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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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CAGE |
Alcohol dependence assessment C : have you ever felt you should cut down on your drinking A: have people annoyed you by criticising your drinking ? G: have you ever felt bad or Guilty about your drinking E: have you ever had a drinking first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or get rid of a hangover |
C : concern A: apparent to others G : grave consequence E : evidence of dependence or tolerance |
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What other condition should be considered with an unresolved atopic eczema even after treatment with antibiotics ? |
Herpes simple virus Prescribe: oral acyclovir If eczema herpeticum ( wide spread eczema : give systemic acyclovir and refer for same- day specialist dermatological advice |
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Eczema herpeticum management |
Give systemic acyclovir and refer immediately for same day specialist dermatological advice If the eye and skin around the eye is involved refer for same day Dermatological and ophthalmological advice |
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Atopic eczema management |
Mild : emolients and mild TS Midetate: emolients, mild TS, topical calcineurin inhibitors such as ( pimecrolimus) + bandages Severe: emolients, potent topical corticosteroids + topical calcineurin inhibitors + bandages + phototherapy + systemic therapywhat |
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MI |
Post inferior MI complete heart block is common and can be managed conservatively if symptomatic and haemodynamically stable |
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Indications for temporary pacemakers |
Symptomatic / haemodynamically unstable bradycardia not responding to atropine Post- anterior MI : type 2 or complete heart block Trifascicular block prior to surgery |
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Risk factor for DCM |
Chronic alcoholism - due to thiamine deficiency Coxsakie B virus Wet beri beri Doxorubicin |
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Causes of cardiomyopathy |
Infective: coxsackie B virus and chaos’s disease Infiltrative : amyloidosis Storage: hemochromatosis Toxicity : doxorubicin and alcoholic cardiomyopathy Inflammatory : sarcoidosis Endocrine: DM, thyrotoxicosis, acromegaly Neuromuscular: friedreich’s ataxia, duchenne- Beckermsucukar dystrophy , myotonic dystrophy Nutritional deficiencies: beri beri ( thiamine ) Autoimmune: systemic lupus erythematosis |
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Takotsubo cardiomyopathy |
Stress induced: features of heart failure. Occurs after loss of close one Features: apical ballooning of myocardium
Treatment : supportive therapy Diuretics , beta blockers, warfarin |
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Acute exacerbation of COPD |
Features : dyspnoea, cough, wheeze , sputum, hypoxia and acute confusion Most common bacterial organisms Haemophilus influenzae Streptococcus pneumonia Moraxella catarrhalis
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Management of acute exacerbation of COPD |
Increase frequency of bronchodilator use and consider nebuliser Give prednisolone 30mg daily for 5 days First line : amoxicillin 500mg TDS or clarithromycin 500mg TDS or doxycycline 200mg stat then 100mg OD for 5 days |
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CPAP |
Continuous positive airway pressure Creates positive pressure It increases gas exchange by recruitment of alveoli It contains air and oxygen flowing through a tight mask
Uses: T1 respiratory failure, cariogenic pulmonary oedema, congestive heart failure , pneumonia and sleep apnoea |
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BiPAP |
Biphasic positive airway pressure |
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NIV |
Non invasive ventilation |
Gives push behind each breath Creates positive pressure Type 2 respiratory failure COPD Pneumonia Post intubation and extubation (icu) |
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Hydrocephalus |
Excessive volume of CSF within the ventricular system of the brain caused by imbalance btw CSF production and absorption Features Headache Typically worse in the morning and when lying down band during valsalva) Nausea and vomiting Papilloedema Coma (in sever cases) On children : bulging fontanels and sun setting eyes failure of upward gaze Types: obstructive (communicating) and non obstructive ( non- communicating) Investigation Ct head , MRI ( if lesion suspected) and lumbar puncture ( diagnostic and therapeutic ) Treatment External ventricular drain , ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS)
Note: LP must not be used in obstructive hydrocephalus : avoid brain hernia |
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