Intro To Radiology Chapter 1

Front 1

bucky

Back 1

a moving grid that limits the amount of scattered radiation reaching a radiographic film, thereby increasing the image contrast

Front 2

cassette

Back 2

a device used in radiography for holding a sheet of x-ray film and a set of intensifying screens

Front 3

collimator

Back 3

a device for limiting the size and shape of a radiation beam

Front 4

detent

Back 4

is a special mechanism that tends to stop a moving part in a specific location

Front 5

dosimeter

Back 5

an instrument to detect and measure accumulated radiation exposure

Front 6

erthyema

Back 6

"radiation burn", or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes caused by the dilation of congestion of superficial capillaries

Front 7

fluoroscope

Back 7

a device used for the immediate projection of a radiographic image on a fluorescent screen for visual examination

Front 8

grid

Back 8

a device used during a radiographic examination to absorb radiation that is not heading along a straight line from the x-ray source to the film

Front 9

image intensifier

Back 9

an electronic device used to produce a fluoroscopic image with a low-radiation exposure

Front 10

kilovoltage peak (kVp)

Back 10

potential difference measured at the peak of the electrical cycle

Front 11

latent image

Back 11

it is the image of the patient is contained in the emulsion of the radiographic film

Front 12

milliamperage (mA)

Back 12

a unit of electric current that is one thousandth of an ampere

Front 13

Milliampere-seconds (mAs)

Back 13

the product obtained by multiplying the electric current in milliamperes by the exposure time in seconds

Front 14

source-image-distance (SID)

Back 14

the distance between the x-ray tube target and the image receptor, measured along the CR

Front 15

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

Back 15

discovered the x-rays in 1895

Front 16

early radiation injuries

Back 16

skin burns, hair loss, anemia

Front 17

focal spot

Back 17

small area on the target

Front 18

primary x-ray beam

Back 18

from the focal spot, x-rays diverge into space

Front 19

radiation field

Back 19

cross section of the x-ray beam at the point where it is utilized

Front 20

central ray

Back 20

photon in the center of primary beam and perpendicular to the long axis of the x-ray tube

Front 21

collimator

Back 21

x-ray beam size is restricted by the size of the port, controls the field size

Front 22

primary radiation

Back 22

the x-ray beam that leaves the tube and is not attenuated, except by air

Front 23

scatter radiation

Back 23

radiation is scattered or created as a result of the attenuation of the primary x-ray beam

Front 24

remnant radiation

Back 24

what remains of the primary beam after it has been attenuated by matter

Front 25

x-ray tube housing

Back 25

protective covering around the x-ray tube

-protects and supports components

-shields from off-focus radiation

Front 26

x-ray tube support

Back 26

provides support and mobility for the tube

ex: ceiling mount & floor stand

Front 27

tube motions

Back 27

longitudinal, transverse, vertical, rotation, roll

Front 28

longitudinal

Back 28

along the long axis of the table

Front 29

transverse

Back 29

across the table at rifht angles to longitudinal

Front 30

vertical

Back 30

up and down, increasing or decreasing the distance between the tube and the table

Front 31

rotation

Back 31

allows the entire tub support to turn on its axis, changing the direction in which the tube arm is extended

Front 32

roll

Back 32

permits angulation of the tube along the longitudinal axis and allows the tube to be aimed at the wall rather than the table

Front 33

detent

Back 33

special mechanism that tends to stop a moving part in a specific location

Front 34

radiographic table

Back 34

specialized unit that supports the patient, moves in several directions allowing vertical, tilt, and floating tabletop as well as a movable IR tray with a grid located under the top

Front 35

fog

Back 35

caused by scatter radiation, a general exposure that comprises the visibility of the anatomic structures

Front 36

bucky

Back 36

moving grid that incorporates a tray to hold an IR & is located beneath the table surface

Front 37

grid

Back 37

incorporated into the bucky device between the tabletop and the IR, made of tissue thin lead strips mounted on edge with a radiolucent inter-spacing material

Front 38

upright bucky/grid cabinet

Back 38

a device that holds the IR in the upright position for radiography. It is adjustable in height and can incorporate either a bucky or a stationary grid

Front 39

upright image receptor unit

Back 39

a device that holds the IR and/or a bucky in a vertical position

Front 40

stationary/slip grids

Back 40

do not move during an exposure. used for body parts measuring more than 10-12 cm in thickness

Front 41

transformer

Back 41

provides the high voltage necessary to produce x-rays. connected to the x-ray tube via cables

Front 42

control console

Back 42

located in the shielded control booth. input device for setting exposure factors, activating the exposure, and on/of powering of the unit

Front 43

off/on

Back 43

controls the power to the control panel

Front 44

mA

Back 44

allows the operator to set the Ma, the rate at which the x-rays are produced

Front 45

kVp

Back 45

controls the kV, and therby the wavelength and penetrating power of the x-ray beam

Front 46

timer

Back 46

controls the duration of the exposure

Front 47

mAs

Back 47

determines the total quantity of radiation in an exposure

Front 48

bucky

Back 48

activated the motor control of the bucky device so that the grid will move during the exposure

Front 49

automatice exposure controls

Back 49

special settings are available on certain units that allow termination of the exposure when a certain quantity of radiation has reached the IR

Front 50

meter (digital) readouts

Back 50

indicates status of the settings

Front 51

prep (ready or rotor) switch

Back 51

prepares the tube for exposure and must be continuously activated until the exposure is complete

Front 52

fluoroscope

Back 52

is an x-ray machine designed for direct viewing of the x-ray image. the equipment permits the radiologist to view and record radiographic images in motion in real time. image can be viewed in ambient light rather than the dark

Front 53

spot films

Back 53

taken during fluoroscopy to record the image as seen on the fluoroscope

Front 54

image intesifier

Back 54

in the form of a tower that fits over the fluoroscopic screen.

Front 55

photomultiplier

Back 55

tubes that brighten and enhance the image