Intro To Anatomy And Physiology

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

The branch of science that deals with the structure of body parts

Hint 1

Here is a piece of the body, and here is its name

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

The science concerned with the function of body parts

Hint 2

Here’s a piece of the body, and here’s what it does

Front 3

Kinesiology

Back 3

The study of motion;

three major areas include joints, muscles, movements created by those joints and muscles.

Focused more on joints as compared to the body parts/regions

Front 4

Pathology

Back 4

The study of diseases, both cause and effects

Hint 4

how to destroy a body

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Roots of Medical Terminology

Back 5

Latin and Greek

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Atoms

Back 6

The fundamental building blocks of nature

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Organelles

Back 7

The functional part of the cell: Nucleus, mitochondria, etc.; any number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell

Front 8

Organelles

Back 8

Nucleus, mitochondria, etc. The functional part of the cell

Front 9

Cells

Back 9

Smallest unit of life (that we know of)

Front 10

Tissues

Back 10

Groups of similar cells And intercellular material acting together as one unit, performing a specialized function

Four types

Hint 10

Examples: muscles, far, cartilage

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Organs

Back 11

Groups of similar tissues

Front 12

Organ Systems

Back 12

Groups of similar organs (same function/goals)

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Organism

Back 13

We are groups of similar organ systems

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Micro

Back 14

Root word meaning Small

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Macro

Back 15

Root word meaning Big

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Homeostasis

Back 16

The Body’s way of balancing and adapting to maintain a normal operating system

Front 17

The Two Feedback Systems the body is regulated by

Back 17

Negative feedback

Positive feedback

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Anatomical position

Back 18

The position of the body in which the body is standing erect, with the hands at the sides in the palms facing forward

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Hyaline or Articular Cartilage

Back 19

Structure: cartilage — chondrocytes

Basic Function: lines ends of long bones where joints form, fetal skeleton, more

Front 20

Adipose

Back 20

Structure: lose C.T. - Adipocytes (fat cells)

Basic Function: energy storage, insulation, padding/protection

Front 21

Adipose

Back 21

Structure: lose C.T. - Adipocytes (fat cells)

Basic Function: energy storage, insulation, padding/protection

Front 22

Adipocytes

Back 22

Fat cells

Front 23

Ligament

Back 23

Structure: Dense C.T. - Primarily collegian

Basic function: attaches a bone to a bone

Ligaments limit the range of Orion in a John

Front 24

Tendon/Aponeurosis

Back 24

Structure: dense C.T. - primarily collagen

Basic function: attaches a muscle to a bone

Tendon is a cordlike structure

Aponeurosis is a broad, flat, sheet

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Fascia

Back 25

Tissue found throughout the body that connects and holds the different structures of the body together

Two (2) Types

1. Loose Fascia - largely composed of fat cells, primarily found deep in the skin (subcutaneous) Connecting the skin to the underlying structures

2. Fibrous fascia - creates the web of the envelopes and separates all structures of the body including muscles, bones, nerves and blood vessels

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subcutaneous

Back 26

Found deep in the skin

Front 27

Loose Fascia

Back 27

Largely composed of fat cells, primarily found deep to the skin (subcutaneous) connecting the skin to the underlying structures

Front 28

Loose Fascia

Back 28

Largely composed of fat cells, primarily found deep to the skin (subcutaneous) connecting the skin to the underlying structures

Front 29

Fibrous Fascia

Back 29

Creates the web that envelops and separates all structures of the body including muscles, bones, nerves and blood vessels

Front 30

Types of tissue (4)

Back 30

Nervous: specializes to carry electrical impulses

Epithelial: covers three body surfaces

Muscular: specialized to contract

Connective

Front 31

Tissue type: Nervous

Back 31

Specialized to carry electrical impulses

Front 32

Tissue type: epithelial

Back 32

Covers free body surfaces

Front 33

Tissue top: Muscular

Back 33

Specialized to contract

Front 34

Tissue type: Connective (C.T.)

Back 34

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Front 35

Abdominalpelvic Cavity

Back 35

These membranes line the abdominal and pelvic cavities and the organs found within

Front 36

Peritoneal Membranes

Back 36

•Parietal Peritoneum

•Visceral Peritoneum

Front 37

Parietal Peritoneum

Back 37

This membrane lines the abdominal pelvic cavity

Front 38

Visceral Peritoneum

Back 38

This membrane covers the organs within the cavity (i.e. intestine, uterus)

Front 39

Visceral Pericardium

Back 39

This membrane covers the heart

Front 40

Parietal Pericardium

Back 40

This membrane lines the area between the lungs known as the mediastinum

Front 41

Pericardial Membranes

Back 41

These membranes line the area called the mediastinum and the outside of the heart

Front 42

Mediastinum

Back 42

A region within the thoracic cavity between the lungs (begins the sternum). This contains: esophagus, trachea, thymus, pericardial cavity. Bound by the sternum (anterior) and the vertebral column (posterior)

Front 43

Parietal

Back 43

On the periphery (wall)

Front 44

Viscera

Back 44

the internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially those in the abdomen, e.g., the intestines.

Front 45

Visceral Pluera

Back 45

This membrane covers the lungs

Front 46

Parietal Pleura

Back 46

This membrane covers the thoracic cavity

Front 47

Thoracic Cavity

Back 47

The membranes in this cavity line the walls of the cavity (chest cavity) and the organs found within

Front 48

Thorax

Back 48

the part of the body of a mammal between the neck and the abdomen, including the cavity enclosed by the ribs, breastbone, and dorsal vertebrae, and containing the chief organs of circulation and respiration; the chest.

Front 49

Body Cavities (2)

Back 49

•Dorsal Cavity

•Central Cavity

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Dorsal Cavity

Back 50

The dorsal body cavity is located along the dorsal surface of the human body, where it is subdivided into the cranial cavity housing the brain and the spinal cavity housing the spinal cord. The two cavities are continuous with one another.

Front 51

Dorsal Cavity

Back 51

The dorsal body cavity is located along the dorsal surface of the human body, where it is subdivided into the cranial cavity housing the brain and the spinal cavity housing the spinal cord. The two cavities are continuous with one another.

Front 52

Cranial cavity

Back 52

Housing the brain

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Dorsal Cavity

Back 53

The dorsal body cavity is located along the dorsal surface of the human body, where it is subdivided into the cranial cavity housing the brain and the spinal cavity housing the spinal cord. The two cavities are continuous with one another.

Front 54

Cranial cavity

Back 54

Housing the brain

Front 55

spinal cavity

Back 55

Housing the spinal cord

Front 56

Thoracic

Back 56

Housing the lungs, heart, and trachea

Front 57

Diaphragm

Back 57

Separates the Thoracic cavity and the Abdominal Cavity

Parachute type of muscle, acting fence or partisan

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Abdominopelvic

Back 58

consists of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity. It contains the stomach, liver, pancreas, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, and most of the small and large intestines. It also contains the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs.

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Other Cavities (4)

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Oral

Nasal

Orbital

Middle ear

Front 60

Cell Extensions

Back 60

Cilia (hair like)

Hint 60

•Shorter

•Numerous

•Rows beat one after another

•Allows substances to move along the cell surface

Example: cells that kind the digestive track

Front 61

Cell Extensions

Back 61

Cilia (hair like)

Flagella (tail-like)

Hint 61

•Shorter
•Numerous
•Rows beat one after another
•Allows substances to move along the cell surface
Example: cells that kind the digestive track

Front 62

Cilia Cell Extension

Back 62

•Shorter

•Numerous

•Rows beat one after another

•Allows substances to move along the cell surface

Example: cells that kind the digestive track

Hint 62

Example: cells that kind the digestive track

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Flagella (tail-like)

Back 63

•Propels the cell (movement/locomotion)

•Longer

•Usually one

•Undulating/whip-like motion

Example: sperm cells

Hint 63

Example: sperm cells

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Lysosome

Back 64

an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane

Waste removal/clean-up crew

Hint 64

Waste removal/clean-up crew

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Golgi Apparatus

Back 65

a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport

Process and package proteins and lipids (fats)

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Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R)

Back 66

Manufacturing center for proteins

Front 67

Ribosomes

Back 67

Produce (build) proteins

Front 68

Mitochondria

Back 68

The powerhouse of the cell

Makes energy for the cell (ATP)

Hint 68

The powerhouse of the cell

Front 69

ATP

Back 69

Adenosine Triphosphate

Hint 69

Energy

Front 70

How Substances move across selectively permeable membrane (4)

Back 70

•Diffusion

•Osmosis

•Facilitated diffusion

•Active transport

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Diffusion

Back 71

Passive movement of particles (like gases) through the membrane from an area...to equalize

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Osmosis

Back 72

Movement of water through the membrane from an area of high water to the area of low water

Diffusion is water

Hint 72

Diffusion is water

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Facilitated Diffusion

Back 73

Passive movement of molecules or ions through a protein channel in the membrane

Does not require ATP (energy)

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Active Transport

Back 74

Movement of ions/molecules through a protein channel against the concentration gradient.

Ions/molecules are “pumped” through the channels and therefore, energy must be expanded to do so. Requires ATP (energy)

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Semi Permeable Barrier

Back 75

Allows only certain substances to pass through it

Front 76

Plasma Membrane

Back 76

a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates (semi permeable barrier that allows only certain substances through) the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.

Front 77

Stem Cells

Back 77

A cell with potential

Hasn’t yet decided what it’s going to be

Hint 77

A teenage cell ;)

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The Nucleus

Back 78

Stores DNA (in the form of chromosomes)

Bound by its own double membrane

Front 79

Cytoplasm

Back 79

Cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane

Sure for most of the activity of the dell and

The location of the organelles