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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What tool was used in achieving Health for all? Who, when and where? |
Primary health care; by World health Assembly in Alma Ata (Russia) in the year 1978 |
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Define PHC |
Primary health care is essential health care which is appropriate, accessible, acceptable and affordable for individuals and families within the community |
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What does it mean for PHC to be essential, appropriate, accessible, acceptable and affordable |
Essential - not necessarily important but meets basic requirements for survival e. g. Cardiothoracic surgeons are important but compared to Midwives and Obstetricians, they are not essential Appropriate - through one of the pillars (appropriate technology) provide service at the community level Acceptable - culturally and religion-wise Affordable - NHIS (know challenges with NHIS) Accessible - easy to acquire (know the key barriers) |
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What are the barriers to access of PHC? |
1. Geographical access: poor roads, no facilities so long distance travel 2. Financial barrier: overcome by NHIS provision 3. Cultural and Religion Barrier: need for more Health education and promotion 4. Functional access: no doctors, no beds etc |
4 |
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Challenges of NHIS |
1. Challenge with Clients: delay in accessing since it takes time 2. Challenge with health care providers: delay in reimbursement 3. Challenge with Purchasers/NHIA/Government : financial, |
Group into 3 |
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Components of PHC |
1.Health education 2. Food and nutrition 3. Water and sanitation 4. Reproductive and child health including family planning 5. Immunization 6. Control of locally endemic dx like malaria, diarrhoea 7. Treatment of Common ailments (millennium devt goals, sustainable dev. Goals) 8. Essential drugs Added in Gh: mental and dental health |
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Principles of Primary health care |
1. Equity 2. Intersectoral collaboration |
2 |
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What are the 4 pillars of Primary health care |
1. Political will 2. Appropriate technology 3. Intersectoral collaboration 4. Community participation |
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Primary health structure |
4tiers National Regional District Sub-district Community Note: PHC for all the tiers but most needed by the District cuz many people live there. District structure has levels A, B and C. Health structures in the levels: Level A (community) : CHPS Level B (sub district) : health centres Level C (District) : district hospitals |
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Who are the core members of the District health management team |
1. District Director of Health services 2. District public health nurse 3. Dr. in charge of district hospital (senior medical officer/med SUP) 4. District Dx ctrl health officer 5. District Environmental health officer Co-opted members include DCE, hospital administrators, nutrition officer etc |
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Why did the PHC fail? |
Criticisms of Gh's PHC system 1. Predominantly urban oriented 2. Mostly curative in nature 3. Accessible mainly to small part of population 4. Level A of the PHC depended on voluntary staff (unsustainable) |
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