Greece

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peninsula

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an area of land surrounded by water on three sides, connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of water

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acropolis

Back 2

fortified hill of an ancient greek city

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Acropolis

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acropolis of Athens

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tyrant

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a ruler who takes power by force

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aristocrat

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a member of a rich and powerful family

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democracy

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a form of government in which the citizens rule themselves

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oracle

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a sacred site where a god or goddess was consulted; any priest or priestess who spoke for the gods

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philosopher

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someone who uses reason to understand the world

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tragedy

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a type of serious drama that usually ends in disaster for the main charactor

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hubris

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overwhelming pride

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sophist

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a group of philosophers who know a wide range of subjects

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Zeus

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King of the gods and goddesses. Ruler of the sky and storms. Protector of the law.

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Hera

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Wife and queen to Zeus. Goddess of marriage and women

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Apollo

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Son of Zeus. God of poetry and music. The most widely worshipped of the Greek gods.

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Athena

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Zeus' wise daughter. Goddess of crafts. War goddess who defended her cities

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Poseidon

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Zeus' brother. God of sea, water and earthquakes. Lord of horses.

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Athens

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a city-state in ancient Greece. The capital of current Greece.

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agora

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a public meeting place in an ancient Greek city

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Agora

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the agora of Athens

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vendor

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a seller of goods

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slavery

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a condition of being owned by and being forced to work for someone else

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helot

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a member of a certain class of servants in ancient Sparta

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Sparta

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a city-state in southern part of ancient Greece

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Peloponnesian War

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a war fought between Athens and Sparta in ancient Greece

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plague

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a wide-spread disease

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blockade

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an action taken to isolate an enemy and cut off its supplies

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barbarian

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a wild and uncivilized person

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assassinate

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to murder for political reasons

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Alexander the Great

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King of Macedonia; conquerer of Persia, Egypt and invader of India. Son of Philip of Macedon.

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Euclid

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mathematician, known for his work on geometry

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Eratosthenes

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Calculated the distance around the earth. A noted astronomer.

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Homer

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Greek poet, credited with composing the epics the Iliad and the Odyssey

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Pericles

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Athenian leader, played a major role in the development of democracy and the Athenian empire.

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Thales

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Greek philosopher, first to look for way to explain the physical world

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Democritus

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Greek philosopher who proposed that the universe is made up of atoms. Father of modern science.

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Socrates

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Philosopher who taught by using a method of questioning. Helped form many values of western culture. Put to death for challenging Athenian values

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Plato

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Philosopher and student of Scorates, founded the Academy of Athens and wrote The Republic

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Aristotle

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Greek philosopher who became a famous teacher. Wrote books on various things

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Euripedes

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Most modern of the ancient greek tragedians. His tragedies often had strong female characters and intelligent slaves. Third of the ancient tragedians.

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Aeschylus

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Ancient Greek playwrite, known as the father of tragedy. First of the 3 ancient tragedians.

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Sophocles

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Famous playwrite who lived in Athens. Wrote 123 plays. Second of the three ancient tragedians.

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Thucydides

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Greek historian. Author of the History of the Peloponnesian War. Father of scientific theory.

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Philip of Macedon

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King of Macedonia, conquered the Greek city-states. Father of Alexander the Great.

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Aristarchus

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Greek astronomer - argued that the Sun was the center of the solar system (not the Earth)

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where did our words come from?

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Greece we speak read and write words that came from greece

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where would the Greeks spend most of their time?

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outside,in the sunshine

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what did the Mycenaens do?

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they built a flourishing civilazation with great halls and sea trade

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What stories did Homer write? what did they tell us?

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Illiad and Odessey they told about Helen and Troy "the face who launched a thousand ships"

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what words come from the root word poleis

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police and politics

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when did democracy start to rise?

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around 750 B.C.

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who was solon?

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a poet, philosopher, and merchant

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who was Pisistratus?

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he redistibuted land

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how were Council members chosen?

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at random

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What was the main diffreance from Sparta and Athens?

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there was no great artwork in Sparta

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what were the Greek virtues?

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order,symmetry,balance, and beauty.

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what is a direct democracy?

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one where each citizen votes on every law

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what is a representitive democracy?

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where citizens elect people to reprecent them

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who was in the legislative branch?

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the assembly and the concil of 500

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who was in the jidicial branch?

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juries, who were members of the assembly

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who was in the executive branch?

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the comander in chief and 9 genarals, elected annualy. other officicals, served one year.

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Solon

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a poet philosopher merchant

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Pisistratus

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redistributed land and reduced privileges of nobility

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Clesisthenes

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carried reforms necessary to advance dempcracy