Health Psych Midterm

Front 1

Health Psychology

Back 1

psychological influences on how ppl stay healthy, when they get sick, and how they respond to sickness. - “on health and illness”

Front 2

What a health psychologist studies

Back 2

how ppl stay healthy over time (health promotion, doing good stuff)
how ppl become ill - the etiology - exchange between how our emotions affect our health
how ppl respond when they become ill (what do we do when we're sick? do we self mediate? go to a doctor? go to work? do u return to the doctor?

practice:
-help physicians use a biopsychosocial approach
-social work
-occupational therapy
-dietetics
-physical therapy
-public health
-support groups for dealing with disease
-educational interventions
research:
-evaluate programs
-administer health agencies
-chart progress of disease and develop interventions

Front 3

health (WHO)

Back 3

a complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Front 4

wellness

Back 4

balance between physical, mental and social well-being - an optimum state of health

Front 5

history of health psychology

Back 5

ancient greeks and hypocrates developed theory of humors of illness
- blood: passion
- black bile: sadness
- yellow bile: anger
- phlegm: laidback
middle ages: disease is god's punishment
renaissance: mind and body are separate. microscope. autopsy. cellular pathology
freud: conversion hysteria: unconscious conflicts symbolized in disease
psychosomatic medicine: disorders that are caued by emotional conflicts. (hyperthyroid, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, asthma, ulcers)

Front 6

areas of biopsychosocial health

Back 6

health promotion and maintenance
health prevention and treatment of illness
etiology and correlations of health
improving the health care system and formulating health policy

Front 7

problems with biomedical model

Back 7

biomedical model: illness can be explained on the basis of aberrant somatic bodily processes, such as biochemical imbalances or neurophysiological abnormalities

1) reductionistic
2) assumes mind-body dualism
3) emphasize illness over health
4) let's fix it strategy

Front 8

advantages of biopsychosocial model

Back 8

both macrolevel (social/psychological) and microlevel (cells/genes)
addresses both mind and body
systems theory - all parts of body are linked to each other. treating one can hurt another (i.e. side effects of medication and depression bc of mastectomy)

Front 9

clinical implications of the biopsychosocial model

Back 9

diagnosis and treatment include all three
address patient/practitioner relationship: PATIENT-focused. focus on why they don't take their pills and their family.
optimism
focus on personalities that are prone to disease

Front 10

acute vs chronic illnesses

Back 10

acute: short-term. infections usually. cure or die. ex: tuberculosis, pneumonia, etc.
chronic: slowly developing. can't be cured but only managed (ex: heart disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity)

chronic have psychological/social factors which u can address ahead of time
they affect each other
caused by behaviors - alcohol, diet, smoking

Front 11

reasons for rise in health psychology

Back 11

-rise of chronic disorders
-advances in technology (having to deal with cancer risk or assisted suicide in case of disease)
-role of epidemiology (dealing with low-mortality high-morbidity diseases that hurt but don't kill you
-expanded health care services. ppl spend lots more. there are disparities, so prevention is good bc it's cost-effective
- increased medical acceptance
- health psych research (MD's and nurses don't really do research)
role of theory - theories create guidelines for research/intervention
-role of theory (more abstract than most medical science. guides future research with things like theory of planned behavior and stages model.
-experiments, correlational studies, prospective research (looking forward in time to see how a group of people change), longitudinal research (prospective research where same ppl are observed over time), retrospective research (post-hoc analysis)

Front 12

epidemiology

Back 12

study of the frequency, distribution and causes of infectious and noninfectious disease in the population. the SOURCE, TRANSMISSION and CONSEQUENCES

Front 13

morbidity

Back 13

# of cases of a disease

Front 14

mortality

Back 14

# of deaths

Front 15

etiology

Back 15

the causes of the disease