Human Sexuality Chapter 1

Front 1

Sensuality

Back 1

accepting and enjoying your own body and its ability to respond sexually as well and enjoying the body of a sexual partner

Front 2

Intimacy

Back 2

the basic human need to be emotionally close to another person and to have that closeness returned

Front 3

Sexual identity

Back 3

a person's understanding of who they are sexually, including their sense of being male or female

Front 4

Reproduction and sexual health

Back 4

all the behaviors and attitudes that have to do with reproduction and keeping the sexual parts of the body healthy

Front 5

Gender identity

Back 5

your strong belief that you are either male or female

Front 6

Gender role

Back 6

all learned behavior

Front 7

Sexualization

Back 7

the using of sex or sexuality to influence, manipulate, or control other people

Front 8

Correlation

Back 8

a relationship between variables

Front 9

Causation

Back 9

a specific type of relationship in which one factor causes another

Front 10

Eros

Back 10

an erotic love that included an uninhibited expression of sexual desire and full enjoyment of sexual passion

Front 11

Philia

Back 11

a platonic-like love consisting of devoted relationships and compatible friendship

Front 12

St. Paul

Back 12

an early influential Christian writer that believed celibacy was needed to obtain the highest spiritual state

Front 13

St. Augustine

Back 13

stated that any sexual activity that could not result in procreation was sinful

Front 14

St. Thomas Aquinas

Back 14

reinforced Augustine's writings, but was better received because it was clear and well-organized. He stated that masturbation was more sinful than rape because it could not result in conception

Front 15

Martin Luther

Back 15

believed that celibacy was not natural and that sexual activity, appropriate only in marriage, should not be limited to the purpose of procreation

Front 16

John Calvin

Back 16

a French protestant who developed a branch of Christian religion called Calvinism. He believed that sexual expression was important in marriage and helped diminish one's daily stressors

Front 17

Queen Victoria

Back 17

reigned England for almost 70 years and influenced sexual climate by projecting a sense of morality on the culture. Ex: asexual terms, traditional gender roles

Front 18

Sylvester Graham

Back 18

believed that med should not masturbate, should not have vaginal sex until married in late 20's or early 30's, and that married couples should only have vaginal sex once a month during ovulation and not again until child was weaned. Also believed some food stimulated sexual desire and invented bland grain crackers (graham crackers)

Front 19

Dr. John Kellogg

Back 19

invented Corn Flakes so individuals would not eat food that caused sexual arousal

Front 20

Richard von Krafft-Ebing

Back 20

believed masturbation had potentially harmful psychological effects and would block normal interest in sex, leading to erectile dysfunction or homosexuality. Also developed the terms masochism and sadism

Front 21

Masochism

Back 21

experiencing sexual pleasure from being physically or emotionally hurt in controlled circumstances

Front 22

Sadism

Back 22

experiencing pleasure from physically or emotionally hurting another

Front 23

Havelock Ellis

Back 23

believed there was no harm in masturbation, reduced tension, common for men and women. Stated that women had sexual desire, no single norm for sexual desires, and that homosexuality and heterosexuality are a matter of degree. Believed that orgasms in men and women were similar, should be no laws against contraceptives, and his beliefs were not widely supported in his life

Front 24

Sigmund Freud

Back 24

believed that sexuality and sexual pleasure are integral to human life and that early childhood experiences influence adult functioning

Front 25

Margaret Sanger

Back 25

founder of Planned Parenthood, started the first birth control clinic in 1916, and worked toward the development of an oral contraceptive

Front 26

Griswold v. Connecticut

Back 26

made it legal for married couples to use contraceptive in 1965

Front 27

Eisenstadt v. Baird

Back 27

made it legal for single individuals to possess and use contraception in 1972

Front 28

William Baird

Back 28

was charged with a felony for distributing contraceptive foams during lectures at Boston University. The decision was found in his favor and overturned state laws

Front 29

Stonewall Riots

Back 29

riots for several days in Greenwich Village in the 1960's. Often considered the start of the gay rights movement

Front 30

Alfred Kinsey

Back 30

a biologist and zoologist at Indiana University who interviewed 18,000 students about their sexual activities and beliefs in the 1940's and 1950's. Developed the Kinsey scale, a 7 point scale (0 for only opposite sex behavior and 6 for only same-sex behavior). Also exposed the gap between public perceptions and the private behavior of individuals

Front 31

Tuskegee Experiment

Back 31

In the 1940's the US Public Health Service conducted experiments on how syphilis affected the body and did not tell participants nor offer a cure. The study lasted over 40 years and in 1997 Bill Clinton made a formal apology. Caused distrust by the black community of the medical establishment

Front 32

Roe v. Wade

Back 32

In 1973, stated that it was unconstitutional to restrict access to abortion and overturned state laws

Front 33

Lawrence v. Texas

Back 33

In 2003, decriminalized same-sex behaviors