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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genus: Bacillus (aerobic) and Clostridium (anaerobic) |
~ to differentiate, use 18% Catalase
~ (+) result = bubbling
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- BSL III, most notorious bioterrorism agent - the only encapsulated Bacillus spp |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Non motile forms, the so called: |
ANTHRAX BACILLUS |
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-Most common Bacilli sp. Isolated in immunocompromised; motile beta-hemolytic on BAP -Resistant to penicillin |
Bacillus cereus/ Fried rice Bacillus |
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B. cereus produces 2 types of toxin: |
1. Diarrheal type - causes abdominal pain 2. Emetic type - person is more prone to nausea/ vomit |
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BSL I category, common lab contaminant (BSC 1 can be used) |
Bacillus subtilis/ Hay Bacillus |
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• Opportunistic pathogen; motile • Source of bacitracin • Beta-hemolytic on BAP • Cause eye infection in heroin addicts (conjunctivitis) • Ascoli (-) |
Bacillus subtilis/ Hay Bacillus |
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Biological indicator for sterility of oven |
B. subtilis var. Niger |
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Biological indicator for sterility of Autoclave |
Bacillus stearothermophilus, new term/name is Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
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Insect pathogen; can cause infection to housefly and to a man |
Bacillus thurigiensis |
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3 Types of Clostridium |
• Neurotoxic • Histotoxic • Enteric |
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Targets the brain tissue, it can produce toxin that can cause paralysis Species: C. botulinum and C. tetani |
Neurotoxic |
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Targets the muscle tissue. Species: C. perfringens |
Histotoxic |
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Targets gastrointestinal tract Species: C. difficile |
Enteric |
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Clostridium perfringens' other names are: |
Clostridium welchii Frankel's Bacillus Gas gangrene bacillus |
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-Encapsulated; non-motile -Aerogenic able to produce gas on CHOPPED MEAT MEDIA; broth media= growth+ gas -Produces double hemolysis/ target hemolysis on BAP |
Clostridium perfringens |
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Other names of Clostridium tetani: |
Tack head Bacillus Tetanus Bacillus Drumstick/lollipop/Tenni racket Bacillus |
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2 types of paralysis: |
1. Flaccid paralysis - caused by C. botulinum; its toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine; muscle is no longer responsive. 2. Spastic paralysis - caused by C. tetani; little muscle movement may induced/caused "Locked jaw" that can cause Risus sardonicus/ Sardonic smile |
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Clostridium botulinun may also known as: |
Canned good bacillus Von Ermengen's bacillus |
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• Not cultured (usually due to its neurotoxins) • On BAP - alpha hemolytic • (+) lipase reaction: Egg yolk agar- colonies with mother of pearl or gas on water appearance |
Clostridium botulinum |
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Causes botulinum: |
1. Food botulism 2. Wound botulism 3. Infant botulism/ Floppy baby syndrome |
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Fatal type of food poisoning by just ingesting uncooked (contaminated) canned good |
Food botulism |
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Organisms contaminates the wound |
Wound botulism |
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Blocks acetylcholine of infant. The baby can be infected due to spore via breastfeeding (infected mother) or thru ingested formula milk |
Infant botulism |
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Clostridium difficile causes: |
Pseudomembranous colitis/ Antibiotic-associated diarrhea - due to misused of antibiotics |
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C. difficile diagnosis is usually thru: |
Cytotoxin detection |
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C. difficile media: |
CCFA Cycloserine Cefoxitin Fructose Agar (selective agar) ph indicator: Neutral red |
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Gram + spore forming bacilli |
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On gram staining forms, the so called: |
• "disjointed bamboo/ fishing rod / box car" appearances |
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Virulence factor: (Bacillus anthracis) |
• Delta glutamate capsule and phagocytic in nature • Exotoxin with 3 components: edema factor, lethal factor and protective antigen |
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Associated in causing the spoilage of fried rice |
Bacillus cereus or Fried rice Bacillus |
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*Bacillus cereus Virulence factor: |
Exotoxin cholera like toxin, causes food poisoning - associated in eating contaminated rice |
