Impurities In Water

Front 1

Water quality features can be placed into three different categories?

Back 1

Physical characteristics. Biological characteristics. Chemical characteristic.

Front 2

The five most commonly considered physical characteristics of water are?

Back 2

Temperature. Taste. Color. Odor. Trinity.

Front 3

What does the presence of fecal chloroform indicate in water?

Back 3

That sewage is present.

Front 4

Scale in water heaters and piping is caused by which impurities?

Back 4

Hardness.

Front 5

Which impurities can be a source of disease and make water unfit for human consumption?

Back 5

Bacteria

Front 6

Which impurities will discolor water stain Plumbing fixtures and cause deposits in water heaters?

Back 6

Iron.

Front 7

Which health Canada publication provides information on what determines food Quality Water for human consumption?

Back 7

Guidelines for Canadian drinking water quality.

Front 8

The two major forms of water testing are?

Back 8

Chemical and biological.

Front 9

Changes in water quality, can be a result of four major human activities. What are these activities?

Back 9

Industrial. Agricultural. Municipal. Recreational.

Front 10

Basic testing of water can accurately measure 5 different items? What are they?

Back 10

Hardness. Iron. Manganese. PH. Total dissolved solids or TDS.

Front 11

Acceptable PH range of drinking water is?

Back 11

6.5 pH to 8.5 pH.

Front 12

The recommended limit for sodium, for people who are suffering from hypertension, or heart disease is?

Back 12

20 mg per liter.

Front 13

The most desirable range of hardness in a water supply is between?

Back 13

18 mg per liter and 100 mg per liter.

Front 14

What is the recommended limit for iron in a water supply?

Back 14

0.3 mg per liter.

Front 15

If a high nitrate concentration, is found in a water supply, the most probable cause is?

Back 15

Human and or animal waste contamination.

Front 16

The cation and anion balance values, provided on a chemical analysis, are used by the Laboratories for what purpose?

Back 16

These numbers are laboratory quality control accuracy checks for instrumentation purposes.

Front 17

In hard water, the calcium and magnesium salts, are predominantly found in four different forms .list these forms.

Back 17

Carbonate. Sulfates. Chloride. Nitrate.

Front 18

Soft water has a hardness of less than?

Back 18

1 grain per gallon which is the equivalent of 17.1 parts per million formula grams per.

Front 19

1 grain per gallon US how many parts per million?

Back 19

17 parts per million one u.s. gallon.

Front 20

1 grain per gallon equals how many parts per million Imperial?

Back 20

14.3 parts per million Imperial.

Front 21

What device is the simplest method of removal ,of the iron in water, when the concentration of iron does not exceed ,three parts per million.

Back 21

A water softener.

Front 22

What chemical is used to regenerate a magnesium green sand filter?

Back 22

Potassium permanganate.

Front 23

What material can be added to water supply ,containing soluble iron to prevent iron oxidization?

Back 23

Polyphosphate. Prevents the oxygenation iron, not allowing the iron to stain, or create scaling.

Front 24

Water containing hydrogen sulfide( H2S) in excess of how many, how many milligrams per liter? Is considered to be aesthetically objectionable.

Back 24

.05 mg per liter(H2S).

Front 25

A concentration of sodium in excess of? Milligrams per liter.

Is considered to be aesthetically objectionable?

Back 25

200 mg per liter.

Front 26

Where do tannins originate?

Back 26

In decaying vegetation.

Front 27

How is total dissolved solids measured in water or TDS?

Back 27

A conductivity test.

Front 28

What is measured by the obstruction of light passing through water?

Back 28

Turbidity.

Front 29

The presence of what kind of algae is known to be toxic?

Back 29

Blue green algae.

Front 30

Mold thrive in water that has a temperature of approximately?

Back 30

80 degrees Fahrenheit or 27 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Fahrenheit for 38 degrees Celsius.

Front 31

Most bacteria thrive in water with a pH level of?

Back 31

6.5 pH to 7.5 pH.

Front 32

Pathogenic bacteria thrive in water that is near what temperature?

Back 32

Body temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit or 37° Celsius.

Front 33

What is a simple test for hardness?

Back 33

The soap test. Take a 50 to 100ml clear container.

Add 5 to 20 ml sample of water and two to three drops of soap. You will either have lots of Suds or almost no Suds and cloudiness and lumps.

Front 34

When should a biological test be performed on your water?

Back 34

Annually to ensure safety and quality of water.

Front 35

Bacteriological test must be performed by?

Back 35

A government-approved laboratory.

Front 36

Unappealing color odor and turbidity can be filtered out in which ways?

Back 36

Sand and activated charcoal.

Front 37

To clean biological matter from water ,what is one of the most effective ways of cleaning.

Microscopic viruses ,bacteria protozoa ,phytoplankton microscopic algae, zooplankton ,tiny water animals, insects ,worms, large plants, and fish these things can cause viruses and disease?

Back 37

Chlorine. Boiling the water for a minimum of 10 minutes. UV light filters.

Front 38

Hydrogen sulfide can be an issue in water name some of the issues?

Back 38

Taste and odor me tarnish silverware.

Front 39

Describe the pH level for acceptable drinking range?

Back 39

For drinking purposes 6.5 to 8.5 pH, levels below 6.5 may be corrosive, while levels above 8.5 me create scaling problems and a bitter taste.

Front 40

What are the recommended sodium levels, and what is a level no good for people suffering high blood pressure?

Back 40

20 mg per liter is acceptable over 200 milligrams per liter is considered high ,not good for people with heart disease ,and hypertension high blood pressure.

Front 41

What are the most desirable ranges for hardness in water?

Back 41

Between 80 and 100 mg per liter

Front 42

What's the recommended limit for potassium levels in water?

Back 42

20 mg per liter. Above 100 mg per liter can cause a laxative effect.

Front 43

What's the recommended level for calcium limit in water?

Back 43

200 mg per liter. Excessive calcium can contribute to the formation of kidney stones or bladder stones.

Also contributes to hardness of water.

Front 44

What is the recommended iron limit in water?

Back 44

0.3 mg per liter

Front 45

What's the recommended bicarbonate limit in water?

Back 45

1000 mg per liter.

Front 46

What's the recommended limit for sulphate in water?

Back 46

Maximum concentration is 500 mg per liter. Excess sulfate levels may also have a laxative effect, and produce a objectionable taste.

Front 47

Water hardness is usually caused by name four culprits?

Back 47

Carbonate. Sulfates. Chloride. And nitrates.

Front 48

1 cubic foot polystyrene will treat how many grains of hardness?

Back 48

30000 grains of hardness.

Front 49

One pound of salt will treat how many grains of hardness?

Back 49

2000 grains of hardness

Front 50

Iron filters using magnesium green sand, it will move ferric and ferrous iron, how much will one pound of manganese greensand remove in parts per million?

Back 50

6000 parts per million

Front 51

What is used to regenerate manganese greensand?

Back 51

Potassium permanganate applies oxygen molecules to the green sand.

Front 52

How many parts per million will manganese greensand filters remove?

Back 52

Up to 10 parts per million.

It will not remove organic iron bacteria

Front 53

Chem-free iron filters what is the process and how many parts per million will a chem-free filter remove?

Back 53

Chem-free filters introduce small amount of air, into the system by a special valve called a hydro charger.

Chem-free filters are different from manganese green sand filters, and they will remove ferrous, ferric and iron bacteria.

They will remove up to 25 parts per million.

Front 54

What is polyphosphate and how does it work?

Back 54

Polyphosphate coats the soluble iron, and prevents it from oxidizing, therefore not staining clothes or creating Kurds.

Polyphosphate is only effective on Coldwater.

Front 55

How many parts per million of iron can chlorination filter remove.

What is the contact time?

What is needed to help the chlorine remove the ferrous and ferric iron, and the excess chlorine residue?

Back 55

More than 25 parts per million. Sand is needed to remove the iron, and carbon filtration is needed ,to remove the excess chlorine residue.

20 minute minimum contact time.

Front 56

Except for pH most concentrations of impurities other than hardness are reported in parts per million or milligrams per liter.

Back 56

Except for pH most concentrations of impurities other than hardness are reported in parts per million or milligrams per liter.

Front 57

Common impurities found in water are .

chloride. Fluoride. Magnesium. Nitrate. Nitrite. PH. Potassium. Sodium. And sulfate.

Back 57

Common impurities found in water are.

Chloride. Fluoride. Magnesium. Nitrate. Nitrite. PH. Potassium. Sodium. Selfie.

Front 58

What is an objectionable level of chloride?

What is an objectionable level of chloride?What is the common chloride level in Alberta?

What is the common chloride level in Alberta?

Back 58

250 mg per liter do to taste considerations

20 mg per liter is the average chloride level in Alberta.

Front 59

What is the maximum acceptable ,level of fluoride in drinking water?

Back 59

1.5 mg per liter.

Although a concentration of 0.08 mg per liter to 1 milligram per liter is desirable for dental protection.

Front 60

What is the acceptable level of magnesium drinking water?

Back 60

A suggested limit of 150 mg per liter is used for drinking water.

A water softener can be used to reduce magnesium levels.

Front 61

Nitrates / nitrogen are an indicator of contamination, by human or livestock waste, excessive fertilization or seepage from a dump site.

What is the maximum acceptable concentration of nitrates/ nitrogen in drinking water?

Back 61

10 mg per liter.

Front 62

what is the acceptable level for nitrates / nitrogen.

Buy the guidelines for Canadian drinking water quality?

Back 62

3.2 mg per liter that's a lot less than 10

Front 63

When you go up or down one number on the pH scale.

What is the difference in intensity from one number to the next?

Back 63

1 number increase or decrease is a tenfold increase or decrease.

Front 64

Potassium has no recommended limits and drinking water ,what is suggested?

Back 64

20 mg per liter anything over a hundred mg can have a laxative effect.

340 mg of morphine be taste problems, 2000 mg of more is harmful to the human nervous system.

In Alberta 20 mg is the average.

Front 65

Sodium is not considered to be toxic.

High concentration of sodium are considered to be 30 to 40 parts per million

How can it be removed from our water?

Back 65

Only reverse osmosis demineralization or distillation.

Front 66

What's the maximum concentration of sulfur / hydrogen sulfide H2S, in drinking water?

Back 66

Water containing hydrogen sulfide in excess of 0.05 mg per liter is considered to be aesthetically objectionable.

Front 67

What are the methods to remove hydrogen sulfide H2S from the water?

Back 67

There are three main methods of removing hydrogen sulfide H2S manganese zeolite / manganese greensand, aeration, chlorination

Front 68

What's the acceptable level of total dissolved solids in our water

Back 68

500 mg per liter is considered to be aesthetically objectionable.

Conductivity of water can be X 0.65. This will give you TDS in milligrams per liter

Front 69

When removing turbidity what do you use,and what is it called once it has been coagulated?

Back 69

Alum is used to coagulate the fine material into larger particles called floc.

Front 70

Define aerobic?

Back 70

These organisms can exist only where oxygen is available.

Front 71

Describe anaerobic?

Back 71

These organisms can live where no oxygen is available.

Front 72

Done

Back 72

Done