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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to Freud, development of the gender roles primarily occurs as a result of...
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Resolving the Oedipus or Electra complex.
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Part of the task of establishing a sexual identity is becoming aware of one's_______ that is, preference for sexual partners of the same or opposite sex.
1. gender identity 2. gender roles 3. sexual orientation 4. primary sexual characteristics |
c. sexual orientation
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According to Guttman, once the parental imperitive has ended...
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men and women incorporate more opposite gender characteristics into their personalities.
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According to lecture, a person who had the XY chromosome pattern, but who failed to develop male genitals because the lack of exposure to androgen in the womb would technically be classified as a ...
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male pseudohermaphrodite (merm)
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Elderly adults should view their lives as meaningful in order to face death without regrets over unfulfilled goals and frustrations. This best describes Erickson's psychosocial crisis of...
1. generativity vs. stagnation 2. industry vs. inferiority 3. autonomy vs. shame and doubt 4. integrity vs. despair |
4. integrity vs. despair
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Children begin to form _____ as they classify themselves along socially significant dimensions like sex or age.
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the categorical self
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Baby Bob is even tempered, usually happy and open to new experiences. Thomas and Chess would say that Bob has _______ temperament.
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Easy
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Which of these best describes Marcia's concept of the moratium status in adolescent identity formation?
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The adolescent is currently experiencing an identity crisis and is actively raising questions and seeking answers.
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Compliance and cooperativeness, trust, straightforwardness, altruism, and modesty best describe which of the "big five" personality traits?
1. Openness to experience 2. Extraversion 3. Agreeableness 4. Conscientiousness |
c. Agreeableness
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Butler has proposed that elderly adults engage in a process called ______ in which they reflect on unresolved conflicts of the past in order to come to terms with themselves, find coherence in their lives and prepare for death.
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Life review
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Prejudice and discrimination directed against older people is commonly called.
1. ageism 2. elder abuse 3. patricide 4. senilophilia |
Ageism
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The individuals thoughts and actionsthat make up and reflect a child's stage of thinking best defines Piaget's concept of:
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Schemes
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According to Piaget, the infant's thought does not make much use of symbols and tends to be confined to the here-and-now. This best describes which of Piaget's stages...
1. preoperations 2. concrete operations 3. sensorimotor 4. formal operations |
c. sensorimotor
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Which of these abilities is NOT characteristic of concrete operational thinkers,according to Piaget?
1. Class inclusion 2. conservation 3. Hypothetical deductive reasoning 4. Transivity |
3. Hypothetical deductive reasoning
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What best illustrates Elkind's concept of the imaginary audience?
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A teen assuming that everyone else is as concerned about his appearance as he is.
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The ability to uncover and resolve contradictions between opposing ideas best defines...
1. hypothetical-deductive reasoning 2. dialectical thinking 3. relativistic thinking 4. seriation |
2. dialectical thinking
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According to your textbook, which of these is a common criticism of Piaget's theory...
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Failing to distinguish competence from performance
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Jimmy learned the word 'doggie' to refer to a canine who lives with his family. One day Jimmy sees an aardvarkwalking down the street, points to it, and says 'doggie.' Jimmy using the word doggie to refer to a wide range of animals is called...
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Overextension
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Which of these represents the early sequence of language development in the correct order?
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Crying, cooing, babbling, holophrases, telegraphic speech.
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Chomsky's concept of the Language Aquisition Device (LAD) states that infants...
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Are born with the basic understanding and capacity for language.
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Surveys show that most people in the US _____ active euthanasia, and that most people _______ passive euthanasia.
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oppose: support
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On average, life expectancy in the U.S is lowest for:
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African American men
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The highest number of years it is possible for a member of a species to live is called the
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Maximum life span
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According to Kubler-Ross, the first stage of dying is
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Feelings of isolation and a denial of the reality of the situation.
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Research shows that the last thing children usually understand about death is that death...
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has a biological causation
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Surveys show that on average, __________ express more death anxiety than ____ do.
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People with low self esteem, people with high self esteem
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Which of the following os NOT true? Research on the effects of losing a spouse to death show that the psychological adjustment to becoming widowed ...
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is more difficult for elderly people than it is for young and middle aged adults.
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Extreme anger or guilt over the loss of a loved one is called______ grief.
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distorted
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Which of these is most associated with the hospice approach to caring for terminally ill patients?
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The dying person and the family - "not the experts" decide what support they want and need.
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Why do infant reflexes diassapear?
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The functions of the infant are taken over by the brain cortex.
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What is assessed in infants with the 'visual cliff' experiment?
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depth perception
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What nervous system development occurs during infancy?
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They gain more neurons.
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At what stage of development are children when they understand reversal?
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Operational
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What type of perception is used when an infant sees a CD being put in a cd player and they know music will be played?
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Intermodal
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an infant has a toy which makes a certain sound when struck a certain way, the child determines that the toy will make a different sound if stuck in a different way. What has been done to the schema?
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Assimilation
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What is the grammar when a child refers to his pet poodle as a dog, but no other dog/
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Underextension
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The smallest amount of stimulus we can detect 50% of the time with no other souns around.
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Absolute threshold
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Rare condition in which brain damage impairs ability to recognize faces.
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Prosopagnosia
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sharp pain is to dull pain as
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Large nerve fiber is to small nerve fiber
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Applies only to sharp pain.
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Gate control theory
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Loss of sense of smell
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Anosmia
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Sense that gives us info. about location of our body parts with respect to one another and allows movement
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Kinesthesia
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Human tendency to impose order in the world.
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Gestalt
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Transduce physical energy into neural energy
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Sensory receptors
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Part of the brain most essential for classical conditioning.
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Cerebellum
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Learning based on consequences
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Operant conditioning
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States that a more preferred activity can be used to reinforce a less preferred activity.
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Premack principle
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Stimuli that strengthen the responses that precede them.
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Positive reinforcers
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Includes food, water and sex.
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Primary reinforcers
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Includes grades, trophies and applause.
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Conditioned reinforcers
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Involves the impact of negative reinforcers. Stimuli that strengthen responses that permit an organism to avoid or escape from their presence.
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Negative reinforcers
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Best known for originating the observational learning theory.
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Bandura
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