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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who were the populists? |
-Had strong support in the South, the Western Plains and the Rocky Mountains. -Much of their support was from farmers and westerners who felt marginalised by the rise of industry and big business in the North and along the East Coast. |
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What did populism cause in the Democrat party? |
Caused fundamental change and deep divisions in the Democrat Party. |
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Which groups provided the foundation for the populist movement when they came together in 1892? |
- The Granger Movement - The Greenbacks - The farmers' alliances |
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What was the Granger Movement? |
- Founded by Oliver Kelly in 1867. - Was initially a social and economic organisation trying to create a sense of community among isolated farmers. - Wanted to promote farmer-owned cooperatives for buying and selling goods. |
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What legislation did the Granger Movement pass? |
- Granger representatives turned to political action. - Passed Granger Laws aimed at limiting powers of railroad companies and big business in their state. state. |
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How did the Granger Movement end? |
- Membership waned as the economy started improving in the 1870s. - Some members moved into the growing Greenback Party. |
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Who were the Greenbacks? |
- Greenback Party merged with National Labour Reform Party to form Greenback Labour Party in 1878. - Called for inflationary economic policy which by making the dollar cheaper would help farmers with debts and improve their competitiveness abroad. |
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How did the Greenbacks do in elections. |
- In 1878, got more than a million votes. - Presidential candidate James Weaver got about 300,000 votes in 1880 election. - Votes had decreased by 1884. |
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Who were the different farmers' alliances? |
- Set up in the 1880s. - Series of farmers' groups merged into 3 main areas by end of the 1880s: the North-Western Alliance in the Mid-West, the Southern Alliance and the Coloured farmers' alliance. |
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What were the programs adopted by the Farmers' Alliances? |
- In 1899, the Northern and Southern alliances adopted similar programmes: a graduated income tax, nationalisation of transport and communications and free unlimited coinage of silver. - This reflected farmers' concerns over previous decades of an inflationary money policy and checks on the discriminatory powers of big business. |
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How did the Farmers' alliances do in politics? |
- By 1890, there were 4 pro-alliance governors and 7 pro-alliance legislatures in the South. - There were fears that the white vote would be split in the South if the populist challenged the Bourbon Democrat groups, and so let in black Republicans. |
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What were the aims of populism? |
- Government ownership of railroads. - Opportunity for settlers and farmers to acquire land from corporations and foreigners. - Graduated income tax. - Currency not controlled by private bankers. - 'free silver': which was the end of the gild standard and unlimited use of silver to increase the money supply. |
