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44 Cards in this Set

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Insurance

Transfer of a risk from a person or a business to an answer

Risk

Uncertainty, possibility of loss

Kinds of Risks

Speculative Risk and Pure Risks


Speculative Risk

Chance of a loss or gain, not insuranle

Las Vegas

Pure Risk

Chance of loss only; insurance companies will insure

Exposure

Possibility a loss will ocurr

Auto accident, lost luggage, house fire, employee hurt on the job

Peril

The cause of the loss

House burns down ____ is the fire

Loss

(1)Unintended, unforeseen damage to property (2) injury (3) amount paid

Direct loss

Physical Lost Property with no intervening cause

Indirect Loss

Consequential loss as a result from direct loss

Loss of rental income due to house fire, which cause a loss of profit for the landlord

Hazard

Anything that increases the chance that a loss will occur

Physical hazard

Physically identifiable factors that increase the chance of loss

A wet floor sign on a wet floor

Moral Hazzard

Dishonesty that intentionally causes a loss is acceptable

Lying

Morale Hazards

State of mind or careless attitude

Not giving two *****

Methods of handling risks

Sharing, transfer, avoidance, retention, reduction

STARR

Risk Sharing

Two or more individuals or businesses agree to pay a portion of any loss incurred by any member of the group

Stockholders

Risk Transfer

The insurance company agrees to pay if the customer has a loss

Risk Avoidance

Eliminating a particular risk by not engaging in a certain activity

Risk Retention

The individual or business will pay for the loss if it occurs, or a portion of the Lost via a deductible

Risk Reduction

Lessening the chance that a loss will occur, or lessening the extent of a loss if it occurs

Parties to a insurance contract

Agreement between the insured and the insurer


1st party-insured (customer)


2nd Party- insurer ( insurance company)

Law of Large Numbers

The larger the group, the more accurately losses can be predicted

Law of large numbers

The larger the group, more accurately losses can be predicted

Elements of Insuranble Risk

CANHAM

Calcuable Risk

Premiums must be a calculable based upon prior loss statistics for that particular risk in order predict predict future losses

Affordable Risk

The premium for transferring the rest should be affordable for the average customer

Non-catastrophic Risk

The rest must be non-catastrophic for the insurance company

Homogeneous Risk

The risk must be similar in nature so the same factors affect the chance for loss

Accidental Risk

The Lost must have been caused due to chance (accident)

Measurable Risk

A definite (time and place) and measurable loss means that proof of loss must be established with numbers and dollar amounts, not just casual references

Adverse Selection

Tendency for high-risk individuals to get and keep insurance as compared to individuals that represent an average level of risk

High Risk = higher rate to insure or refusal

Reinsurance

Insurance for insurers; transfers risk from one insurer to another insurer

Ceding Insurer

The company reducing its risk

Reinsurer

The company assuming the risk

Stock Insurer

Is a business formed as a corporation and owned by its stockholders (aka shareholders)

Mutal Insurers

Does not have stock or stockholders, it is owned by its policyholders ( customers) also known as policyholders

Fraternal Benefit Societies

Exist for the benefit of their members and offer insurance as one of the benefits of membership

Reciprocal Insurers

Unincorporated groups of people that agree to ensure each other's losses under a contract, the members are also known as subscribers

Lloyd's Associations

not insurance companies, rather they provide a hub for the exchange of information among member Underwriters who actually transact the business of insurance

Risk Retention Group

Insurer formed for the sole purpose of providing liability insurance for the policyholder. The policy holders must all be members of the same type of business. It is regulated by the state where they are headquartered and could operate in other states as well

Risk Purchasing Groups

Formed for the sole purpose of obtaining liability insurance for its members

Self-insurers

Means of retaining, rather than transferring, risk

Government Insurers

The government can step in an provide insurance that not ordinarily available from private insurers

Domestic Insurers

The state in which the insurer was formed (chartered or Incorporated) and usually headquarted