History World Cultures Intro

Front 1

What are the five themes of geography?

Back 1

1. Location
2. Place
3. Interaction Between People and their Environment
4. Movement
5. Region

Front 2

Geography
(definition)

Back 2

the study of people and their envirionment

Front 3

relative location
(definition)

Back 3

the location of one place compared to the location of another

Front 4

physical characteristic
(definition)

Back 4

the landforms, climate, soil, and animal life of a place

Front 5

adaptation
(defintion)

Back 5

changing to better deal with your environment

Front 6

imports
(definition)

Back 6

goods brought into a country

Front 7

latitude

Back 7

measure distances north/south of the equator

Front 8

absolute location

Back 8

location based on latitude andn longitude points

Front 9

human characteristics

Back 9

people's way of life - activities, means of transportation, religion, and languages

Front 10

hidden costs

Back 10

like pollution and global warming

Front 11

exports

Back 11

goods sent to markets outside of a country

Front 12

prime meridian

Back 12

central line of longitude

Front 13

equator

Back 13

central line of latitude

Front 14

migration

Back 14

the movement of people and ideas

Front 15

interdependence

Back 15

the dependence on countries for goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world

Front 16

What is the difference between a globe and a map?

Back 16

a globe is spherical and a map is a flat, distorted representation of the Earth

Front 17

what is the difference between climate and weather?

Back 17

climate is the average weather of an area, and weather can change on a daily basis

Front 18

what are the four major landforms?

Back 18

1. Mountains
2. Hills
3. Plains
4. plateaus

Front 19

What are the three factors that affect climate?

Back 19

1. Latitude
2. elevation
3. nearness to waterbodies

Front 20

What are the seven elements of culture?

Back 20

1. social organization
2. language
3. religion
4. arts and literature
5. customs and traditions
6. forms of government
7. economic systems

Front 21

culture(definition)

Back 21

all the things that make up a people's entire way of life

Front 22

patriarchal

Back 22

a family in which the oldest male is in charge

Front 23

monotheism

Back 23

beleif in one god

Front 24

athiest

Back 24

beleif that there is no god or afterlife

Front 25

dictatorship

Back 25

where a person or groups holds power by force

Front 26

market economy

Back 26

businesses or industries produce and sell their own goods.

Front 27

nuclear family

Back 27

husband, wife, and children

Front 28

matriarchal

Back 28

family where the oldest female is in charge

Front 29

polytheism

Back 29

the beleif in many gods

Front 30

democracy

Back 30

the people have the power

Front 31

surplus

Back 31

an excess in food/goods

Front 32

command economy

Back 32

the government controls what goods are produced

Front 33

extended family

Back 33

many generations living in one household

Front 34

social mobility

Back 34

the ability to move up or down on the social/economic ladder

Front 35

agnostic

Back 35

someone who doubts the existence of god

Front 36

republic

Back 36

where people elect people to represent them

Front 37

traditional economy

Back 37

people produce most of what they need to survive - hunting, farming. they trade surpluses with others

Front 38

mixed economy

Back 38

the government controls a little, but mostly businesses have control over what they produce

Front 39

what are the causes of cultural change?

Back 39

1. technology
2. changing environment
3. new ideas
4. diffusion

Front 40

what are examples of subcultures within our society?

Back 40

religious groups, social classes

Front 41

what is the difference between ethonocentrism and racism?

Back 41

ethnocentrism is thinking that your culture is superior, racism is judging people before you know them because of their ethnicity.

Front 42

What were the acomplishments of the Stone Age?

Back 42

-they made stone tools
-learned how to control fire
-developed a language

Front 43

what were the accomplishments of the ice age?

Back 43

-they made warm clothing out of animal skins

Front 44

what were the accomplishments of the first agricultural revolution?

Back 44

-they learned to farm and domesticate animals
-people could settle down in communities

Front 45

what were the accomplishments of the first civilizations?

Back 45

-populations grew and they settled into river valley communities
-developed organized governments, complex religion, specialized jobs, social classes, and ways of keeping records

Front 46

what were the accomplishments of roman and greek civilizations?

Back 46

-rome controlled the Mediterranean
-china controlled much of Asia and the Middle East

Front 47

How did Islam spread?

Back 47

-trade fourished from India and China to the Middle East and parts of Africa
-they blended the learnings of earlier civilizations together - cultural diffusion

Front 48

Where were the Aztec and Incan Empires?

Back 48

-Aztecs in Mexico
-Incas in the Andes in South America
-highly advanced civilations

Front 49

How was Europe during the Middle Ages?

Back 49

-less developed than China, India, and Africa
-on the edge of trade routes
-rulers of small kingdoms fought with eachother

Front 50

archeologist

Back 50

scientists who study the artifacts left behind by ancient peoples

Front 51

nomads

Back 51

hunting people who traveled with their supply of food

Front 52

civilization

Back 52

a highly organized group of people with their own langrage and ways of living

Front 53

pictographs

Back 53

pictures to keep track of numbers and stories

Front 54

domesticate

Back 54

to tame animals

Front 55

artisans

Back 55

skilled craftsworkers

Front 56

what were the acheivements of the Renaissance?

Back 56

-many advances in technology
-started to use money instead of trading

Front 57

what the acheivements of the Age of Exploration?

Back 57

-Columbus found America
-Spain, Portugal, England and France built large empires

Front 58

What were the acheivements of the Second Agricultural Revolution?

Back 58

-European farmers learned of new crops from the Americas
-new farming machines were developed
-surpluses lead to population growth and urbanization

Front 59

What were the achievements of the Industrial Revolution?

Back 59

-Machines replaced handtoold. Steam and electricity took the place of animal and human power
-factories developed
-many countries became democratic and allowed their male citizens to vote
-developed new transportaion and the telephone

Front 60

What happened in the Age of Imperialism?

Back 60

-the Industrial revolution spurred the demand for new materials, and Europeans nations competed for control over them
-changed power relationships around the world, Europeans power were getting stronger
-a lot of westernization in Europe
-India adopted railroads and the idea of democratic government

Front 61

What happened in the Cold War?

Back 61

-an arms race between the US and the Soviet Union
-war between US and communist countries to stop communist rebels in Vietnam
-ended in 1990s witht the collapse of the Soviet Union

Front 62

Vasco de Gama

Back 62

found water route around Africa to India

Front 63

urbanization

Back 63

growth of cities

Front 64

imperialism

Back 64

the control by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

Front 65

westernization

Back 65

adoption of western culture

Front 66

superpowers

Back 66

United States and the Soviet Union

Front 67

capital

Back 67

money that can be invested in business venturesfor the purpose of making a profit

Front 68

suffrage

Back 68

the right to vote

Front 69

nationalism

Back 69

pride and loyalty to one's country

Front 70

entrepeneurs

Back 70

people who set up businesses in order to make a profit

Front 71

What are the challenges facing developing nations?

Back 71

-have a lot of debt
-to much population growth
-a lot of illiteracy and uneducated people

Front 72

What are the goals of developing nations?

Back 72

-moderization
-to get political stability
-to get economic diversity
-education and services

Front 73

economic diversity

Back 73

a country producing a wide variety of goods

Front 74

literacy

Back 74

being able to read and write

Front 75

interest rates

Back 75

when a country borrows money, the lender charges intersts, which can lead to debt

Front 76

population density

Back 76

the average number of people living in an area of specific size

Front 77

cash crops

Back 77

cotton, rice, boffee, sugar

Front 78

independence

Back 78

don't have to depend on other nations for your well-being

Front 79

tariff

Back 79

a tax onn an imported good

Front 80

modernization

Back 80

set up stable governments and produce a high level of goods and services

Front 81

privitization

Back 81

selling state-owned industries to private investors

Front 82

debt

Back 82

owing money

Front 83

what are refugees?

Back 83

someone escaping their country because of poverty, wat, or harsh governments

Front 84

why is there so much illegal drug trade?

Back 84

there are a lot of poor people and they can make more money selling crops for drugs than growing food

Front 85

World Health Organization

Back 85

helps to wipe out deadly diseases

Front 86

Helskini Agreement

Back 86

for human rights, mor than 35 nations have signed it