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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Early Models of the Universe
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Geocentric (Earth centered)
Heliocentric(Sun centered) |
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Big Bang Theory
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.001 seconds after neutrons and protons were produced.
3min after neutrons and protons combined to form stable nuclei 400,0000yrs after atoms were formed |
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Early universe properties
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smaller, hotter and more dense
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how did planets, stars, and galaxies form?
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material condensed due to gravitational attraction
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Evidence of BB theory and Expansion
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Red Shift of stars, background radiation
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Differentiation of Earth
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the heavy elements sink to the middle and the lighter elements float on the surface.
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composition: earth v crust
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Earth 15%silicon
30%oxygen 35%magnesium Crust Oxygen 46% Silicon 28% |
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Moon formation
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planetesial size of mars collides with earth. the excess dust/meteors, move around the planet.
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difference between lithosphere and asthenosphere?
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the lithosphere is the top surface and is broken into plates. Asthenosphere is solid and is able to flow
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How do we know that the center looks like?
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Density of earth v crust
meteorite composition volcanic activity earthquakes magnetic field |
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p-waves and s-waves
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p-waves fast and slinky
s-waves slower and wavy |
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moho
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boundary between crust and mantle. big jump at base of crust
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differences in composition of ocean and continental crust
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oceanic crust is more mafic(dark) and more dense
Continental is felsic(light) and less dense |
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Alfred Wegner
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First proposed the continental drift.
suggested the idea of pangaea |
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evidence Pangaea
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fit of continents
record of past glaciations rock record fossil evidence |
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plate boundary types
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earth ocean
ocean ocean earth earth |
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relative plate velocity
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plates moving with respect to each other
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absolute plate velocity
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movement of plates relative to a fixed point
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what is a mineral?
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combination of elements, inorganic, crystalline, solid
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what is a rock?
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minerals are the building blocks
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atom?
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building blocks for everything, cant be broken down
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isotopes?
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different amounts of neutrons, different mass
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covalent bonding
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outer electrons shared by neighbors, strong bond
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van der waals bonds
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acts between covalently bonded molecules, pencil writing
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silicate
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by far the dominant rock forming minerals
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key minerals in igneous
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feldspar, quartz, mica,pyroxene, amphibole, olivine
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key minerals in sedimentary
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feldspar, quartz, clay minerals, halite
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key minerals in metamorphic
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feldspar, quartz, mica, pyro
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