Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The social and political system in use in France in the 1770s called the _______. had been in place since the Middle Ages.
|
The Old Regime
|
|
|
A financial crisis, brought on in part by excessive spending and huge gambling losses by ________. resulted in forcing ________. to call the _______ into session for the first time in 175 years.
|
Marie Antoinette, Louis XVI, Estates General.
|
|
|
Delegates of the _____ who represented 98 percent of the French population, felt they should have as much say in the decision-making process as the ______ and the ______ combined.
|
Third Estate, First Estate, Second Estate.
|
|
|
Although not a member of the Third Estate, _______ was a spokesman for this group who recommended that its delegates should name themselves the ________ and pass laws and make reforms in the name of the French people.
|
Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyes, National Assembly.
|
|
|
When Third Estate delegates were forced to find a new meeting place, they made a pledge, called the ________, to continue their meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution.
|
Tennis Court Oath.
|
|
|
The noble men of the ______ and the clergy of the _______ were forced by the king to join the National Assembly.
|
Second Estate, First Estate.
|
|
|
Expecting trouble, _______ called up mercenary troops. This action caused a rebellion that fueled a widespread emotional reaction called the ______.
|
Louis XVI, The Great Fear.
|
|
|
Armed with pitchforks and farm tools, peasants destroyed old legal papers that bound them to feudal dues and burned down manor houses.
This was one of the events which happened in a period of time called: |
Great Fear
|
|
|
How many estates were there?
|
Three
|
|
|
Third Estate delegates broke down a door to a tennis court and pledged to stay until they had drawn up a new constitution.
|
Tennis Court Oath
|
|
|
The Second Estate forced Louis XVI to call this meeting:
|
Estates General
|
|
|
This person was a leading spokesman for the cause of the Third Estate at the 1789 meeting of the Estates General
|
Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyes
|
|
|
What did Sieyes suggest in his dramatic speech to the Estates General?
|
He suggested that the Third Estate delegates name themselves the National Assembly and pass laws and reforms in the name of the French people.
|
|
|
What is another name for the estate system of france?
|
Old Regime
|
|
|
What percentage of the population of France was made up of Rich Nobles?
|
2%
|
|
|
What three groups made up the third estate?
|
Bourgeoise (middle class), Workers, Peasants.
|
|
|
What was the Bastille?
|
A Paris Prison.
|
|
|
What was the Estates General?
|
An assembly of representatives from all three estates.
|
|
|
What were some causes of french unrest?
|
Bad harvests, high prices, high taxes, and disturbing questions raised by the Enlightenment ideas of Locke, Rousseau, and Voltaire.
|
|
|
When did bankers refuse to lend the government any more money?
|
1786
|
|
|
When did France's government sink deeply into debt?
|
During the 1770's and 1780's
|
|
|
When did the Third Estate vote to establish the National Assembly?
|
June 17, 1789
|
|
|
When did thousands of parisian women force louis and Marie Antoinette to return to Paris?
|
October 1789
|
|
|
When is Bastille day celebrated in France?
|
July 14
|
|
|
When was the meeting of the Estates General called?
|
May 5, 1789 at Versailles
|
|
|
Which estate did 97% of people belong to?
|
The Third Estate
|
|
|
Which part of the third Estate does this describe?
Bankers, factory owners, merchants, professionals, and skilled artisans. |
Bourgeoisie |
|
|
Which part of the third Estate does this describe?
Paid half their income in dues to nobles, tithes to the Church, an taxes to the King's agents. |
Peasants
|
|
|
Which part of the third Estate does this describe?
Tradespeople, apprentices, laborers and domestic servants. |
Workers
|
|
|
Which two public figures were part of France's debt problem?
|
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
|
|
|
Which was the poorest group within the Third Estate?
|
The Workers
|
|
|
Who had dominated the Estates-General in throughout the Middle Ages?
|
The clergy and Nobles.
|
|
|
Who made up the second Estate?
|
Rich nobles
|
|
|
Who owned 10% of the land in France?
|
The Clergy (Roman Catholic Church)
|
|
|
Who owned 20% of the land in france before the revolution?
|
The Second Estate
|
|
|
Who said:
The Third Estate is the People and the People is the foundation of the State" |
Comte D'Antraigues
|
|
|
Who, besides the Third Class did Louis XVI finally resort to taxing?
|
The Nobility
|
|
|
When did the National Assembly abolish the feudal privileges of the First and Second Estates?
|
August 4 1789
|
|
|
Which document may have influenced the French "Delcaration of the Rights of Man"?
|
The American Declaration of Independence
|
|
|
What french document stated that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights."
|
The Declaration of the Rights of Man
|
|
|
What were three rights promised by the declaration of the Rights of Man?
|
Liberty, Property, Security, Resistance to oppression, Equal Justice, Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion.
|
|
|
What did Olympe de Gouges (aw LIMP duh GOOZH)
Write? |
The Declaration of the Rights of Women
|
|
|
What was the slogan of the revolutionary leaders?
|
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.
|
|
|
How did the National Assembly's takeover of the church affect the peasants?
|
Many of the Peasants were devout catholics and believed that the pope should rule over a church independent of the state. From this time on, many peasants opposed the assembly's reforms.
|
|
|
When did the royal Family attempt to escape from France?
|
1791
|
|
|
Where did the French Royal Family intend to escape to in 1791?
|
The Austrian Netherlands
|
|
|
Was the Royal Family's Escape attempt successful?
|
No
|
|
|
What did the new french constitution do for Louis' power?
|
The new constitution stripped Louis' power away.
|
|
|
When was France's new constitution completed?
|
1791
|
|
|
What was new about frances new constitution?
|
The National Assembly added the Legislative Assembly.
|
|
|
What was the job of the Legislative Assembly?
|
To create laws and to approve or reject declarations of war.
|
|
|
What were the three groups the Legislative Assembly eventually split into?
|
The Radicals, the Moderates, and the Conservatives.
|
|
|
What was the objective of the Emigres?
|
To restore the Old Regime and undo the Revolution
|
|
|
What was the objective of the sans-culottes
|
To bring even greater changes to France
|
|
|
What did sans-culottes mean?
|
"those without knee breeches"
|
|
|
When did the Legislative Assembly declare war on Austria and Prussia?
|
April 1792
|
|
|
This brought the execution of over a thousand prisoners and royal sympathizers and was started by the absence of military garrison in paris.
|
The September Massacres
|
|
|
Which new governing body took office on September 21?
|
The National Convention
|
|
|
What did the National Convention do as soon as it was in power?
|
Abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic.
|
|
|
What were the Jacobin?
|
A radical political organization
|
|
|
This Jacobian Author edited a newspaper called L'Ami du Pueple
|
Jean-Paul Marat
|
|
|
When was Louis XVI Killed?
|
January 21 1793
|
|
|
What machine was King Louis XVI Killed by?
|
The Guillotine
|
|
|
When did the French win the Battle of Valmy?
|
1793
|
|
|
When did france start a draft?
|
1793
|
|
|
When did Robespierre come to power?
|
1793
|
|
|
How did Robespierre change the calendar?
|
Robespierre divided the year into 12 months of 30 days and removed sundays.
|
|
|
What was Robespierre's rule called?
|
the reign of TERROR!
*dun dun dun* |
|
|
This lawyer was among the Jacobin's most talented and passionate speakers. He was devoted to the rights of Paris' poor.
|
Georges Danton
|
|
|
When did the Reign of terror end?
|
July 28, 1794
|
|
|
On what island was Napoleon Bonaparte born?
|
Corsica
|
|
|
In October 1795 Napoleon Bonaparte defended what governmental body?
|
The National Convention
|
|
|
Which artist painted many heroic portraits of Napoleon?
|
Jacques Louis David
|
|
|
The government at the time of Napoleon's takeover was called a
|
Directory
|
|
|
What is a plebiscite?
|
A vote of the people
|
|
|
These were government run schools set up by Napoleon
|
Lycees
|
|
|
The agreement which napoleon signed with Pope Pius VII was called a:
|
concordat
|
|
|
Napoleon's system of laws was called the
|
Napoleonic Code
|
|
|
How did Napoleon officially come to power?
|
He crowned himself emperor at the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris
|
|
|
Enslaved Africans under the leadership of _________ seized control of this colony.
|
Toussaint L'Ouverture; Saint Domingue
|
|
|
How much did the United States pay for the Louisiana Territory in 1803?
|
15 Million Dollars
|
|
|
This battle took place in 1805 off the coast of spain, and ensured the supremacy of the British navy for the next 100 years.
|
The Battle of Trafalgar
|
|
|
Napoleon divorced his wife Josephine, and married the grandniece of Marie Antoinette. Her name was.
|
Marie Louise
|
|
|
During this meeting of european powers, the goal was to establish long-lasting peace and stability on the continent after Napoleon's defeat.
|
Congress of Vienna
|
|
|
Who was the most influential of the five powers represented in the Congress of Vienna?
|
Klemens von Metternich
|
|
|
What important event happened in the winter of 1814 and 1815?
|
The Congress Of Vienna
|
|
|
This policy said that the families which had been driven from their thrones by Napoleon would be replaced.
|
Legitimacy
|
|
|
In late 1815, Czar Alexander I, Emperor Francis I of Austria , and King Frederick William III of Prussia signed an agreement called the
|
Holy Alliance
|
|
|
This agreement insured that nations would help one another if any revolutions broke out
|
Concert of Europe
|
|
|
What were Metternich's three goals at the Congress of Vienna?
|
The Containment of France, Balance of Power, and Legitimacy.
|
|
|
This group took over the ruling of France after Robspierre. Who were they?
|
The Directory
|
|
|
How did Napoleon come to power?
|
Coup D Etat
|
|
|
Russian general during the battle of Waterloo
|
Bulcher
|
|
|
This group promised not to disband until France had a new constitution
|
National Assembly
|
|
|
Revoltuionaries' name that means "those without knee breeches
|
sans-culottes
|
|
|
When wages remain the same but prices rise
|
Inflation
|
|
|
British military leader who defeated Napoleon at Waterloo
|
Duke of Wellington
|
|
|
Who came to power after the French Revolution
|
Napoleon
|
