Humannature

Front 1

Which philosopher is associated with naturalizing epistemology

Back 1

descartes

Front 2

what philosophy does descartes draw from?

Back 2

aristotle and stoicism

Front 3

what philosopher does hacker draw from?

Back 3

ludwig wittgenstein

Front 4

why is hacker critical of naturalized epistemology?

Back 4

he says it is not a real problem and is just conceptual confusion

Front 5

hacker doesn't like consciousness becuase

Back 5

he says it is fiction

Front 6

quine doesn't like consciousness because

Back 6

agrees with behaviorists in that human just respond to stimuli in the environment

Front 7

what philosopher does the modern concept of consciousness trace back to

Back 7

plato

Front 8

according to plato, what are the three parts of the soul?

Back 8

logic, reason (rational), appetite (irrational)

Front 9

according to plato, which part of the soul should rule a just person

Back 9

reason/rational

Front 10

according to plato, which part of the soul continues after death?

Back 10

reason/rational

Front 11

according to plato, which part of the soul dies with the body?

Front 12

hylomorphism

Back 12

says being is a compound of matter and form

Front 13

which philosopher is associated with hylomorphism

Back 13

aristotle

Front 14

what is the different between form and matter?

Back 14

form is the shape that matter occurs in (brick house) while matter is the object that make something up (bricks). form is actual and matter is potential

Front 15

what are aristotles three kinds of souls?

Back 15

nutritive, sensitive, rational

Front 16

according to aristotle, what kind of soul do humans have?

Back 16

rational soul

Front 17

according to aristotle, what part of the brain does the knowing?

Back 17

agent intellect

Front 18

according to aristotle interpreters, how many agent intellects are there

Back 18

two divisions

Front 19

mysterianism

Back 19

says the hard problem of consciousness can't be solved by humans

Front 20

david chalmers talks about

Back 20

zombies, huamsn aren't zombies but could be if they knowing longer "felt"

Front 21

who was heideggers famous teacher?

Back 21

husserl

Front 22

what is heideggers main question

Back 22

what does it mean to BE?

Front 23

what are dasein

Back 23

"being there"- human beings

Front 24

does heidegger equate humans with consciousness

Back 24

no, he doesn't like consciousness but does say there is something that makes humans different

Front 25

who are They?

Back 25

the crowd/ others

Front 26

difference between authenticity and inauthenticity?

Back 26

authenticity means a person is true to themselves, inauthenticity means a person is influenced and pressured by the norms of society

Front 27

relationship between death and authenticity?

Back 27

humans are authentic when faced with death because none cane die for us

Front 28

how does death relate to the They?

Back 28

they do not all about death, they make you fear death and say to have courage, dying is how we separate form the they.

Front 29

according to heidegger, are we more focused on our own or others death?

Back 29

ours

Front 30

accoridng to levinas, are we more concerned with our own or others death?

Back 30

other

Front 31

what is the call of the other?

Back 31

when we hear others speak, they are asking for help, we can't say no because we are obligatory individuals and we would be jerks to say no

Front 32

what is levinas totality? and infinity?

Front 33

according to levinas, what is the most important question?

Back 33

how it feels to be

Front 34

accoridng to levinas, can we understand ourselves without reference to how we relate to others?

Back 34

no, interaction with others influences us.

Front 35

according to levinas, to understand human nature you must look at human interaction with others, why?

Back 35

interaction influences our actions and helps us understand others by how they respond

Front 36

accoridng to levinas, what is first philosophy?

Back 36

ethics

Front 37

mimesis?

Back 37

imitation

Front 38

mimetic desire?

Back 38

human desire is provoked by others desire, we want what others want

Front 39

accoidng to girard, what is the function of human sacrifice?

Back 39

to relive tension, to diffuse crisis and restore peace

Front 40

accoidng to mimetic theory, what is the origin of taboos and rituals?

Back 40

violence, they ar to prevent rivalries

Front 41

why do humans cause more casualties than other animals?

Back 41

we have weapons and modern technology

Front 42

accoridng to girard, what is human violence rooted in, aka what is the source of human violence?

Back 42

mimesis

Front 43

mirror neurons?

Back 43

brain cells that are activated regardless of whether an individual is performing or observing an action by another.

Front 44

what does girard mean by scapegoat

Back 44

a person/animal/object that is used as an outlet for violence

Front 45

What is a u encounter?

Back 45

low risk, low reward

Front 46

what is an e-encounter

Back 46

high risk high reward

Front 47

why does plato say the rational soul continues after death?

Front 48

why does plato say the ____ soul dies with the body?

Front 49

according to aristotle, what powers/abilites characterize each parts of the soul?

Back 49

nutritive soul is plants, sensitive soul is animals, rational soul is humans

Front 50

what does chalmers zombie argument intend to prove?

Back 50

that physical characteristics don't cause experiences

Front 51

according to dennet, are we zombies? what is his view about consciousness?

Back 51

no, he says they are incoherent and impossible. dennett says consciousness occurs in several places in the brain.

Front 52

according to chalmers, does consciousness arise from the brain or is it an independent entity

Back 52

chalmers says consciousness is an independent and irreducible property

Front 53

what is phenomenology?

Back 53

study of structure of experience and consciousness

Front 54

who started phenomenology and when?

Back 54

husserl in early 20th century

Front 55

according to phenomenology, define epoch, reduction, intentionality and constitution

Back 55

epoche- bracketing - means to set aside any previous knowledge and to learn about something as it is being experienced

reduction

intentionality

constitution

Front 56

what are some ways phenomenology can be brought to bear questions in cognitive science

Back 56

noema and the fulfilled/unfulfilled aspects?

Front 57

what are dennets criticisms of phenomenology?

Back 57

He says it relies on introspection and lacks consensus. says there is too much room for people to make things up

Front 58

according to phenomenologist, what comes first: the natural science world or the lifeworld?

Back 58

lifeworld (the soil which various ways of being stem from)