Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Heredity |
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. |
|
Offspring |
children |
|
Gene |
(in informal use) a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
|
Genetic Trait |
An inherited characteristic |
|
Allele |
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
|
Genotype |
the genetic constitution of an individual organism. |
|
Phenotype |
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
|
Dominant |
most important, powerful, or influential. |
|
Recessive |
relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent. |
|
Homozygous |
homozygous. If you're homozygous, you've got a pair of matching alleles, which are the two genes that control a particular trait. If both your alleles that determine blood type are O, you're homozygous — and you've got type O blood. |
|
Heterzygous |
The genetics term heterozygous refers to a pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive — they're different. Like all words with the prefix hetero, this has to do with things that are different — specifically genes. |
|
Cross |
The deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. |
|
monohybrid punnett square |
cross is the study of the inheritance of one characteristic. |
|
F1 generation |
An F1 hybrid (or filial 1 hybrid) is the first filial generation of offspring of distinctly different parental types. |
|
Simple Dominance |
Simple dominance occurs when an inherited trait is coded for by a single gene and that gene has two versions, or alleles: the dominant version and the recessive version. The dominant allele of the gene hides the presence of the recessive allele. |
|
Incomplete dominance |
Incomplete dominance is a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele. |
|
co-dominance |
Codominance is a relationship between two versions of a gene. Individuals receive one version of a gene, called an allele, from each parent. If the alleles are different, the dominant allele usually will be expressed, while the effect of the other allele, called recessive, is masked |
|
hybrid |
the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties, such as a mule (a hybrid of a donkey and a horse). |