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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name seven complications related to vaccine |
Reversion to wild type Improperly killed organisms Inclusion of toxic material Cross-reaction with self Cause disease in immunodeficients Local inflammation at site of injection Hypersensitivity to vaccines |
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Name 3 drawbacks of living vaccines |
Instability (if cold chain is not maintained) Reversion to wild type Cause diseases in immunocompromised |
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Name 4 types of vaccine |
Live attenuated Killed organisms Subunit Inactivated exotoxins |
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Name 2 drawbacks of non-living vaccines |
No proliferation => Need booster Lack of PAMP => No activation of innate system |
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For what organisms is boosting required? Why? |
For the (nearly) eradicated diseases because natural re-exposure does not occur |
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One advantage and one drawback of passive immunisation |
Acts immediately (even after exposure) Does not lead to memory |
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What type of vaccine is Sabin polio? |
Live attenuated |
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What type of vaccine is influenza vaccine? |
Subunit (injected) Live attenuated (spray) |
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What type of vaccine is cholera vaccine? |
Killed whole organism |
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What type of vaccine is hepatitis B vaccine? |
Subunit |
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What type of vaccine is Pertussis vaccine? |
Killed whole organism |
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What type of vaccine is measles vaccine? |
Live attenuated |
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What type of vaccine is tetanus vaccine? |
Inactivated exotoxins |
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What type of vaccine is vaccinia? |
Live |
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What is the mechanism of action of smallpox vaccine? |
Inject live unattenuated vaccinia (cowpox) which is relatively asymptomatic in humans and protects against the closely related smallpox virus. |
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Which are typically more expensive: live vaccine or killed organisms? |
Killed organisms because live cultures can easily be maintained. |
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Distinguish live and dead vaccines in terms of the evoked immune response. |
Live: Antibodies and cell-mediated Dead: Only antibodies |
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Define R0 |
Total number of cases that would result from the introduction of a single infectious individual into a susceptible population. |
