Gross Back Muscles

Front 1

Origin of trapezius

Back 1

spinous processes of C7 - T12, nuchal ligament, external occipital protuberance, medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line

Front 2

Insertion of trapezius

Back 2

Spine of scapula, acromion process of scapula, lateral 1/3 of the clavicle

Front 3

Innervation of trapezius

Back 3

Accessory nerve (XI) and cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4

Front 4

Blood supply of trapezius

Back 4

Transverse cervical artery

Front 5

Action of trapezius

Back 5

elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula

Front 6

Origin of latissimus dorsi

Back 6

spinous processes of T6 - T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 2 - 4 ribs

Front 7

Insertion of latissimus dorsi

Back 7

Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Front 8

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

Back 8

thoracodorsal nerve

Front 9

Blood supply of latissimus dorsi

Back 9

thoracodorsal artery

Front 10

Action of latissimus dorsi

Back 10

extends, adducts, medially rotates the humerus

Front 11

Origin of Rhomboid minor

Back 11

spinous processes of C7 - T1, nuchal ligament

Front 12

Insertion of Rhomboid minor

Back 12

medial border of scapula above spine

Front 13

Blood supply of Rhomboid minor and major

Back 13

Dorsal scapular artery

Front 14

Innervation of Rhomboid minor and major

Back 14

Dorsal scapular nerve

Front 15

Action of Rhomboid minor and major

Back 15

Retract scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

Front 16

Origin of Rhomboid major

Back 16

spinous processes of T2 - T5

Front 17

Insertion of Rhomboid major

Back 17

medial border of scapula below spine

Front 18

Origin of erector spinae

Back 18

Thoracolumbar fascia

Front 19

Insertion of erector spinae

Back 19

Thoracic and cervical vertebrae, numerous ribs

Front 20

Innervation of erector spinae

Back 20

Dorsal rami of spinal nerve (UNIQUE - usually sensory)

Front 21

Action of erector spinae

Back 21

Rotary movements of the spine, some extension

Front 22

Origin of serratus posterior superior

Back 22

spinous processes of C7 - T3, nuchal ligament

Front 23

Insertion of serratus posterior superior

Back 23

Ribs 2 - 4

Front 24

Innervation of serratus posterior superior

Back 24

Intercostal nerve

Front 25

Action of serratus posterior superior

Back 25

elevates ribs, accessory respiratory muscle

Front 26

Origin of serratus posterior inferior

Back 26

thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes of T11 - L2

Front 27

Insertion of serratus posterior inferior

Back 27

Ribs 9 - 12

Front 28

Innervation of serratus posterior inferior

Back 28

Intercostal nerve

Front 29

Action of serratus posterior inferior

Back 29

Depresses ribs, prevents diaphragm from pulling superiorly

Front 30

Origin of deltoid

Back 30

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion of scapula

Front 31

Insertion of deltoid

Back 31

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Front 32

Innervation of deltoid

Back 32

Axillary nerve

Front 33

Action of deltoid

Back 33

Abducts arm 15 - 100 degrees, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, posterior fibers extend arm and laterally rotate the arm

Front 34

Origin of supraspinatus

Back 34

supraspinous fossa

Front 35

Insertion of supraspinatus

Back 35

Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Front 36

Innervation of supraspinatus

Back 36

suprascapular nerve

Front 37

Action of supraspinatus

Back 37

Initiates abduction of arm 0 - 15 degrees

Front 38

Origin of infraspinatus

Back 38

infraspinous fossa

Front 39

Insertion of infraspinatus

Back 39

Middle facet of the greater tubercle

Front 40

Innervation of infraspinatus

Back 40

Suprascapular nerve

Front 41

Action of infraspinatus

Back 41

Lateral rotation of arm

Front 42

Origin of teres minor

Back 42

Upper lateral border of the scapula

Front 43

Insertion of teres minor

Back 43

Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Front 44

Innervation of teres minor

Back 44

Axillary nerve

Front 45

Origin of teres major

Back 45

Lower lateral border of the scapula

Front 46

Insertion of teres major

Back 46

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Front 47

Innervation of teres major

Back 47

Lower subscapular nerve

Front 48

Action of teres major

Back 48

Medial rotation of the humerus, adduction of the arm, extension of the arm

Front 49

Origin of subscapularis

Back 49

subscapular fossa

Front 50

Insertion of subscapularis

Back 50

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Front 51

Innervation of subscapularis

Back 51

Upper and lower subscapular nerve

Front 52

Action of subscapularis

Back 52

Medial rotation of the arm

Front 53

Origin of pectoralis major

Back 53

Sternum, clavicle, ribs 1 - 6

Front 54

Insertion of pectoralis major

Back 54

Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Front 55

Innervation of pectoralis major

Back 55

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Front 56

Action of pectoralis major

Back 56

medial rotation, adduction, flexion of arm

Front 57

Muscles Elevating the Scapula

Back 57

Levator scapulae, superior trapezius

Front 58

Muscles Depressing the Scapula

Back 58

Lower serratus anterior, lower trapezius

Front 59

Muscles Protracting the Scapula

Back 59

Serratus anterior, pectoralis minor

Front 60

Muscles Retracting the Scapula

Back 60

Middle trapezius, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

Front 61

Muscles Superiorly Rotating the Glenoid Fossa

Back 61

Upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior

Front 62

Inferior Rotation of the Glenoid Fossa

Back 62

Levator scapulae, rhomboid minor and rhomboid major