vascularized tissues responsible for movement.
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Describe muscle tissue using one word?
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movement
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What is a group of similar cells that are together to perform a common function?
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Tissue is a group of similar cells that are together to preform a common function.
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What type of tissue is a sheet of cells that covers the body surface or lines a body cavity?
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Epithelial tissue
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What are some functions of epithelial tissues?
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provides a "boundary between different environments, covering or lining epithelium, glandular epithelium
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What type of tissue has a recognizable top and bottom and has cells that are tightly bound together?
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epithelial tissue
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True or False. Epithelial tissue contains blood vessels?
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False
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True or False. Epithelial tissue contain nerve fibers?
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True epithelial tissue is avascular but innervated.
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What is the general shape (number of sides) of epithelial tissue?
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cells are 6 sided
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What has a high capability for regeneration and repair even though it does not have blodd vessels?
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Epithelial tissue
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All epithelial tissue rests on__________ tissue?
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All epithelial tissue rests on connective tissue.
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What is a basement membrane?
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Reticular lamina (connective tissue) support epithelial tissue which make up the basement membrane
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What is the difference between stratified and simple epithelial tissue?
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The difference between stratified and simple eoithelial tissue is how many layers they have. simple is one layer stratified is more than one
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What do you call an epithelial tissue that has cells that are flat and are stacked many layers thick?
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Stratified (outer portion of skin)
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Simple epithelium
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refers to tissue that have one layer
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Stratified epithelium
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refers to tissue that is more then one layer thick
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What are different shapes of epithelial tissue?
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squamous, cuboidal, columar
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When naming epithelial tissue with many layers (which is called), what layer of cells does one look at to determine the name?
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stratified refers to many layers and one would look at the apical layer of the cell to name.
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What are the function(s) of pseudostratifed columnar epithelium?
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secretion and absorption; present in male sperm ducts, ciliated in trachea and upper respitory tract.
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What type of tissue forms the outer portion of the skin?
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stratified squamous
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How many layers of cells are present in pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
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pseudostratified columnar is a single layer.
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T/F all cells of pseudostratified columnar epithelium reach the surface.
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False: cells have variable heights.
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What is the major function of stratified squamous epithelial tissue?
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protection of underlying areas subjected to abrasion.
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What is the major function of stratified cuboidal/columnar epithelial tissue?
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Stratified columnar-gladular ducts. They are rare/limited in the body. Stratified cuboidal-mamary glands (secretion)
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Where would you find transitional epithelium?
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The lining of hollow organs in the urinary system.
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What type of tissue allows for stretching in the urinary system?
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Transitional epithelium.
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What is special about the shape of the cells in transitional epithelial tissue?
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They change shape to permit the stretching of the urinary bladder.
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What is the definition of a gland?
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One or more cells that make and secrete and aqueous fluid.
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What is the difference between multicellular and unicellular glands?
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The number of cells forming the gland.
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What type of glands are usually embedded within epithelial sheets?
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exocrine glands.
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What type of gland secretes onto the body?
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exocrine glands.
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What are the two parts of an exocrine gland?
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secretory unit and duct.
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What are some examples of secretions of the exocrine glands?
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Mucus, sweat, oil and salivary glands.
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What is a goblet cell?
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The only important unicellular gland secretes mucin.
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Where does an endocrine gland secrete its products?
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Into lymph or blood.
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What type of gland secretes hormones?
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endocrine glands.
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What is special about how a merocrine releases its products?
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It releases it as it is made.
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What is special about how a holocrine releases its products?
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Accumulates until they bursts, all is released at once. e.g. oil glands in the skin.
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What are the four classes of connective tissue?
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Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue and blood.
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What type of embryonic layer does all connective tissue arise from?
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Mesenchyme.
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What is the most abundant major tissue type in the human body?
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Connective tissue.
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Connective tissue has very____ (high/low) cell density.
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Low
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What makes up most of the space of connective tissues?
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Non-living extracellular matrix.
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What special cells can be found in connective tissues and where would you find them?
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fibrocytes-connective tissue proper, chondrocytes-cartilage, osteocytes-bone, and erythrocytes-blood.
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What is the loosely organized material that sits between cells in connective tissue?
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ground substance.
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What is ground substance composed of?
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Interstitial fluids (H2O)
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Why do nutrients easily diffuse through most connective tissues?
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Interstitial fluid is mainly H2O.
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___ connective tissue is mostly composed of ground substance and is usually used as a soft packing tissue.
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loose connective tissue.
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What is the most abundant connective tissue?
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areolar connective tissue.
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What are the major function of areolar tissue?
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wraps and cushions organs.
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What are the major functions of adipose tissues?
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reserved food stores, insulates against heat loss and supports and protects organs.
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Fat makes up 90% of what kind of tissue?
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adipose tissue.
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_____ connective tissue is mostly composed of protein fibers and is strong in resisting mechanical stress.
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dense regular.
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What special cells can be found in connective tissues and where would you find them?
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fibrocytes-connective tissue proper, chondrocytes-cartilage, osteocytes-bone, and erythrocytes-blood.
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What is the loosely organized material that sits between cells in connective tissue?
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ground substance.
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What is ground substance composed of?
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Interstitial fluids (H2O)
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Why do nutrients easily diffuse through most connective tissues?
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Interstitial fluid is mainly H2O.
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___ connective tissue is mostly composed of ground substance and is usually used as a soft packing tissue.
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loose connective tissue.
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What is the most abundant connective tissue?
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areolar connective tissue.
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What are the major function of areolar tissue?
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wraps and cushions organs.
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What are the major functions of adipose tissues?
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reserved food stores, insulates against heat loss and supports and protects organs.
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Fat makes up 90% of what kind of tissue?
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adipose tissue.
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_____ connective tissue is mostly composed of protein fibers and is strong in resisting mechanical stress.
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dense regular.
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True or False. Fibers of irregular dense connective tissue run parallel to each other?
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False, the fibers run in all directions
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True or False. Fibers of regular dense connective tissue run parallel to each other?
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True
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What type of dense connective tissue is found in the walls of large arteries?
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elastic dense connective tissue
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What type of connective tissue is mostly made of tissue fluid and withstands tension and compression?
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cartilage
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True or False. Cartilage contains blood vessels but no nerve fibers?
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False cartilage lacks nerve fibers and blood vessels.
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What type of cartilage is the most abundant in the body?
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hyaline cartilage
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The ends of long bones and the tip of the nose are examples of _________ cartilage.
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hyaline cartilage
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How is elastic cartilage different when compared to hyaline cartilage?
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Elastic cartilage has more elastic fibers and maintains shape and structure while allowing flexibility.
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Where can you find examples of elastic cartilage?
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external ear and epiglottis
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How is fibrous cartilage different when compared to hyaline cartilage?
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fibrous cartilage is less firm with thick collagen fibers provides strong support and absorbs compression shock
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Intervertebral disks are an example of _______ cartilage.
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fibrous
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True or False. Bone is composed of collagen fibers and organic calcium salts?
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False; bones are made of collagen fibers but inorganic calcium salts.
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What type of connective tissue is the site of blood cell synthesis?
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Bone
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What type of connective tissue is the way that the cardiovascular system transports nutrients?
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Blood
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______________ is united with other connective tissues because it arises from the mesenchyme embryonic layer.
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Blood
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What are the major functions of nervous tissue?
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They transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors (muscles and glands)
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What type of tissue is responsible for body movements?
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Muscle tissue
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What type of muscle tissue is attached to bones and is responsible for external body movements?
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Skeletal tissue
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What is the main function of cardiac muscle tissue?
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lines the walls of the heart and as it contracts it propels blood into circulation; involuntary movement
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Where would you find smooth muscle tissue?
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Found in the walls of hollow organs; propels substances along internal passageways.
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What two tissues types make up the membranes of the body?
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stratified squamous and dense irregular connective tissue
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True or False. Membranes if the body are organs?
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True they are considered simple organs because they contain 2 tissue types.
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Where would you find the cutaneous membrane?
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Is your skin
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What body membrane is considered a dry membrane?
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Cutaneous membrane
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What body membranes are considered wet membranes?
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Mucous membrane and serous membranes
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What major body membrane lines the internal body cavities that are open to the environment?
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Mucous membrane
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What is an example of a mucous membrane?
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digestive and respiratory tracts; nasal cavity and esophagus lining
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Which group of major body membranes is a double layered membrane and has a lubricating layer between the membranes?
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Serous membrane
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What major body membrane reduces the friction of organs that move across one another?
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Serous membrane
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