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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does the binomial system work?
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Genus then species, e.g Homo sapiens
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What is a taxon?
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a set of organisms within a category
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Name the different levels of taxons:
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species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom
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Name the Five Kingdoms:
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Prokaryotae, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
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Name the Human classification:
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Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Genus: Homo Species: sapiens |
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Define the word species:
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Members of a species are able to reproduce giving fertile offspring
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Name the five evidence we have of classification:
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Biochemical, Anatomical, Embryological, Immunological, Behavioural
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What are the two tupes of Biochemical evidence?
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Cytochrome c and DNA hybridisation.
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Describe what happens in Cytochrome c evidence?
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It is a protein used in cellular respiration and found in mitochondria.
Count number of amino acids that organisms differ by. Higher number, more distant ancestor. |
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Describe the process of DNA hybridisation.
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Unzip DNA from 2 different species
Mix them to allow complementary base pairing Higher similarity, more base pairing, more energy required to separate hybrid DNA strands |
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What is Anatomical evidence?
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Similar anatomical structure, more closely related.
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What is Embryological evidence?
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Similar stages of development due to common ancestor
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Describe the process of Immunological evidence.
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Human blood serum is injected into a test animal
Test animal recognizes foreign proteins (antigens) and produces antibodies Serum blood of immunized test animal is added to all test tubes Add human serum to one test tube (control) Add serum of other organisms to other test tubes (compare with control) Antigen-antibody complexes form and precipitate from solution Higher amount of precipitation, closer related to humans |
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How is Behavioural evidence used?
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Similar behaviour due to common ancestor
For example, Primates live in social groups, communicate by facial expression, long parental care |
