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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Muckrakers |
Journalists who expose corruption in politics and big business |
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Robert La Follette |
Member of the House, senator and Governor of the state of Wisconsin, he brought about many democratic reforms in the state's politics, including the nomination of candidates by direct vote and the regulation of railroad rates. He also introduced the idea of direct appeal to the electorate on questions of policy, called the referendum. |
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Wisconsin Idea |
reform program which included a direct primary, increased taxes to create commissions, curbing excessive lobbying, backing reform labors, and conserving natural resources |
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Temperance |
the practice of always controlling your actions, thoughts, or feelings so that you do not eat or drink too much, become too angry, etc. total abstinence from alcoholic liquors. |
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John Dewey |
He was a philosopher who believed in "learning by doing" which formed the foundation of progressive education. He believed that the teachers' goal should be "education for life and that the workbench is just as important as the blackboard." |
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Eugenics |
The study of improving the qualities of the human species by discouraging reproduction by persons having genetic defects or presumed to have inheritable undesirable traits. |
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Margaret Sagner |
American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood. |
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WEB DuBois |
1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910 from the Niagara Movement. |
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Interstate Commerce Act (1887) |
Congressional legislation that established the Interstate Commerce Commission, compelled railroads to publish standard rates, and prohibited rebates and pools. Railroads quickly became adept at using the Act to achieve their own ends, but the Act gave the government an important means to regulate big business. |
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Teapot Dome Scandal |
Teapot dome scandal, involved secretary Interior, Albert Fall who accepted valuable gifts & large sums of money from private oil companies. in exchange Fall allowed the oil companies to control government oil reserves. He was the 1st cabinet member ever to be convicted of his crimes while in office. |
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Nathan Bedford Forrest |
General Forrest may have been one of the most respected cavalrymen of the Civil War, but his legend is marred by his racism. Before the Civil War, Forrest was a slave trader, and after the war he became one of the first Grand Wizards of the Ku Klux Klan. |
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Thomas Edison |
American inventor and physicist who took out more than 1,000 patents in his lifetime. His inventions include the telegraph (1869), microphone (1877), and light bulb (1879). He also designed the first power plant (1881-82), making possible the widespread distribution of electricity. During World War I, he worked on a number of military devices, including flamethrowers, periscopes, and torpedoes. |
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Nikola Telsa |
He was the one who created the remote control system. All of the remote controlled thigs of this day and age all come from Tesla. |
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Alexander Graham Bell |
Invented the first telephone. A teacher of the deaf. He was significant because his invention sparked the creation of a gigantic communication network across the United States. Made women go from the kitchens to the work place as "number please women." |
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stock market |
A general term used to describe all transactions involving the buying and selling of stock shares issued by a company. |
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Gunboat Diplomacy |
using force or the threat of force to influence countries to do what you want them to do |
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Isolationism |
Definition: A national policy of avoiding involvement in the national affairs of other countries. Relates: The US practiced isolationism at the beginning of the war. |
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Flappers |
carefree young women with short, "bobbed" hair, heavy makeup, and short skirts. The flapper symbolized the new "liberated" woman of the 1920s. Many people saw the bold, boyish look and shocking behavior of flappers as a sign of changing morals. Though hardly typical of American women, the flapper image reinforced the idea that women now had more freedom. |
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Prohibition |
a total ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor throughout the United States. 1919-1933 |
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Organized Crime |
any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities self-perpetuating, structured and discipline associations of individuals or groups combined together unlawful activities of the members of a highly organized, disciplined association engaged in supplying illegal goods and services |
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Unrestricted Submarine Warfare |
The action of submarines shooting down other ships without warning. |
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Suffrage |
The legal right to vote, extended to African Americans by the Fifteenth Amendment, to women by the Nineteenth Amendment, and to people over the age of 18 by the Twenty-sixth Amendment. |
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14 points |
Woodrow Wilson's peace plan to end WWI. It calls for free trade; an end to secret pacts between nations; freedom of the seas; arms reduction; and the creation of a world organization - called the League of Nations |
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League of Nations |
International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. It proved ineffectual in stopping aggression by Italy, Japan, and Germany in the 1930s. (763) |
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Committee on Public Information |
1917) A government office during World War I known popularly as the Creel Committee for its Chairman George Creel, it was dedicated to winning everyday Americans' support for the war effort. It regularly distributed pro-war propaganda and sent out an army of "four-minute men" to rally crowds and deliver "patriotic pep". (748) |
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Espionage Act of 1917 |
law that prohibited interference with the draft and other acts of national "disloyalty." With the Sedition Act of 1918, it created a time that was unfriendly to civil liberties. |
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Sedation Act of 1918 |
Along with the Espionage Act, it reflected current fears about Germans and anti-war Americans. |
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Oliver Holmes |
A famous justice of the Supreme Court during the early 1900s. Called the "Great Dissenter" because he spoke out against the inposition of national regulations and standards, and supported the states' rights to experiment with social legislation. |
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American Expeditionary Force |
American force of 14,500 that landed in France in June 1917 under the command of General John Pershing. Both women and blacks served during the war, mostly under white officers |
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John Pershing |
Pershing was an American general who led troops against "Pancho" Villa in 1916. He took on the Meuse-Argonne offensive in 1918 which was one of the longest lasting battles- 47 days in World War I. He was the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe during World War I. |
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stewardship theory |
An expansive theory of presidential power, put forth by Theodore Roosevelt that holds that the president can undertake any act -- as long as it is not prohibited--by a specific provision of the constitution of statutory law |
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Hepburn Act |
The Hepburn Act is a 1906 United States federal law that gave the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) the power to set maximum railroad rates and extend its jurisdiction. This led to the discontinuation of free passes to loyal shippers. |
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Pure Food n Drug Act |
was a key piece of Progressive Era legislation; purpose was to protect the public against adulteration of food and from products identified as healthful without scientific support |
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Upton Sinclair |
Muckraker who wrote The Jungle - exposing the meat packing industry |
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New Nationalism |
There is a national interest and government should favor it over any one group |
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16th amendment |
Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income. |
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federal reserve act |
established in december 1913. it is the act that created the federal reserve system, the central banking system of the united states, which was signed into law by woodrow wilson. it regulated banking to help smaller banks stay in business. |
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Progressive Tax |
A tax for which the percentage of income paid in taxes increases as income increases |
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17th amendment |
provided for the direct election of US Senators |
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Proclamation of Neutrality |
Washington's declaration that the U.S. would not take sides after the French Revolution touched off a war between France and a coalition consisting primarily of England, Austria and Prussia. Washington's Proclamation was technically a violation of the Franco-American Treaty of 1778. |
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Lusitania |
A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war. |
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Zimmerman Telegram |
a diplomatic proposal in 1917 from the Germany offering an allience with Mexico. It was intercepted and decoded by British intelligence. |
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War Industries Board |
United States government agency established on July 28, 1917, during World War I, to coordinate the purchase of war supplies |
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Spanish Flu |
Global outbreak of a deadly type of flu. The movement of soldiers during WWI helped to spread the virus. 20-40% of people in the world are estimated to have become ill with the virus that attacked the young and healthy as well the weak. People sometimes felt fine in the morning and were dead by night. An estimated 675,000 people died in the U.S. and 50 million worldwide. |
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Red Scare |
period of anticommunist hysteria. fear that a bolshevik revolution would erupt in the US reached its height during the Red Scare |
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Andrew Mellon |
treasury secretary, favored expansion of capital investment, tax policies, successfully pushed congress to lower taxes |
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Henry Ford |
Model T car |
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Charles Lindberg |
Became the first person to fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean |
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Scopes Trial |
Trial of teacher John Scopes of Dayton, Tennessee, for the teaching of evolution. During this trial, attorneys Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan squared off on the teachings of Darwin versus the teachings of the Bible. |
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18th admendment |
Prohibited people to drink, make, or transport alcohol. |
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19th amendment |
guaranteed women the constitutional right to vote |
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Al Copne |
Chicago bootlegger, made millions selling illegal liquor during Prohibition. |
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Calvin Coolidge |
the 30th President of the United States (1923-1929). A Republican lawyer from Vermont, Coolidge worked his way up the ladder of Massachusetts state politics, eventually becoming governor of that state. He embodied the spirit and hopes of the middle class, could interpret their longings and express their opinions. That he did represent the genius of the average is the most convincing proof of his strength. |
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Hawley Smoot Tariff |
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff wast enacted in 1930. This treaty raised tariffs on many imported goods. Many American trading partners retaliated in response to this tariff. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff might have even worsened the Great Depression. ECONOMIC. |
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New Deal |
the historic period (1933-1940) in the U.S. during which President Franklin Roosevelt's economic policies were implemented |
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Brain Trust |
Group of expert policy advisers who worked with FDR in the 1930s to end the great depression |
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CCC |
employed about 3 million men (between 18-25) to work on projects that benefited the public, planting trees to reforest areas, building levees for flood control, and improving national parks, etc. Most pop form of legislation. Men only keep 20-25% of $, rest sent back to family. |
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CWA |
put people directly on the federal payroll to repair roads, paint schools, rake leaves, and build playgrounds |
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AAA |
attempted to regulate agricultural production through farm subsidies; reworked after the Supreme Court ruled its key provisions unconstitutional in 1936; coordinated agricultrual production during WWII, after which it was disbanded |
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NRA |
Designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed. Businesses that agreed to the NRA would cooperate with other industries to create industry-wide codes for minimum wages and maximum hours. Workers were given the right to unionize. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional. Recovery. |
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TVA |
hired people to build dams and generators, bringing electricity and jobs to communities the Tennessee River Valley |
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TVA |
hired people to build dams and generators, bringing electricity and jobs to communities the Tennessee River Valley |
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Social security Act |
guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health |
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TVA |
hired people to build dams and generators, bringing electricity and jobs to communities the Tennessee River Valley |
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Social security Act |
guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health |
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national labor act |
The law now guarantees the right for every employee to formally organize and to engage in the collective bargaining process |
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TVA |
hired people to build dams and generators, bringing electricity and jobs to communities the Tennessee River Valley |
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Social security Act |
guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health |
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national labor act |
The law now guarantees the right for every employee to formally organize and to engage in the collective bargaining process |
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Revenue Act of 1935 |
1935 act that raised taxes on incomes above 500,000 and on gift,estate and corporate taxes on all but small corporations (incomes below 500,00). |
