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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are five words that could describe the environment? |
Managed, natural, useful, treasured, pressured, green, needed, changing, confused, diminishing and exploited. |
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What are five words that could describe and urban environment? |
Man-made, artificial, unnatural, entertaining, built up, busy, rich, crowded. |
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What shapes the environment? |
Climate, vegetation, soil, geology, topography. |
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Out of the factors that shape the environment how many and what are influenced by humans? |
4, Climate, vegetation, ecology and soil. |
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Define weather. |
The temperature, precipitation and wind. |
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Define climate. |
The average weather we expect over a long period of time. |
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What factors affect the climate? |
Sun - source of heat. Atmosphere - traps and distributes heat, greenhouse gases; water vapour, CO2 and methane. Oceans - store and distribute heat. |
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What is the Earths mean albedo? |
0.36 |
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Give an example of the influence of the sea? |
The North Atlantic drift makes NW Europe 5 degrees warmer than expected. |
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Why does weather vary? |
Due to your position e.g., latitude. Topography of the land e.g., rain shadow effect. Land use e.g., pesticides or increased CO2 production. Altitude. |
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Evidence for climate change and if it has happened before? |
There are human records going back centuries. Physical records e.g., ice cores, tree rings and rocks. |
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What are ice age cycles? |
Long term cycles in climate that make some areas 20 degrees cooler and cover them in ice and snow. Happen roughly every 100,000 years. |
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How was Britain's landscape different in 13,000 BC since the last ice age? |
Britain was covered in snow and ice and sea level was 127m lower. There was a land bridge between Britain and mainland Europe. Glaciers started to carve out deep valleys in upland areas. |
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What changes have happened between 13,000 BC and 10,000 BC to make Britain how it is today? |
-Melt-waters re-shaped landscape and drift geology. -After the glaciers melted the land was infertile and left like Arctic tundra. -First birch, aspen, pine and hazel trees appear. Later oak, elm and lime arrive. |
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What changes have happened between 9,000 BC and 5,000 BC to make Britain how it is today? |
-Temperatures keep rising. -Vegetation is mostly influenced by immigration. -Temp reaches 1-2 degrees higher than today and stays like that for 4000 years. -Britain dominate by oak woodland. -Sea levels rise and land bridge dispersals. -Flora less diverse and lime woodland now dominates south. |
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What changes have happened between 4,000 BC and 500 BC to make Britain how it is today? |
-Farming arrives. -Population around 20,000. -Woodland clearance starts. -Cattle and sheep grazed. -Bronze age helps farming develop further. -Most wild woodland near rivers cleared. -Climate becomes wetter and cooler. -Lime and elm become rarer. |
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What changes have happened between AD40 and C17 to make Britain how it is today? |
-Further forest clearance. -250,000 people. -Field systems in rotation and coppicing has begun. -Romans, Anglo-Saxon and Normans arrive and go. -Britain has 15% woodland coverage. -Land drainage begins. |
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What changes have happened to Britain's landscape recently? |
-Declining diversity, distinctiveness and ecological richness. -Loss of some natural features and habitats e.g., ancient woodland and unimproved grassland. -Decline in tradition agriculture. -Loss of archaeological sites and traditional buildings. -Increased urbanisation which has poor design and made from unsustainable and poor materials. |
