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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gastrin
location produced? stimulus of secretion? function |
produced in stomach
secreted in response to stomach stretch, vagal stimulation, AAs function: increases H+ secretion |
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secretin
stimulus of secretion? function? |
secreted in response to H+ and FAs entering the duodenum
functions to increase HCO3- release from the pancreas and to inhibit H+ release |
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VIP - vasoactive intestinal peptide
location produced? function? |
secreted by smooth muscle and nerves of intestines
functions to inhibit H+ secretion and cause relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle |
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CCK
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contraction of gallbladder and pancreas secretion of enzymes
released in response to AAs and FAs entering the duodenum |
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projectile vomiting seen in what condition?
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pyloric stenosis
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liver and pancreas are derivates of what?
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foregut
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true diverticulum in the ileum
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meckel's diverticulum
persistent remnant of the vitelline duct |
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GI association with Downs?
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duodenal atresia - double bubble sign on XRY
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stimulators of HCl secretion?
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gastrin, histamine, vagal stimulation
released from parietal cell of stomach fundus |
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pepsinogen secreted by what?
function |
secreted by chief cells
converted to pepsin in the low pH of the stomach - begins protein digestion |
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boerhaave's syndrome
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complete rupture of the esophagus, caused by severe retching
GERD predisposes |
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coffee ground vomitus
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seen in acute gastritis with hemorrhage
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chronic gastritis
types? clinical features? |
type A - fundal, autoimmune pernicious anemia, aging
type B - bacterial (h. pylori) nonerosive; mucosal atrophy and inflammation risk factor for gastric carcinoma |
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lactose intolerance is due to what?
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lactase defiiciency
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hartnups disease
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defect in the intestinal and renal absorption of neutral AAs leading to excretion of tryptophan derivatives and causing pellegra like symptoms (niacin is a tryptophan derivative)
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bile salts and vitamin B12 are specifically absorbed where?
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ileum
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triple therapy for H pylori?
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proton pump inhibitor (e.g. omeprazole) + 2 of the following abx: metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin
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large bowel obstructions are usually a result of what?
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neoplasms
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small bowel obstructions are usually caused by what?
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adhesions
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leading cause of food-borne diarrhea in the US
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campylobacter jejuni
causes bloody diarrhea, fever. self limited but may persist for weeks |
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most common cause of diarrhea in infants?
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rotavirus
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diarrhea seen in immunocompromised pts (esp AIDs pts)
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cryptosporidium
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which IBD may have toxic megacolon
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ulcerative colitis
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