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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cognitive psychology
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branch of psychology that focuses on mental processes as thinking, problem solving, decision making and use of language.
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thinking
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mentally representation and manipulating information.
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Mental Image
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mental picture or representation of an object or an event
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concepts
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mental categories for classifying events,objects and ideas based on common features or properties
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logical concepts
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concepts w clearly defined rules for membership
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natural concepts
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poorly defined or fuzzy rules for membership. (justice,freedom, honor)
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problem solving
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a form of thinking focused on finding a solution to a particular problem
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algorithm
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a step by step set of rules that will lead to a correct solution to a problem. (studying for good grades)
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neuristic
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a rule of thumb for problem solving or making judgements/decisions (does not guarantee a solution)
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intelligence
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the capacity to think and reason clearly and act purposely and effectively in adapting to the environment or ones goals
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mental age
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a representation of a persons intelligence based on the are of people who are capable of performing at the same level of ability
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IQ
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measure of intelligence based on performance on a specialized test of mental abilities.
MA/CA x 100 |
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Binet - Simon
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created the first IQ Tests available in France
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Norms
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standard used to compare an individual performance on a test and using others of the same group
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standardization
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establishing norms for a test by administering the test to a large number of people
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reliability
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the stability of scores over time
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validity
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the degree to which a test measures what its supposed to measure
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culture fair test
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designed to eliminate cultural biases
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gender
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women on average are better at vocab then men. While men are better at math then women. With encouragement any of these sexes can excel at vocab or math.
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mental retardation
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a generalized deficit or impairment in intellectual or social skills. Children with mild retardation are usually put into regular classes - this is called mainstreaming.
Genetics also can play a role in retardation: chromosome disorders, brain damage and exposure to lead. |
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Environmental
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lacking intellectual stimulating from the parents or lacking play or interaction with parents/peers.
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Spearman's G
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observed that people who did well on one intelligence test tended to score well on other tests. G= general intelligence.
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Primary Abilities
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Thurstone.
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Gardener
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multiple intelligences( you can be smart in one aspect but not in others. )
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Triarchic theory of intelligence
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3 intelligence aspects
Analytical: strategies for problem solving Creative: ways to event problem solving Practical: street smarts |
