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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Magellan, where he was from and who he ended up working for.
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hot temper, from Portugal. Portuguese King was tired of temper and
refused to send on expeditions. He joined an expedition in Spain -Spain Portugal enemies |
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What was Magellan's most important achievement?
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First explorer to circumnavigate the globe.
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Describe the disappointments on Magellan's Voyage
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ships immediately started leaking;
mutiny occurred (Magellan asserted his commands); Lost a boat due to stormy seas; The first straight they encountered was a dead end; More stormy seas and another mutiny after going further south. |
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What was second straight like?
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one had been looking for - the Strait of Lisbon.
tall cliffs narrow violent tides |
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What happened to Magellan's crew after they discovered the Straight they had been looking for?
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One ship was afraid to go on, so they mutinied &
turned back |
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After they sailed out of the straight, what did they name the sea, and why?
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Pacific ocean
seas were very calm here -pacific means calm |
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How long did it take them to travel across this ocean?
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4 months
-thought it take 4 days. Got supplies on some Pacific islands, but still quickly ran out of food |
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What happened to Magellan?
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spotted eastern island of spice islands
men wanted get spices go home Magellan wanted to explore -got killed in fight with village chief -men sailed home |
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Describe the end of Magellan's voyage as they return home.
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3 years after left
1/5 ships 18/277 men spices paid for trip + extra |
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Describe John Cabot
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spice trader
seaman An Italian who moved to Spain in 1490 He wanted find a northern route to spice islands. moved to England |
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Describe the First trip of John Cabot.
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found an island off of Asia
returned home |
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Describe the Second trip of John Cabot:
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don't know what happened
never returned one of first to try that way |
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Why is Francis Drake(from England) a pirate?
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was robbed by Spanish ship
wanted revenge |
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Describe the Supplies & Route of Drake:
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Supplies: 5 ships , 164 men, raided ship took Portuguese pilot
Route: followed Magellan's route; through land of fire; noted Archipelago;mapped San Francisco, claimed north America for England |
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Describe how Drake helped to defeat the Spanish Armada.
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The Spanish had a big fleet of huge ships. They separated the ships by setting small ships on fire towards the big ships. The Spanish were afraid that the small ships might explode if they had gunpowder aboard. So they separated. Drake took smaller mobile ships to fight the large separated ships one at a time.
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What did Francis Drake do with the treasure?
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gave to queen
payed of debt+more made sir |
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What was the importance of the defeat of the Spanish Armada?
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Only about 1/2 of the 130 ships that sailed returned to Spain. This established England as the country with the most powerful navy.
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When and where was the 1st English colony in North America, and who founded them?
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Sir Walter Raleigh established the colony on Roanoke island, off North Carolina in 1585.
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What happened to the first colony?Why?
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Came back.
No women or children. |
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When, where and what happened to the second colony? What was it called after that?
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Raleigh put plenty of women and children along with men on next ship to Roanoke island. Got wiped out; a supply ship found the town deserted.
Called the Lost Colony |
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What was the first permanent company called? Where was it?
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The London company in Jamestown
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Who was the first European to sail up the Atlantic coast and what important area did he find?
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Giovanni da Verrasano. He was sent to map it accurately by France. He found the deep harbor around the island of New York.
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What areas did Jacques Cartier
explore on his first voyage? |
1534 explored Newfoundland and reached the Gulf of Saint Lawrence,but did not explore.
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What areas did Jacques Cartier
explore on his second voyage? |
the Gulf of Saint Lawrence
-Indian village -Hill Montreal ---named Mt royal,got changed |
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What nice thing did the Indians do for the french and vice-versa?
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Indians solved scurvy.
French helped them in Wars with rival tribes. |
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What did Jacques Cartier
do on his third voyage? |
tried set up colony with prisoners in Canada, but failed
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Why was France interested in building colonies in New France? How did it work?
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trade between Indians and French
Indians got tools French got furs -especially beaver fur for men's hats |
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What did Jacques Marquette and Louise Joliet do?
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first European explorers reach Mississippi and interior of N. America.
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What did Rene Robert Cavalier,Sieur De la salle do?
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Sailed down Mississippi to gulf of Mexico in 1682
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What caused the Dutch to gain control over the spice trade?
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1) Death of King Henry of Portugal-had no successor and Spain took over Portugal. Portugal became part of Spain.
2) Defeat of the Spanish Armada. Spanish sea power declined. The Dutch took over because it seemed like the right time. |
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Who Jan Von Linschoten?
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A Dutch sailor who was looking for a NE route to the Spice Islands. He gave up and lived in India and kept notes on the traders he worked with and these notes helped the Dutch.
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Where was the Dutch main trade center. Why was it's location important? Describe the Dutch East India Company.
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The Dutch East India Company was based in Java, Indonesia. The community was named Batavia. It was far away from the Portuguese on the African coast, but close to the Malaca islands.
In 1600 a joint-stock company formed and got a charter to monopolize trade from East of the Cape of Good Hope in Africa to the Straights of Magellan in South America |
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Who were the Dutch and what sneaky tactics did they use to control the spice trade?
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A small country without many resources, so they bought things from other countries and traded with those. When there was too much of a good, they would burn it so the price wouldn't decline. They would soak Nutmeg in lime so that it worked as a spice, but not as a seed.
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What is Capetown and why was it established and how was it found?
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It was a colony created as a rest stop between the Netherlands and the Spice Islands. It was found by shipwrecked sailors who discovered it was the perfect place for a settlement.
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Who was Dirk Harteg?
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A dutch explorer who discovered Australia.
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Who was Abel Tansman?
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A dutch explorer who discovered Tasmania and named it after himself. He sailed around Australia and Tasmania to prove that they were islands.
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Who was Henry Hudson?
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An Englishman who got a job with the Dutch East India Company in 1609. He took a ship to NW past Norway but it got too cold and he turned west. He went through the Hudson River, thinking it was a way through N.America, but it got shallower and he turned back. He went a 2nd time, and he discovered Hudson Bay. It was winter, and there was a mutiny and he and some supporters were lost forever.
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Define straight.
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A narrow waterway connecting 2 bodies of water
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Circumnavigate
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To travel completely around something, especially by water.
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Joint-stock company
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A company that raises money by selling shares of stock.
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Charter
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A document issued by a country that gives a group certain rights
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cartographer
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a map-maker
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portage
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To carry a canoe and supplies over land from one waterway to another.
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hold
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The interior of a ship below decks.
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indentured servant
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A person who owes an employer a certain amount of work for a certain amount of time.
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growing season
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The days available to plant and harvest crops.
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When did slaves appear in present day America?
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in 1619
Dutch ship traded slaves -got food and supplies |
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What were conditions like on slave ships?
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dehumanizing
treated like cargo had a 6 ft (length)by 16 in(width) below deck chained down couldn't flip over couldn't go to restroom given a little rice and water 2x a day filthy could exercise on deck once a day -so they were strong for the labor some cleaned below while they were exercising,but not all |
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Describe the slave trade triangle.
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From Europe to Africa, goods - cloth, gunpowder,etc,were sent
from Africa to the colonies, slaves were sent from the colonies to Europe, sugar and tobacco, were sent |
