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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
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African Americans expanded their northern settlement geography (sectoral) by this process |
Residential Succession |
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This port city experienced dramatic growth and became the largest southern port associated with "king cotton" |
New Orleans |
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This established that blacks were chattel (property) |
The Virginia Slave Law |
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This is who Leroy Percy challenged before the Fatal flood occurred |
KKK |
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This Chicago cultural landscape was a place of black pride and success after the Great Migration (Video) |
Brownsville |
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Identified by Rose as a new Black American urban system of the 20th century, it is associated with the Great Migration and white avoidance |
Sectionalism |
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This region emerged as a part of the Black cultural health in the US after 1790 |
Alabama, Texas, Mississippi, and Louisianna |
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This pattern describes the racial geography of Blacks in the southern cities after the 1900 |
Checkerboard |
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This refers to the regional differences between the North and South prior to the civil war and contributed to that war |
???? |
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These are out-of-schooled and unemployment young people between the ages 16 and 22. In the US they are disproportionally Blacks and Hispanics |
Disconnected Youth |
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Given as an important reason for Latino migration to Allentown? |
Tranquillity, and safety in the neighborhood |
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Generally, how did Latinos feel about their treatment by Anglos in Allentown |
Unfairly in the workplace |
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"They wont let you get close to them." This refers to: |
Segmented assimilation |
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This found social, political & geographic segregation to be legal; ("Separate but equal doctrine") |
Social Distancing |
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Referred to as an overcrowded Black housing unit in Chicago after World War (video) |
Kitchenette |
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According to the "Chicago" video, this term refers to the first Blacks moving into an all-White neighborhood. |
Blockbuster |
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Following Plessey vs. Ferguson, these broad-based state laws mandated the social and geographic separation of Blacks and Whites. |
Jim Crow Laws |
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This agreement (compromise) created one free (Maine) and one slave state (Missouri) and established the 36" 30" line (northern limit to slavery) |
The 1820 Missouri Compromise |
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This struck down "Separate but equal" |
1954 Brown vs. Board of Education |
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This is where Greenville Blacks were housed and received poor treatment after the Fatal Flood |
Levee and Tent City |
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One of the two largest Black cities in the pre-1910 south |
Baltimore |
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This is a race place connection |
Little Havana |
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These describe Fordism? |
-It is simplified work tasks and increased productivity due to the assembly line -An increase in Consumption patterns based on the doubling of the current wage
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These are the reasons why Gabe came to the US illegally and Rosa continued to spend money multiple times to bring her children to the US? (Immigrant nation) |
-To create a better life for the family -To have access to a good education for their children |
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What were the beliefs of the two white men in Immigrant Nation? |
-The illegal immigrants are criminals -They should be sent home as illegals -They are destroying neighborhoods and the American culture |
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Which of the following nations have taken most advantage of the US "Diversity Visa?" |
-The African nations of Ghana and Nigeria -Nations from the caribbean, Including Jamaica and Haiti |
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What is an example of a Black Cultural landscape? |
Brownsville |
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What happened to the city of Chicago after 1960 (video) |
-There were massive losses of industrial jobs -For a period of time, Blacks continued to migrate from south to the city -As African Americans became unemployed, their numbers in public housing increased |
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An historical institutional effort to restrict Black movement and keep blacks isolated. |
Local government efforts such as, Restricted deeds |
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The Pre-19th Century (earliest) primary and secondary Black settlement regions that represent racial geography. |
Chesapeake Bay and South Carolina region |
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How did northern European immigrant ghettos differ from the northern Black ghettos that emerged in the 20th century, including those in Chicago and St. Louis? |
-They were transient place, immigrants eventually moved out, whereas Black ghettos became racial geography controlled by the white majority |
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Ghetto development from 1950-1970. |
-New ghetto centers emerged, but the first and second-generation ghettos were the primary centers for the Black migrants during this period -During this period of time, Southern African Americans also moved to Washington, D.C., New Orleans, and Houston -Third-generation ghettos were geographically widespread |
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What describes black suburban ring settlement of the late 20th century North? |
Spatial spillover from central cities to adjacent suburbs |
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What is a trend or theme of the Great Migration? |
A very modest increase int he Black populations of Northern industrial cities |
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What is true based on "Going to Chicago"? |
-During the 1st wave of the Great Migration, a range of employment opportunities were open to blacks, including factory and service jobs -During the 1st wave of the Great Migration, places of Black ethnic pride emerged in communities like Brownsville and other Black ethnic communities like Watts |
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What is true about US black geographies? |
-Prior to 1950, the majority of African Americans lived in the rural south -By 1970, despite millions of African Americans achieving middle-class status, White avoidance resulted in urban and suburban segregation -By the 1970's, African Americans were more than 70% urbanized, exceeding the urbanization of the white majority |
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What operated as "Push" factors for the great Migration? |
Mechanization that reduced demand for manual labor |
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What federal program promoted racial segregation and isolation by promoting the growth of majority-white suburbs and a policy of not suburban loans to African Americans |
FIFA (mortgage guarantees) |
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Why did Leroy and the planters turn against the African Americans in Greenville? (Fatal Flood) |
They were afraid of losing their workforce for the plantations |
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This made Puerto Ricans US citizens and freed them to migrate to the US mainland |
1917 Jones Act |
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This concept suggested that US westward settlement was inevitable and a moral responsibility and was used to justify American territorial expansion |
Manifest Destiny |
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A group constructed identity based on amplified cultural attributes and an attachment to a homeland |
Ethnicity |
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This concept explains an immigrant identity that is somewhere "in-between" its new nation and homeland. |
Transnationalism |
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Geographic patterns that reflect the power of the host society, to limit the mobility of and to restrict access to resources based on "race" |
Racial Geography |
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This policy resulted from US and Peurto Rican cooperation and was designed to reduce dependence on agriculturally-related employment and increase factory employment in Puerto Rico |
Operation Bootstrap |
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This concept accepts straight-line (spatial assimilation) but agrees that there are multiple paths related to assimilation |
Segmented assimilation |
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This was a spatial strategy of the Spanish that led to settlements along the Rio Grande River and in Southern California |
Entradas |
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This recently emerged gateway has become an attractive, destination for Puerto Ricans |
Orlando |
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This is a type of social institution that supported Puerto Rican migrants in NYC |
Hometown associations |
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These two states had Hispanic/Mexican populations and were a part of the Entradas. However, they developed differently prior to statehood |
Texas and California |
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This literally means neighborhood but became a social construction to create a negative image of a Mexican-American place at the time of the Great Migration |
Barrio |
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This is a place, concept that suggests a sentiment or emotion toward a place |
Topophilia |
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Place in Miami that were upgraded by Cubans and became their ethnic enclave and ethnic economy |
Little Havana |
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Thought to be Castro's effort to empty his jails |
Mariel Boatlift |
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State containing the largest number of persons of Mexican ancestry |
California |
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A social institution that supported Puerto Rican cultural, social, and political interests in NYC prior to WWII |
The Puerto Rican Brotherhood |
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Period I (Ends with the Gadsten Purchase) of the Hispanic/Latino Diaspora in the US is best characterized as? |
-A period of major land acquisition of Mexican territory by the US -A period that included Entrades -A period of agricultural expansion into new western territories |
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This was a guest-worker program that lasted from approximately the 1940's to the early 1960's. It brought thousands of Mexicans to the US legally but later many returned illegally. |
Bracero Program |
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In Period IV(SInce 1940) this type of latino diversity exists in the US |
-Ethnic -Economic -Political |
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What accurately describes a contemporary US Latino geographic pattern of settlement(Period IV)? |
-The majority of those of Mexican ancestry reside in California -The Majority of Cubans still reside in Florida -Since 1970, many Puerto Ricans have been attracted to Central Florida, especially to Orlando, and not to nearby states such as Connecticut -Dominicans are concentrated in NYC |
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Period III(1920's-1959) of the Hispanic/Latino Diaspora in the US is best characterized as: |
-A period of increasing Mexican and Puerto Rican populations residing in different regions -A period that included the Great Depression and the creations of a negative stereotyping of the Mexican barrio -A period of new Mexican settlement areas such as those in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska that were associated with agriculture -A period where the Bracero Program was created |
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This provided amnesty for illegals without any punishment |
-1986 Immigration Reform Act |
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Early NYC barrios had important place impacts; including: |
-They generated Puerto Rican-owned business and other supporting institutions -They provided an environment that maintained Puerto Rican identity and ethnicity |
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The US and Puerto Rican governments worked together in the 1940's to encourage migration to the US maintained by these means: |
-The use of local billboard advertising that encourages migration to the US -Working together to ease the complexity of filling paperwork to migrate to the US |
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The US attemoted to "americanize" Puerto Rico by: |
-Teaching English in Puerto Rican schools -Operation Bootstrap
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What represents a form of American subsidy to bring cubans to America in the 1960's? |
-Freedom fights -Cash Stipends -Free food such as cheese from American surpluses |
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What factors contributed to the increased migration of Puerto Ricans to the US mainland after WWII? |
-Information from friends and relatives living in the US -Unemployment rates in Puerto Rico -The decreased cost of air travel to the US |
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Mexican Migration to the US has a long history. Historical and current Mexican immigration patterns have been influenced by: |
-The US/Mexican Legacy -Continuous demand for cheap labor -Geographic proximity and a shared border -US government policies |
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What is indicative of Puerto Rican settlement on the US mainland after 1980? |
-They have spread to some surrounding suburbs, into Connecticut, an have relocated to small southeastern Pennsylvania cities |
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What is a current Hispanic/Latino population and/or geographic trend in the US? |
-The most rapid increase in Hispanic/Latino population is in the northeastern states of Vermont and New Hampshire |
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These determined quotas by nation of origin and were designed to favor the northern and western European nations |
1920's INA |
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A transformed, visible pattern that holds cues indicating the presence of a particular ethnic group |
Cultural lanscape |
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This was the name given to the first wave of cuban immigration/refugees entering Florida |
Golden exiles |
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In the hoover years this policy was a social remedy for ridding the US of those of Mexican ancestry, including citizens |
Repartriation |
